PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Protective Devices”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Safety criteria in the problem of protection for the pilot's head against impact].

In order to determine man's tolerance, clinical symptoms of craniocerebral injuries were compared with physical characteristics of impacts. A ranking scheme of clinical manifestations of craniocerebral injuries as applied to specific flight conditions was developed. With respect to the craniocerebral injury biomechanics, clinical data were taken under statistical study, which helped to evaluate impact critical parameters and to propose a graphic scheme that can be used to describe in detail the accident and to estimate the probability of injuries of various degree over the entire range encountered in aviation and clinical practice.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1982

PAVE LOW III: interior lighting reconfiguration for night lighting and night vision goggle compatibility.

The PAVE LOW III aircraft is a modified HH-53H helicopter that has a low altitude--below 30.48 m (100 ft)--night/day rescue mission. The desired night flying configuration is for the pilot to wear night vision goggles (NVGs) to fly the aircraft while the copilot, without NVGs, observes the video display and monitors the aircraft instruments. The problems of NVG incompatibility in the cockpit were successfully countered using several light control techniques. The light control modifications were evaluated on the ground in the PAVE LOW III helicopter at Kirtland AFB in April, 1980, by PAVE LOW instructor pilots. The evaluation results were extremely positive.

Aircraft↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of protective helmets and head guards on localization of injuries to the skull and brain in cranio-cerebral injuries].

The results of post-mortem examination of 140 cadavers of persons who had died of craniocerebral injuries are appraised. It was established that in injury inflicted through a protective head-piece, the proportion of damage to the bones of the base of the skull, basally located structures of the large hemispheres and stem of the brain in the total number of injuries increases. The study is supplemented with mathematical calculations which explain the dependence observed.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A non-pharmacologic approach to the treatment of exercise-induced bronchospasm.

We investigated the effects of breathing air warmed and fully saturated to body temperature (AWS) before, during, and after exercise in asthmatic subjects. Airway responses to submaximal exercise on a cycloergometer were measured on four separate days in 14 asthmatic volunteers. On day 1 the subjects exercised breathing ambient air (AA). On the subsequent three days exercise was performed with the subjects breathing AWS, (1) for five minutes preceding, (2) during, and (3) for five minutes following exercise. We showed complete protection against EIB by AWS during exercise, but no protection by AWS before or after exercise. On two subsequent days we examined the effects of partially warming and humidifying the subjects' inspired air by having them wear a mask during exercise. We found that with such protection bronchospasm was significantly but not completely blunted. We conclude that the physiologic changes initiated during exercise can be prevented by breathing AWS during exercise, but are not by AWS inhaled before or after exercise. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate the possibility of using masks as a non-pharmacologic means of controlling EIB.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Puck impact response of ice hockey face masks.

A sample of new ice hockey face masks was struck over the nose or eye of a headform by pucks shot at velocities of 11-39 m/s (25-87 m.p.h.). Deformation of the masks was studied from high speed film. Acceleration pulses transmitted to the center of gravity of the headform were recorded. Peak accelerations never exceeded 86 G's and were well below reported concussion thresholds (200 G's). The film showed contact of the mask or puck with the face at puck velocities of 28 m/s (60 m.p.h.) and above. These results indicate a somewhat lower "safe" puck impact velocity (28 m/s) than that stated by the Canadian Standards Association (32 m/s) under the standard which applied to these masks. Some boys 12 years and older can shoot pucks at 28 m/s (60 m.p.h.). We urge that all manufacturers of sports protective equipment incorporate state of the science, quantitative evaluations of their products, beyond minimum CSA standard testing, in their design programs to improve the quality of information transmitted to the public.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of integrated night vision goggle (NVG) helmets under sustained +Gz.

Three integrated night vision goggle (NVG) helmets from different manufacturers were evaluated under high-G conditions. Structural and operational integrity, as well as neck forces in pounds, were determined via instrumented manikin testing before human exposure with the helmets during sustained +Gz. Results of the manikin testing showed that the helmets could withstand the rigors of high-G, and that predicted forces (using helmet weights and centers-of-gravity) matched those obtained experimentally from load cells in the x-axis of the manikin's neck. After manikin testing, 10 subjects were randomly exposed to four different high-G profiles on the Dynamic Environmental Simulator (DES) man-rated centrifuge located at Wright-Patterson AFB, OH: gradual onset to +8 Gz, a simulated aerial combat maneuver (SACM) profile, and two +4 Gz profiles, one with the mask dangling from the helmet and the other with the mask removed. Fit assessments were conducted before high-G exposure, and one helmet was affected significantly by failure of fit. The degree of migration of the NVG intensified image away from the eyes was affected most by the following helmet characteristics: design of the nape strap, size of the NVG image provided by each helmet system, goodness of helmet fit, and the use of the mask as a stabilizer. Although neck strength of each subject was measured and compared to the degree of head stability while wearing each helmet, no effects were found. However, subjects were not allowed to perform fast, high-amplitude head movements in the centrifuge for safety reasons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Compromises in the visual field with the M43 aviation mask.

This study evaluated peripheral vision through the M43 protective mask currently worn by aviators in the AH-64 Apache helicopter. A Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer was used to measure the sensitivity of a subject's visual field with and without the mask. The results were analyzed using Dicon's Fieldview software. The monocular visual field was reduced for each eye when wearing the mask, especially superiorly and nasally. The overall size of the visual field was not reduced when both eyes were open; however, the quality of the visual field was reduced. The area of binocular vision (central binocular vision fusion field subserving stereopsis) was restricted to the central 30 degrees.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Eye lens protection for radiological personnel.

Various radiodiagnostic procedures expose the eye lens of the diagnostic technician to radiations. With the aid of lead glasses with an attenuation of radiation equivalent to 0.25 mm of lead, the dose can be reduced by 90%.

Eye Protective Devices↗
PubMed1989

Hats: design and protection from ultraviolet radiation.

An estimated 400,000 non-melanoma skin cancers occur each year. A majority of them will develop on sun-exposed areas of the face, head, and neck. By virtue of having assignments that involve outdoor duty, often in areas of high ultraviolet radiation exposure, military personnel are at increased risk of developing these cancers. Hats provide a means of sun protection; however, some styles are more protective than others. Two styles of hats currently used by the military are compared.

Female↗
PubMed2004

An integrative radiation protection control system based on a CAN bus for the HT-7U tokamak fusion device.

A radiation protection control system has been designed, based on distributed computers and consideration of the features of the radiation source of the HT-7U fusion experimental device, for protecting the workers and the public against neutron and photon radiation, and especially for ensuring that workers cannot unexpectedly enter an area of high radiation level in any case. A multisubsystem (irradiation monitoring subsystem, access control subsystem, safety interlock subsystem and other related facilities) integration concept is proposed for the design. This system has been implemented on the basis of the up-to-date industrial field bus CAN, featuring simplicity and flexibility of installation and maintenance, capability for real-time long distance communication and multi-master protocol.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Eye protection in psoralen photochemotherapy.

The optical performance of some commercially-available tined lenses is discussed. There is a wide variation in the UV absorbing power of sunglasses although adequate protection against solar UV-A can be achieved with some, but not all, polarizing material. The darkness of a tint is not an indication of its likely performance within the ultraviolet bands and it is possible that lenses could be produced that lacked any significant tint yet absorbed strongly throughout the UV region.

Eye↗