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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Formation of the rate of mortality due to active tuberculosis in the areas in the charge of the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences].

Some areas in the charge of the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, is marked by an increase in the morbidity rate among the residents from 1% in the Republic of Mordovia to 10.7% in the Ulyanovsk Region and by a decrease in the territorial rate. In 6 of 15 areas, tuberculosis mortality tends to increase, which is indicative of the strained tuberculosis epidemic situation in these areas. The rates of the proportion of patients who had died from active tuberculosis among those with new-onset tuberculosis, the deceased who had been followed up for as long as a year, and those who had not been followed up, which reflect the state-of-the-art of therapeutic and diagnostic work were studied.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1992

[Herpesvirus research at the Virology Institute of the Slovak Academy of Science].

Research of the herpes virus (HSV) in the Institute of Virology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava has achieved some interesting results. An original technique has been elaborated for the purification of HSV visions and the separation of envelopes and naked particles. Studies of the properties of the HSZP strain of HSV type 1, adapted by us, showed that this virus did not only fail to shut off host cell proteosynthesis but also interfered with this ability of the KOS strain. Interesting results were achieved in elaborating the experimental pathogenesis of HSV and pseudorabies virus, especially concerning their neural spread. Important was the discovery of latent infection established with pseudorabies virus and the detection of spontaneously nonreactivating HSV DNA sequences in the nervous system of experimental animals and in man. A new herpesvirus was isolated from rodents at large, distinct from the so far known mouse CMV. This virus proved to be of interest because of its peculiar pathogenesis (similar to that of alpha herpes viruses) and DNA structure (similar to that of gamma herpes viruses). The preparation of a subunit vaccine using primary quail embryo cells (along with the introduction of domestic acyclovir) opens up some perspectives for the suppression of recurrent herpes virus infections in man. The testing of HSV-1 deletion mutants aims at elucidating the role of individual genes and their products in the pathogenetic process. (Ref. 54.)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mycology at the Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences: history and prospects for the future].

This review deals with the historical development of mycology at the Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology (Russian Academy of Sciences). Starting from the works of Academician G.A. Nadson, the review considers from the historical perspective the main achievements of the researchers of the Institute in the field of mycology, including such important subfields as the cytology, genetics, physiology, and biochemistry of mycelial fungi and yeast. The review concerns itself with the major theoretical ideas generated by the team of the Laboratory of Experimental Mycology in the course of their studies of micro- and macromycetes. Special attention is also given to recent developments in biotechnology and medicine, including the development of new drug preparations from biologically active substances of fungi.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1998

[Forty years study of systemic scleroderma (data of Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)].

The basic stages and the results of 40-year studies of systemic scleroderma (SSD) at the Institute of Rheumatology, Russia Academy of Medical Sciences, are given. The goal-oriented studies of the systemic, peripheral, and visceral manifestations of the disease, which were undertaken in the 1960s basically altered our insight into the disease. Subsequently the diagnostic signs of the disease were developed, which substantially improved the diagnosis of SSD. Long-term studies examined the evolution of SSD and identified three major types of its course: acute, subacute, and chronic, which differ in the rapidity of progression of a pathological process, the pattern of clinical and morphological manifestations and prognosis, as evidenced by survival rates. The identified types of the course (n = 3) and clinical forms (n = 5) formed the basis for the Russia classification of SSD. Studying the pathogenesis of the disease mainly in the context of the mechanisms of formation of fibrosis and impaired microcirculation, as well as its clinical heterogeneity served as the basis for developing pathogenetic therapy regimens by differentially using disease-modifying agents and other therapeutical complexes. At present, the Institute of Rheumatology has accumulated unique experience in studying and following over 1500 patients with SSD and related diseases. There is a rise in the sclerodermal group of diseases, cross-over and combined forms of SSD along with great progress in the diagnosis and treatment, which enhances the quality of life of patients with SSD and prognosis in them.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1997

[Role of Laboratory of Biochemistry, Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in the evolution of views of tuberculosis pathogenesis and in the development of up-to-date approaches to its treatment].

The stages of the researches made by the Laboratory of Biochemistry, Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, were considered. They were divided into three periods. In the first (prewar) period it was found that the specific features of the course of tuberculosis were closely associated with metabolic and neuroendocrine regulatory changes. Based on these researches, a hygienic and dietary regimen was developed for patients with tuberculosis. The second stage refers to the advent of antibiotics. At the same time the pharmacodynamics of drugs and some other chemicals was investigated and their side effects found. Criteria for early laboratory diagnosis of adverse reactions and methods of their metabolic correction were elaborated. The homeostatic changes accompanying the bulky phthisiolosurgical interventions were studied. The third (present-day) stage of studies is associated with progress in basic science. The main line of investigations is to study the systems of humoral regulation and metabolism of the cells responsible for the development and evolution of a tuberculous process.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2000

Responding to allegations of scientific misconduct: the procedure at the French National Medical and Health Research Institute.

Institutions in France are not yet well prepared to respond to allegations of scientific misconduct. Following a serious allegation in late 1997, INSERM, the primary organization for medical and health-related research in France, began to reflect on this subject, aided by scientists and jurists. The conclusions have resulted in establishing a procedure to be followed in cases of alleged misconduct, and also in reinforcing the application of good laboratory practices within each laboratory. Guidelines for authorship practices and scientific assessment must also be considered. Even though each institution must remain responsible for responding to allegations of scientific misconduct within its doors, INSERM would like to see national, European, and international co-ordination about the methods of such response.

Academies and Institutes↗