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The treatment of chemical burns: specialized diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic considerations.
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[Dosage and repetition of calcium therapy in cows with special reference to new organic Ca-complex drugs].
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[The role of the lymphatic system in the genesis of immunity in skin transplantation].
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Control of phosphorylase activity in a muscle glycogen particle. IV. Activation of phosphorylase by nucleotides and phosphorylation.
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[Effect on some organic solvents on the reactivity of cholinesterase].
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[Evaluation of blood cholinesterase activity in subjects exposed to organophosphorus insecticides].
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[Characteristics of acetylcholine esterase from carp brain].
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[Diaplacental liver damage by diethylnitrosamine in the golden hamster].
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[Effect of embitol and sarcolysine on the content of readily hydrolyzable of ATP and ADP phosphate in organs and tissues of rats].
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Radioactive diisopropyl fluorophosphate as a platelet label: an evaluation of in vitro and in vivo technics.
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[Classification of harmful gases].
The classification of harmful gases may be envisaged in various ways according to the criteria considered. The two aspects adopted here concern chemical and toxicological classifications. Chemical classification is in general based upon the nature of the elements constituting the gases, e.g. carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, halogen compounds and halogenated compounds, etc. Toxicological classification is envisaged on the basis of the concepts of toxicity itself. It may then be used to establish the scale of its degree based upon two principal factors: concentration and duration of exposure. However, certain observations suggest complex intoxication phenomena related to an overall number of factors which are generally considered in isolation.
[Metabolism of 32P-butonate and formation of vinylbutonate metabolite in warm-blooded animals].
The metabolic fate of butonate, a 32P-labelled organophosphorus insecticide (0.0-dimethyl-l-n-butyryloxy-2.2.2-trichloro-ethyl phosphonate) was investigated in blood serum of cattle in vitro and in mice in vivo, following intraperitoneal and oral administration of 200 mg/kg. Metabolites were separates by thin-layer chromatography, using two solvent systems, acetonitrile-water = 85:15 and ethyl ether, for polar or non-polar metabolites. The Rf-values as well as the partition coefficients for chloroform and water and ethyl ether to ten per cent H2SO4 and for n-hexane and acetonitrile are given for butonate and the metabolites together with the amounts of metabolite, following in vivo metabolic degradation. The blood level as well as residues in milk are given by the following graduation: trichlorphone greater than vinylbutonate greater than butonate greater than dichlorvos. The formation of the new metabolite vinylbutonate is discussed.
The hinged lid of yeast triose-phosphate isomerase. Determination of the energy barrier between the two conformations.
Covalent modification of Glu165 in the catalytic center of triose-phosphate isomerase with the substrate analogue 3-chloroacetol phosphate traps the complex in two conformations. The two resulting 31P NMR resonances at 6.9 and 5.7 ppm appear to reflect conformations in which the hinged lid (residues 167-176) is in the open and closed positions. The conformation represented by the 5.7-ppm resonance is more stable, and unfolding and refolding in guanidine converts all of the molecules to the 5.7-ppm conformation. The complete conformational transition from 6.9 to 5.7 ppm also takes place as a function of time and temperature. Under these conditions the native enzyme retains more than 80% of the catalytic activity, indicating that this conversion is not due to thermal denaturation of the enzyme. Circular dichroic and fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that the 3-chloroacetol phosphate-modified enzyme does not undergo major structural changes. From the temperature dependence of this transition, an energy barrier of 144 kJ/mol (34.4 kcal/mol) was calculated for this conversion.
Occurrence of phosphorylserine in the spore coat of Bacillus subtilis NRRL B558.
Phosphorylserine was isolated from the spores of Bacillus subtilis NRRL B 558. This phosphorylated amino acid was only found in the spore coat protein and was not detectable in vegetative cells. The compound was characteristically synthesized at a late stage of sporulation and its turnover did not occur until the completion of mature spore formation. The protein which contains phosphorylserine was not solubilized from the spore coat by digestion with pronase or treatment with any detergents.
Lung function in workers refining phosphorus rock to obtain elementary phosphorus.
Elevated levels of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, fluorides and coal tar pitch volatiles were present in workplace air of a two-oven industrial refinery. One hundred thirty-one workers prospectively underwent annual pulmonary function testing (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced expiratory flow). Regression of these spirometric data, analyzed longitudinally over 3 to 7 years and also cross-sectionally reveals no residual significant effect of industrial exposure after adjusting for the effect of age and smoking. This industrial exposure contributes only weakly and inconsistently to the well-documented reduction of spirometric lung function that occurs from smoking alone. No significant reductions of spirometry occurred in exposed nonsmokers or former smokers.
Synthesis of N alpha-protected aminoacyl 7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin amide by phosphorous oxychloride and preparation of specific fluorogenic substrates for papain.
We report an improved procedure for the synthesis of fully protected aminoacyl 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin amide (MCA) employing the phosphorous oxychloride anhydride method. Seven Boc-X-MCA [where X = Arg(NG Tos), Cys(S-Bzl), Thr(O-Bzl), Ser(O-Bzl), Phe, Leu and Gly] and Z-Tyr(O-Me) were synthesized using this procedure, with yields ranging from 50% to 75%. These aminoacyl-MCA derivatives were employed for the synthesis of epsilon-NH2-caproyl-Leu-X-MCA, a fluorescent peptide series, which were assayed as papain substrates. All of them were completely hydrolyzed by papain, indicating that all of the Boc-X-MCA derivatives obtained were practically free of racemization. Since epsilon-NH2-Caproyl-Leu-(S-Bzl)Cys-MCA is very susceptible to hydrolysis by papain, quite resistant to hydrolysis by chymotrypsin and not hydrolyzed by trypsin, it is recommended for assays of thiol-proteinases in which specificity is required.
[The early response of the blood lymphocytes in mice to phosphacol and its practical significance].
Phosphacol drops applied to the eye of a mouse caused an immediate response of the blood lymphocytes. The number of phosphacol-immune rosette-forming and blast forms of lymphocytes increased. The response is specific since the formation of rosettes is blocked by the excess of phosphacol in vitro and does not occur when rausedyl-sensibilized erythrocytes are used. The formation of blast forms is intensified after small doses of phosphacol (10-9), but not rausedyl, are put into a suspension of blood cells. The technique proposed may be used for determination of phosphorus-containing compounds in the organism and the diagnosis of poisoning with them.