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PubMed1965

AN APPROACH TO THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF URINARY STEROIDS.

1. Human urine, its extracts, extracts of urine pretreated with enzyme preparations containing beta-glucuronidase and steroid sulphatase or beta-glucuronidase alone, and products derived from the specific solvolysis of urinary steroid sulphates, were submitted to the following sequence of operations: reduction with borohydride; oxidation with a glycol-cleaving agent (bismuthate or periodate); separation of the products into ketones and others; oxidation of each fraction with tert.-butyl chromate, resolution of the end products by means of paper chromatography or gas-liquid chromatography or both. 2. Qualitative experiments indicated the kind of information the method and some of its modifications can provide. Quantitative experiments were restricted to the direct treatment of urine by the basic procedure outlined. It was partly shown and partly argued that the quantitative results were probably as informative about the composition of the major neutral urinary steroids (and certainly about their presumptive secretory precursors) as those obtained by a number of established analytical procedures. 3. A possible extension of the scope of the reported method was indicated. 4. A simple technique was introduced for the quantitative deposition of a solid sample on to a gas-liquid-chromatographic column.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1965

CLINICAL VALUE OF THE CORTISOL SECRETION RATE.

The isotopic estimation of the cortisol secretion rate in man is now an accepted and reliable method of assaying adrenal cortical function.Seven years' experience with its clinical use is reviewed and some practical aspects of technique are considered. The mean normal resting cortisol secretion rate is 16.2 +/- 5.7 mg. daily. In all of 14 cases of hypopituitarism studied secretion has been less than 2.1 mg. daily. In all of 26 cases of established Cushing's syndrome, the cortisol secretion was above 36 mg. The method can be used to follow day-by-day changes in adrenal cortisol activity and examples of such use are given. The urinary 17-ketogenic steroid excretion frequently gives results which conflict with secretion rate estimates, and can lead to erroneous clinical conclusions.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1950

The clinical significance of urinary 17-ketosteroid assays.

The urinary 17-ketosteroids are a group of compounds derived from complex steroids produced by the adrenal cortex, testis, or ovary. The method of determining the amount excreted has been simplified so that it is available for routine diagnostic purposes. Usually the amount is increased in diseases in which there is hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex due to tumor or hyperplasia, and decreased in lesions that impair the function of the adrenal cortex. Other conditions such as myxedema, eunuchism, gout, and arthritis may alter the excretion of the 17-ketosteroids. Low levels are also found in the young and in the aged. Case histories are presented to illustrate the findings in the following diseases: Tumors of the adrenal cortex with (a) masculinization, (b) Cushing's syndrome with virilism and, (c) hirsutism; as well as in gigantism with acromegaly, in gout, eunuchism, Addison's disease, myxedema, and severe panhypopituitarism.

17-Ketosteroids↗