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[Radiological anatomy of the spermatic veins. Report of 152 retrograde spermatic phlebographies (author's transl)].

The authors analyse the results of 152 retrograde phlebographic explorations in the investigation of varicocoele: anatomical variations of the right and left spermatic veins (site of arrival, number of venous trunks, existence or not of valvules). They emphasise the importance of anastomoses with other venous systems, not only the inferior vena cava, but also the portal veins. These anastomoses which are essential, explain certain relapses of varicocoele after surgery, and explain the spontaneous portacaval anastomoses which form through the genital veins in certain cases of portal hypertension.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Hepatic phlebography before and after portacaval anastomosis].

Wedged hepatic venography has been utilized in the hemodynamic staging of portal hypertension in 33 patients. The immediate postoperative evaluation in 18 cases, has outlined a portal vein filling in 14 end-to-side portacaval shunts, in 5 with presence of hepatofugal collateral veins between the ligated hepatic and shunted splanchnic sides of the portal system, and in 2 side-to-side. The sinusoidal filling pattern has been relatively unchanged after end-to-side portacaval shunts. The venographic appearance of "spontaneous" reversal of portal blood flow in hepatic cirrhosis must be confirmed by selective hepatic arteriography before affirming its presence.

Hepatic Veins↗