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PubMed1994

[Periodontal status of institutionalized mentally retarded patients].

The periodontal (PI) and the oral hygiene (OHI-S) indexes of 109 institutionalised mentally handicapped children were compared to PI and OHI-S indexes of 94 institutionalised healthy children. Both indexes showed significantly higher values at the handicapped group. Sex differences manifested only in the control group to the advantage of females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[New decision making therapy in foster, adoptive and institutionalized children with failed outcome].

A specific group of children, adolescents and young adults with failure syndromes and courses of failure is described and a report is made on the new decision-making therapy, which has been modified for young patients. This is described from its transaction-analytical background as well as in its practical implementation in the in-patient department of a clinic for child and adolescent psychiatry. Here it is not a matter of a single method of therapy but of a therapy direction. The objective of this is to help the young person to review its earlier decisions that were made in connection with relationships in the sense of one's own prohibition of admission, these being the main cause for failure, and to code to a new decision of wanting to have successful relationships in the future. In its implementation different psychotherapeutical processes are applied according to the individual process situation. The new decision-making therapy can be considered to be completed when the typical failure syndrome symptoms have disappeared and the young person begins to open itself towards development-promoting help and to enter into relationships.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Incidence of short-sleep patterns in institutionalized individuals with profound mental retardation.

Sleep patterns of 103 individuals with profound mental retardation were explored. Hours of sleep were counted from night monitoring sheets for 21 months for those individuals in continuous residence on one area of a large ICF/MR. Forty individuals (38.8%) were found to have short-sleep patterns. Comparison of short-sleep and nonshort-sleep groups revealed no predictive factors for short-sleep except blindness. Diagnosis of cerebral palsy and sodium valproate usage were predictive for nonshort-sleep. Pattern type of short-sleep nights were also determined. Younger individuals had more difficulty initiating sleep than awakening early. Short-sleep patterns may interfere with habilitation activities and community adjustment. Techniques for minimizing possible negative consequences of short-sleep were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Discriminative analysis of dependent elderly between home care and institutionalized groups in Sendai].

Public health and welfare services were examined in 125 dependent elderly aged 70 to 89 years old from a randomly selected population of 1,249 from 3 different areas (central, residential and suburban) in Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai. Of the 125 dependent elderly, 91 (72.8%) were being cared for at home (the home group), and 34 (27.2%) were in hospitals or nursing homes (the resident group). Multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the home group and the resident group. For the resident group relationships were found to "not having any family members to live with", and to "severe disability in ADL". Of the 91 subjects in the home group, 27 (29.7%) were visited by public health nurses (the visited group), and 64 (70.3%) were not (the not-visited group). Multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the visited group and the not-visited group. For the visited group relation to husbands or wives being caregivers and to severe disability in ADL was found. Of the 91 in the home group, 15 (16.5%) received welfare services (the recipient group), and 76 (83.5%) did not (the non-recipient group). Again, multivariate analyses using Hayashi's quantification method II were conducted for a comparison between the recipient group and the non-recipient group. In the non-recipient group a relationship to not having caregivers or to caregivers being persons other than husbands, wives, children or grandchildren was seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Improvements in quadriceps strength with regular seated exercise in the institutionalized elderly.

The quadriceps strength of a group of residents homes for the elderly (mean age 83 years) was assessed in a randomized controlled trial of seated group exercise versus group reminiscence therapy. Fifty-five of 65 volunteers completed the 6-month study, with 4 dropouts from the exercise group, and 6 dropouts from the reminiscence group. There were no adverse effects. Average of attendance at the exercise sessions was 72% (range, 18% to 98%) and 62% (range, 29% to 100%) at the reminiscence sessions. The reminiscence sessions comprised group interaction and discussion prompted by the use of reminiscence aids. By the end of the study, the change observed in the exercise group was significantly different from the reminiscence group in terms of quadriceps strength (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test). Both groups improved equally in their ability to climb up steps, but neither cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination) nor reaction time altered significantly.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Conversational topics of staff members and institutionalized individuals with mental retardation.

The conversational topics, and responses to these topics, used by staff members and residents in two settings within an institution for people with mental retardation were examined. Ten residents were observed in the classroom and residential environment for a total of 5 hours. All instances of spoken communication were analyzed for conversational topic and nature of the conversational opener. Results indicated that residents and staff members tended to talk about different topics. There were also differences in the use of topics between settings. Staff members were most likely to respond when residents used conversational openers that encouraged further interaction. Residents, in contrast, were most responsive when staff members talked about social topics, regardless of how the conversation was initiated. Implications for staff and resident training were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[What are the sexual discomforts of the institutionalized elderly and what do nurses know about the problem?].

The aims of this study were to identify the sexual problems of elderly people institutionalised in 2 nursing-homes and to find out how much the caregivers employed at these homes know about the sexuality-related problems affecting the elderly people they care for. Two questionnaires were issued: one to the residents of the home, the other to the caregivers. Results showed that the caregivers had very little awareness of sexuality in elderly people and of the particular problems and discomfort of those living in institutions. Discomfort was mainly due to loneliness, difficulty in communicating with caregivers about sentimental and sexual needs, finding new partners and lack of communication between the elderly person and his relatives regarding sexuality-related problems.

Aged↗