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At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Radial artery spasm in transradial cardiac catheterization. Assessment of factors related to its occurrence, and of its consequences during follow-up].

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Radial artery spasm is the most frequent complication of transradial cardiac catheterization. It causes patient discomfort and reduces the procedure's success rate. The aims of this study were to identify variables associated with this complication, such as clinical parameters, angiographic characteristics of the radial artery and factors related to the procedure, and to analyze the clinical consequences of spasm, both generally and for radial artery patency, during follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The study included 637 patients who were undergoing transradial cardiac catheterization. Radial artery spasm was recorded using a scale that reflected the presence of pain and the technical difficulty of the procedure. RESULTS: Radial artery spasm was reported in 127 patients (20.2%). Multivariate analysis showed that the variables associated with radial artery spasm were radial artery anatomical anomalies (odds ratio [OR]=5.1; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.1-11.4), use of >size-3 catheters (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.9-4.7), moderate-to-severe pain during radial artery cannulation (OR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.4-4.9), the use of phentolamine as a spasmolytic (OR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-2.9), and postvasodilation radial artery diameter (OR=0.98; 95% CI: 0.98-0.99). At follow-up [20 (18) days], severe pain in the forearm was more frequent in patients who presented with radial artery spasm (12.4% vs 5.3%), but there was no significant difference in the radial artery occlusion rate (4.5% vs 2.2%). CONCLUSION: Radial artery spasm during transradial catheterization mainly depends on radial artery characteristics and procedural variables. At follow-up, radial artery spasm was associated with more frequent severe pain in the forearm, but the radial artery occlusion rate was not increased.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed2003

[Induction of hairy roots of Pueraria phaseoloides and its culture in liquid and solid medium].

An efficient transformation system for genetic transformation of medicinal plant, Pueraria phaseoloides, which contains puerarin and daidzein with hypothermic, spasmolytic, hypotensive and anti-arrhythmic activities, by using agropine-type Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834 was developed. Hairy roots could be obtained directly from the cut edges of petioles of leaf explants of P. phaseoloides or via callus 20 days after inoculation with agrobacterium. The percentage of rooted leaf explants 35 days after infection was about 85%. Hairy roots could have a rapid growth on solid or liquid growth regulator-free MS medium. The transformation of hairy roots was confirmed by PCR amplification of rol B and rol C genes of Ri plasmid from A. rhizogenes. To investigate the physiological difference between solid and liquid culture, the biomass (fresh weight and dry weight), the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the total content of soluble sugar in hairy roots cultured for 15 days in solid and liquid medium were detected, respectively, by the method of fluorescence labeling of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (2',7'-DCFH-DA) and by the anthrone colourimetry. Compared to hairy roots in solid medium, hairy roots grew more rapidly in liquid medium but formed no callus and appeared to become brown earlier during culture. The fresh weight, the dry weight, the total content of soluble sugar and the levels of reactive oxygen species of hairy roots cultured into liquid medium MS without plant growth regulators for 15 days were 1.59 times, 1.18 times, 5.25 times and 1.16 times, respectively as much as that of hairy roots cultured onto solid medium. Our results firstly indicate that P. phaseoloides hairy roots in solid medium can utilize or metabolize more soluble sugar but produce less reactive oxygen species than that in liquid medium. This may be related to the fact that hairy roots are easier to turn brown in liquid medium than that onto solid medium. Our results have laid a foundation for defining optimum culture manner for large-scale cultivation and large-scale production of secondary metabolites of P. phaseoloides hairy roots.

Culture Media↗
PubMed2005

Trefoil factor family mRNA and protein expression in pterygium.

Trefoil factor family (TFF) of proteins are involved in mucosal protection and healing and are induced in inflammatory diseases and neoplastic progression. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if expression of the trefoil factor family (TFF) proteins is altered in human pterygium compared to in normal conjunctiva. Fourteen pterygia (P) and 21 biopsies from normal human conjunctiva (NC) were studied. TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 mRNA levels were measured by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and TFF1 mRNA levels in addition by real-time PCR. The cellular expression of TFF1 (pS2), TFF3 (intestinal trefoil factor) and M1/MUC5AC mucin in ten pterygia and ten normal human conjunctiva specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies. TFF1 mRNA levels were higher in P than in NC (p=0.02). Accordingly, intensity of TFF1 and mucin MUC5AC immunostaining was higher in P than in NC. Mucus-secreting goblet cells (GC) were more densely packed in P than in NC. In both cases, TFF1 protein was detected in GC only, but was not systematically expressed in all GC. In addition, TFF3 mRNA levels were similar (p=0.89) in NC and P, while TFF2 (spasmolytic polypeptide) mRNA were not detected. Both TFF3 and MUC5AC proteins were clearly detected in all GC identified in NC and P. Increased expression of TFF1 mRNA and protein is observed in pterygium GC, suggesting that this trefoil protein might exert protective and beneficial roles during the pathogenesis of this benign and inflammatory conjunctival tumor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A phytogenic drug kanefron H in patients with chronic cystitis and urolithiasis].

To evaluate efficacy of kanefron H (KH) in combined therapy of chronic cystitis and urolithiasis (after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy-ESWL), we examined 48 women suffering from chronic cystitis. The patients were divided into two groups by the presence of pyuria: 20 patients of group 1 had pyuria, 28 patients of group 2 had no pyuria. Each group was subdivided into two groups in relation to KH. Subgroup 1a received phosphomycin as monotherapy, subgroup 1b--phosphomycin with KH (2 pellets 3 times a day for 30 days). Subgroup 2a was initially treated with anti-inflammatory drugs, local medication physiotherapy, circulation improving drugs for 10 days. Then the patients were followed up for a months without any treatment. Subgroup 2b received the same initial course but it was followed for 30 days with KH. 79 patients with urolithiasis (uroliths and ureteroliths) have undergone ESWL. 45 entered KH group (2 pellets 3 times a day), 34--the control group (spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory therapy). KH in combined treatment of chronic cystitis raises efficacy of the initial therapy (antibacterial or combined, made in the absence of pyuria), promotes achievement of longer disease remission, elimination of concrement fragments from the urinary tract. Long-term administration of KH induce no side effects. Thus, KH can be recommended in chronic cystitis and urolithiasis in patients exposed to ESWL as an effective and safe drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Trefoil factor 1 (pS2/TFF1), a peptide with numerous functions].

The trefoil factor (TFF) family includes three members : TFF1 also called pS2, TFF2 or spasmolytic peptide (SP) and TFF3 or intestinal trefoil factor (ITF). TFFs are associated with mucin-secreting epithelial cells and play a crucial role in mucosal defense and healing. In case of mucosa aggression (due to bacteria, virus or medication), inflammatory diseases and ulcerous pathology, they are involved in epithelium restitution and regeneration. In comparison with the other TFFs, pS2/TFF1 has particular functions. Notably, it acts like a suppressor gene for gastric tumors. Evidence of pS2/TFF1 overexpression has been found in a range of carcinomas (breast, bowel, prostate, pancreas, thyroid, lung...). In breast cancer, pS2/TFF1 overexpression contributes to a favorable prognosis. Moreover, it is a predictive factor of hormonotherapy response.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

xP2, a new member of the P-domain peptide family of potential growth factors, is synthesized in Xenopus laevis skin.

Similarly to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF-like repeats, the "P-domain" represents a cysteine-rich module that has been detected in the past in a variety of polypeptides, as well as in high molecular weight proteins. Here, a precursor for a secretory polypeptide (xP2) is characterized that consists of two P-domains. xP2 has been discovered in Xenopus laevis with the help of the polymerase chain reaction. In contrast to all other P-domain peptides, it is synthesized in the skin but not in the stomach or the pancreas. By this and other criteria, it cannot be considered simply as the X. laevis homologue of recently described P-domain peptides, viz. the spasmolytic polypeptides (PSP/hSP/mSP). Furthermore, a polyclonal antiserum was generated against the deduced C-terminal end of xP2. Due to its immunoreactivity with granular glands, as well as with the epidermis, the possibility of a growth factor activity for xP2 in the germinal layer is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

[HPLC investigation of antioxidant components in Solidago herba].

Representatives of Solidago species have been used in European phytotheraphy for centuries as a component of urological and antiphlogistical remedies. Solidago canadensis L. (Asteraceae) contains a wide range of active ingredients, such as flavonoids, saponins, hydroxycinnamates and mineral elements, which are responsible for its characteristic anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and diuretic properties. Quality control of collected Solidaginis herba were performed according to the instructions of the X. German Pharmacopoea, while different LC-MS technologies were applied to evaluate the exact phenoloid composition. Three flavonol aglycons (quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin) connected to several sugar components (glucose, rhamnose, galactose and rutinose), caffeoylquinic acid and a caffeoyl-shikimic acid glycoside were identified in the samples. Quercetin-3-O-beta-glucoside (isoquercitrin), quercetin-3-O-beta-galactoside (hyperoside), quercetin-3-O-beta-rhamnoside (quercitrin), quercetin-3-O-beta-rutinoside (rutin), kaempferol-3-O-beta-rhamnoside (afzelin), kaempferol-3-O-beta-rutinoside (nicotiflorin), caffeoil-quinic acid (chlorogenic acid) were identified in sample "A", while the presence of quercetin, quercetin-3-O-beta-glucoside (isoquercitrin), quercetin-3-/6"-O-acetyl-/-beta-glucopiranoside, quercetin-3-O-beta-rutinoside (rutin), kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-beta-glucoside (astragalin), kaempferol-3-/6"-O-acetyl-/-beta-glucopiranoside, isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin-3-/6"-O-acetyl-/-beta-glucopiranoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-rutinoside (narcissin), caffeoil-quinic acid (chlorogenic acid), caffeoil-shikimic acid-glucoside (dattelic acid-glucoside) were confirmed in sample "B". According to the occurrence of acetyl-glycosides and the diversity of sugar component of flavonoid glycosides Solidaginis herba samples chemotaxonomically were classified into different varieties. Incidence of acetyl-glycosidic flavonoids and absence of flavonoid galactosides and rhamnosides in the sample "B" together give support for the taxonomic recognition of varietases Solidago canadensis L. var. canadensis and var. scabra. Sample "A" was identified as Solidago canadensis L. var. canadensis, while sample "B" has proved to be belong to variety Solidago canadensis L. var. scabra. Due to the same flavonoid aglycons and the large amounts of flavonol glycosides occurring in each drug, phytochemical characteristics of investigated samples proved to be very similar.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2005

[Essential oils for the nutrition of poultry, swine and ruminants].

Essential oils are very complex mixtures of volatile, lipophilic compounds originating from plants. Due to their lipophility they posses a good intestinale and percutane absorption. Under external application essential oils demonstrate antiphlogistic or rubefacient to pro-inflammatority activities. Orally intake they stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes and increase gastric and intestinal motility. Moreover they show spasmolytic, expectorative and diuretic activities. Besides antimicrobial properties on bacteria and fungi have been observed in vitro and in vivo. Due to their various effects essential oils increasingly gain attention in animal nutrition and are discussed to be alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. In some studies essential oils have been reported to reduce intestinal pathogens in broilers and piglets. When administered to ruminants essential oils decrease ruminal ammonia production by suppression the growth of deaminative microorganisms. However, the observed effects on growth performance are inconsistent among studies. In conclusion, there are still some unanswered questions concerning the mode of action, metabolic pathway and optimal dosage of essential oils in different animal species. Further scientific research is therefore needed to use essential oils effectivly in livestock feeding.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacological screening of indigenous medicinal plants (iii).

The effects of the alcoholic extracts of fifteen indigenous plants have been studied on the isolated guineapig ileum preparations. Eleven extracts produced a spasmogenic effect, whereas, four extracts depicted a spasmolytic effect against acetylcholine.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of Anemone pulsatilla for some biological activities.

Preliminary screening of herbal extracts employs the determination of their biological activity and the estimation of their therapeutic potential. This eliminates the unnecessary effort of fractionation and purification of constituents unimportant from the practice pharmacological point of view. It also gives a scientific basis to the herbs traditionally used in folk medicine. Thus, during the present investigation the spasmolytic effect of Anemone pulsatilla extract on isolated tissues of rabbit jejunum was evaluated. In addition the pharmacological screening of Anemone pulsatilla extract was also earned out.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

The treatment of patients with injury to the great arteries of the lower extremities.

This paper analyzes the results of the treatment of 92 patients with injury to the great arteries of the lower limbs, which accounted for 15.9% of the number of all patients with injury to the great vessels. As regards lower limb ischemia, the patients were distributed in the following way: 15 (16%) patients had degree I, 27 (29%) degree IIA and 50 (55%) had degree IIB-IIIA ischemia (according to the classification of acute ischemia by I. I. Zatevakhin). All casualties with arterial trauma of the lower limbs were operated on. In the postoperative period, the patients were administered conservative therapy using anticoagulants, spasmolytics, and antiplatelet agents. Intraarterial infusion therapy, detoxification techniques and HBO therapy were applied. Good and satisfactory results were obtained in 78 (80.5%) patients; amputations were performed in 10 (10.8%) patients. The lethality constituted 8.7% (n=8). The authors hold that early hospitalization to the multi-discipline continuous medical institutions forms the basis for refinement of the treatment results in patients with injury to the great arteries of the lower limbs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Identification of glucagon binding sites on smooth muscle tissue of dog intestine. Quantification by means of ultrastructural autoradiography.

125I-glucagon binding sites have been detected and quantified on the intestinal smooth muscle cells of the dog by means of ultrastructural autoradiographic methods. These binding sites are located mainly in the plasmalema. The present findings established a morphological correlation with the physiological data concerning the spasmolytic function of the glucagon on the intestinal wall.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Expectorant herbal medicines in respiratory tract diseases in tobacco smokers].

Cigarette smoking can cause a variety of pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases like: bronchitis, emphysema, myocardial infraction as well as lung cancer. The tar phase precipitates in the respiratory tract, inactivating the ciliated epithelium and inhibiting the self-cleaning of bronchia. Herbal remedies increase mucosa secretion and hence facilitate coughing up the secrete residual. The action of expectorant herbs results primarily from their influence on the gastric mucosa and following a reflex stimulation which leads to an increase in secretion of the bronchial glands. Volatile-oil type expectorant herbs have shown a direct stimulatory effect on the bronchial glands by means of local irritation, accompanied with antibacterial and spasmolytic activity. Expectorant herbs containing saponins function reduce the surface tension of the secretions facilitating their separation from the mucous membranes.

Expectorants↗
PubMed1990

[Hydrophobic parameters of certain coumarins in studies of structure-activity relationship].

The hydrophobic nature of drugs, very important feature in determination of biological activity, is in Hansch's approach characterized by the logarithm of partition coefficient (log P) determined in n-octanol -water system, or calculated from hydrophobic constants pi (Hansch) or f (Rekker). Those as well as other parameters of hydrophobicity (log k'w, RMw or chi-connectivity index) were correlated with the spasmolytic and cytostatic activity of some coumarins.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1975

[Spectacillin-a new-developed multi-effective penicillin in treating chronic bronchoulmonary diseases author's transl].

50 patients with a chronic disease of the bronchopulmonary system, within the therapy of an acute exacerbation received in addition to bronchosecretolytics, spasmolytic substances, and corticosterones the substance 'Spectacillin' in a dosage ranging from 2 to 6 grams per day during the period of 2 weeks. The acute exacerbation has been stopped in 34 patients and there-by the recurrence could be prevented. Although in 9 patients a clinical improvement has been obtained, no germ elimination could be ascertained; 7 cases of disease remained uninfluenced. The evalution is documentated by the clinical and laboratory findings, the germ analysis and the test of pulmonary functions. The compatibality can be evaluated as well-effective; especially the low rate of exanthema (2 patients) is to be emphasized.

Auscultation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological studies on 2- and 4-pyridylethylamides of acetyltropic acid (PAT-2 and PAT-4).

Two new compounds: 2- and 4-pyridylmethylamides of acetyltropic acid (PAT 2 and PAT-4) show spasmolytic effects on isolated guinea pig ileum, have mydriatic actevity in rabbits and block restraint produced ulceration in rats. PAT-4 causes a strong inhibition of the salivary secretion in mice. Both of the test compounds inhibit also the effects of ACh and vagus stimulation on the blood pressure and have local anaesthetic activity. PAT-4 inhibits the aggressive behaviour in mice and rats, prolongs the hexobarbital sleeping time, increases the pain treshold and inhibits the oxotremorine induced tremor in mice. Both PAT-2 and PAT-4 had no effect on the convulsant action of pentetrazole. EEG findings show that central cholinolytic activity is present in both compound tested.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2006

A comparison of N-butylscopolammonium and lidocaine for control of rectal pressure in horses.

In its FDA approved formulation, N-butylscopolammonium bromide (Buscopan Injectable Solution, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica) is an anticholinergic spasmolytic agent indicated for management of abdominal pain associated with spasmodic colic, flatulent colic, and simple impactions in horses. Use of this drug ablates gastrointestinal peristalsis and rectal pressure. It ahs been suggested that N-butylscopolammonium bromide could be used to facilitate rectal examinations in horses. This study compared the effects of N-butylscopolammonium bromide versus lidocaine and a saline control on rectal pressure and the number of rectal strains during rectal examination. The results of this study indicate that this drug increases the quality and, presumably, the safety of rectal examinations in horses.

Abdominal Pain↗