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PubMed2004

Hair loss remedies--separating fact from fiction.

Hair loss is a common complaint in the outpatient setting. Frequently, patients conduct their own research on hair loss diagnosis and treatment and are faced with a number of manufacturers' claims that their products will benefit hair loss. This paper explores the truth behind those claims of hair regrowth. We intend for this information to serve as a "consumer report" for healthcare providers and patients and to help separate some of the valid claims for hair regrowth from those that are purely fiction.

Alopecia↗
PubMed2004

A current review of medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases of aging men. It is estimated that by age 60 years, greater than 50% of men will have histologically documented evidence of the disease. Therapy for this disease has evolved considerably from its inception. Recent data from long-term population-based studies have shed new light on the treatment of this common problem in aging men. The authors review the current state of diagnosis of BPH and medical therapy for this condition in the primary care setting.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2005

[Prostate cancer. Introduction].

Basic, epidemiological and clinical issues to be solved on prostate cancer were discussed as a preface. Sharp increase of prostate cancer incidence in Asian countries, almost constant level of latent cancer are intriguing epidemiological and pathological issues. Treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, hormone-refractory prostate cancer has been a long-standing clinical challenge. New radiotherapy is expected for further advancement. Heterogeneity, clonility, multiplicity of prostate cancer are interesting pathological challenges.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗
PubMed2005

[Risk factors and current chemoprevention studies in prostate cancer].

There are no established risk factors for prostate cancer other than age, ethnic group, and family history. For dietary factors, the WCRF/AICR reported that diets high in vegetables were possibly protective, and that regular consumption of red meat, fat, saturated/animal fat, and milk and any products possibly increased risk. Among nutritional factors, a protective effect of lycopene, vitamin E, selenium, and perhaps fish oil and phytoestrogens appear particularly promising, although no definite answers have yet emerged. Although hormonal influences are biologically plausible, observational studies of androgen have not produced consistent results. While, insulin-like growth factor 1 could be a risk factor. Based on these evidences, several chemoprevention trials were launched using 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, selenium, vitamin E and so on.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗
PubMed2005

[Analysis of the scientific evidence of the combination therapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: The analysis of the scientific evidence of the combination therapy in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: 5 published studies about combination therapy in BPH were analysed following the criteria of the Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). Hypothesis, variables, internal validity, results relevance, and the external validity of every study were analysed. RESULTS: Symptoms changes and maximal flow rate (Qmax) improvement were evaluated in four studies and only one analysed the BPH progression. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were similar in the 5 studies. The main reasons of a poor internal validity in 3 studies were the short follow-up, the missing percentage, the absence of a placebo group and a dosage bias. External validity were decreased in the 5 studies by the exclusion criteria and in 3 of them because high doses of alpha-blocker were given to achieve a therapeutic effect. The study with the highest scientific evidence (MTOPS) is the only that offers confidence intervals and number needed to treat. CONCLUSIONS: The Qmax and the symptoms improvement found in all the studies has a moderate clinical relevance. MTOPS study shows that BPH progression has a low incidence that can be highly reduced by means of combination therapy.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2006

Treatment and pharmacologic management of BPH in the context of common comorbidities.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is extremely common in the aging man and may cause significant lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) necessitating treatment. Drug treatment is the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic BPH and is directed at relaxing prostatic smooth muscle, reducing prostate volume, or a combination of these effects. The most commonly used drugs for this indication are alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonists, which relax prostatic smooth muscle, and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, which reduce prostatic androgen levels and consequently prostate size. Invasive interventions include the gold standard, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and several minimally invasive surgical options. Although effective in alleviating symptoms, TURP carries a higher risk of morbidity and complications, including sexual side effects (mainly ejaculatory dysfunction), than medical therapy or minimally invasive techniques. Treatment for BPH, whether medical or surgical, must take patients' comorbid conditions into consideration so that LUTS may be effectively relieved, with the smallest risk of exacerbating any concomitant conditions.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗