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PubMed2002

Supernumerary teeth in the primary dentition: a report of two cases.

Supernumerary teeth occur frequently in the permanent dentition, but they are rare in the primary dentition. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth with a cone shaped crown and a short root. The supernumerary tooth which bears resemblance to the tooth with which it is associated is called a supplemental tooth. The etiology of supernumerary teeth is still unknown and not well understood. Radiographic examination of pre-school children is essential for their diagnosis. Early removal of these teeth is required so that complications such as delay in eruption of permanent teeth, crowding, diastema, rotations and certain pathologic conditions can be averted.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1999

Influence of several factors on the success or failure of removal of fractured instruments from the root canal.

The influence of several factors on the success rate of removal procedures of fractured endodontic instruments was evaluated postoperatively. In 105 teeth with 113 fragments removal attempts were undertaken using a wide range of techniques and instruments. All cases were analyzed with special regard to the following factors: type of tooth and root canal, site of fragment in relation to root canal curvature, length of fragment, and type of fractured instrument. Success of treatment was defined as removal or complete bypassing of the fragment. Of 82 instruments in molars (maxillary: 32, mandibular: 50), 56 were removed or bypassed (max.: 26, mand.: 30). Of 16 fragments in premolars (max.: 12, mand.: 4), 8 could be removed or bypassed (max.: 6, mand.: 2). Of 14 fragments in canines and incisors (max.: 7, mand.: 7), 13 could be removed completely (max.: 6, mand.: 7). When the fragment was localized before the curvature 2 of 18 cases failed, when localized inside the curvature 13 of 31 cases failed and when localized beyond the curvature 15 of 33 cases failed. Anatomical factors favorable for removal were: straight canals, incisors and canines, localization before the curvature, length of fragment more than 5 mm, localization in the coronal or mesial third of the root canal, reamer or lentulo spirales. In molars removal procedures were most successful in the palatal canals of maxillary molars.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1998

Vertical root fractures in adjacent maxillary premolars: an endodontic-prosthetic perplexity.

Vertical root fractures in endodontically treated teeth occur frequently in teeth or roots in which their mesiodistal dimension is narrow, such as the maxillary upper premolars. Two cases of vertical root fractures in two adjacent maxillary reconstructed teeth are presented. As in many cases of vertical root fractures, the primary diagnosis was of endodontic treatment failure. The final diagnosis of the fractures was made either by the radiograph showing separation of root segments in one case, or by surgical exploration in the other. In both cases, tooth extraction was unavoidable.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

GENETIC FACTORS IN EXTERNAL APICAL ROOT RESORPTION AND ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT.

External apical root resorption (EARR) is a common sequela of orthodontic treatment, although it may also occur in the absence of orthodontic treatment. The degree and severity of EARR associated with orthodontic treatment are multifactorial, involving host and environmental factors. Genetic factors account for at least 50% of the variation in EARR. Variation in the Interleukin 1 beta gene in orthodontically treated individuals accounts for 15% of the variation in EARR. Historical and contemporary evidence implicates injury to the periodontal ligament and supporting structures at the site of root compression following the application of orthodontic force as the earliest event leading to EARR. Decreased IL-1beta production in the case of IL-1B (+3953) allele 1 may result in relatively less catabolic bone modeling (resorption) at the cortical bone interface with the PDL, which may result in prolonged stress concentrated in the root of the tooth, triggering a cascade of fatigue-related events leading to root resorption. One mechanism of action for EARR may be mediated through impairment of alveolar resorption, resulting in prolonged stress and strain of the adjacent tooth root due to dynamic functional loads. Future estimation of susceptibility to EARR will likely require the analysis of a suite of genes, root morphology, skeleto-dental values, and the treatment method to be used-or essentially the amount of tooth movement planned for treatment.

Journal Article↗