PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Adolescent, Institutionalized”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Institutional games played by confined juveniles.

This study examined the games played by 561 juvenile offenders confined in six coeducational correctional facilities in one state. The types of games these residents used against staff and peers within the confines of the institution varied considerably. The study documented nineteen games used by males and females, twelve to deal with staff and seven to deal with peers. The games were defined as therapeutic games, material games, psychological games, and physical games. Peer-oriented games included attention-seeking activities and a variety of dominance games. Additionally, these games were described and tabulated according to the sex and race of the residents. The conclusion was that game-playing behavior was no less frequent in coeducational institutions than it was in single-sex institutions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Perceived control and treatment outcome with chronic adolescent offenders.

The relationship between perceived control and treatment outcome was explored with chronic adolescent offenders who exhibit internalizing or externalizing behavior problems. Data were examined from the records of 307 male adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18 committed to a state training school for hard-core offenders. Adolescent offenders with externalizing behavior problems, such as aggression, showed a more favorable treatment outcome when they attributed overall successes to their own behavior and when they viewed themselves as worried or anxious. They showed a less favorable treatment outcome when they viewed themselves as generally happy. Adolescent offenders with internalizing behavior problems, such as anxiety or depression, tended to show less favorable treatment outcomes when they viewed themselves as being high in physical competence and when they attributed failures to themselves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Analysis of drug abuse among adolescent psychiatric inpatients at Veterans General Hospital-Taipei.

BACKGROUND: The problems of drug abuse has been growing rapidly in Taiwan area recently. Adolescents hospitalized due to drugs related problems were a special population and research of this population may contribute to the whole view of the drug abuse problems in our society. METHODS: Psychiatric inpatient records of Veterans General Hospital-Taipei from January, 1991 to June, 1993 were reviewed. Among totally 296 admissions of 260 adolescents, 38 admissions of 27 adolescents were related to drug abuse. The discharge diagnosis, urine drug screen test during admission, hospitalization course, follow-up condition of the 38 admissions as well as the demographic data, pattern of drug abuse, family and personal problems of the 27 adolescents were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 27 patients, 21 (78%) abused amphetamine only or mainly, and 14 (52%) of them also drank alcohol daily. As a whole, they began to drink at age 15.6 +/- 1.5 years, to abuse amphetamine at 16.8 +/- 1.2 years. Those who sniff glue started at the age of 15.4 +/- 1.8 years and those who abuse heroin started at the age of 18 years. 14 patients (51%) had previous abstinence history, and the most common reason of failure were craving, peer pressure and boredom. Personal and family factors were the major difficulties encountered in the process of abstinence, according to the evaluation of their incharge doctors. 16 (59%) of them had definite family problems, including loss of parent(s), marital discord or inconsistent attitude of parents, and psychotic history of mother. Interestingly, 15 (56%) of the patients were the youngest, 5 (18%) were the only sons and only 3 (11%) were the eldest in their family. Among the 38 admissions, 34 (89%) were diagnosed as "organic delusional disorder", or "organic hallucinosis" by DSM-III-R criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Amphetamine has become one of the most popular drugs of abuse in Taiwan area in recent years. Many drugs of abuse in Taiwan area 10 years ago were not found in this study. Because of the psychidelic effect of amphetamine, many amphetamine abusers were hospitalized and the drug abusers among adolescent psychiatric inpatients have increased almost 5 times in the past 10 years. Family problems played a significant role. Family approach would thus be very important in prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of the adolescent drug abusers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Running scared: therapists' excessive concerns about following rules.

Mental health professionals sometimes excessively follow rules and regulations to the point of neglecting or even injuring their clients. Five vignettes are presented that illustrate how this problem might occur in clinical or administrative decisions. The vignettes involve confidentiality, informed consent, reporting of sexual abuse, and other issues. Several specific recommendations are made that emphasize common sense and clinical reasoning, rather than relying merely on legal reasoning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The physical capacity of Bulgarian boys from homes for children and youth].

The educational effects and living conditions' impact on the physical activity of boys with unequal social status have been investigated. Children from under school age to secondary school age, living in different towns and regions of the country have been studied. The indicators used for physical activity are 60 meters sprint, long jump, right and left hand small ball throw. A comprehensive analysis of the studied indicators is made. It has been found out that the boys from the asylums aged from 3 to 6 years living in town have significantly poorer results in the sprint events compared to the mean standards for the age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Energy intakes, anthropometry and body composition of Nigerian adolescent girls: a case study of an institutionalized secondary school in Ibadan.

Twenty-two apparently healthy Nigerian adolescent girls aged 11-17 years residing in a hostel, were studied over five consecutive days in order to assess their energy intake (EI), energy cost of specific activities and body composition (BC). The mean characteristics of the group were: height 1.58 (SD 0.1, range 1.42-1.68) m, body weight 49.1 (SD 7.9, range 34.0-61.0) kg and BMI 19.5 (SD 2.0, range 16.0-23.0) kg/m2. The food intake of each subject was assessed by direct weighing and its energy value was determined by means of a ballistic bomb calorimeter. BMR values were calculated according to Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) (1985) equations. Percentage body fat (BF%) values were derived from three skinfold thickness measurements, using population-specific equations. The adolescents' mean daily EI was found to be 6510 (SD 855) kJ/d (138.3 (SD 27.8) kJ/kg body weight per d) which is lower than the FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) calculated energy requirement of 8800 kJ/d for adolescent girls aged 12-14 years. The contributions of specific nutrients and individual meals to the total EI were: carbohydrate, protein and fat, 59.2, 12.5 and 28.3% of energy respectively and breakfast, lunch and supper, 21.5, 41.0 and 37.4% respectively. However, the mean BMR was 5627 kJ/d, which is comparable with that given by FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) for adolescent girls aged 13-14 years. The mean BF% was found to be 21.7. The comparatively low EI of the participants in the present study may be indicative of energy deficiency in their meals. This assumption is also reflected in their BC values. Nevertheless, further studies of this kind on adolescents in Nigeria are needed to confirm these observations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

WISC-R incentives and the academic achievement of conduct disordered adolescent females: a validity study.

Selected and randomly assigned 51 institutionalized conduct disordered adolescent females to one of three treatment conditions. Ss' responses to a short form of the WISC-R were followed by examiner praise, neutral feedback, or token reinforcement. A series of Pearson product-moment correlations were calculated between the scaled scores of the three treatment groups and their GPAs. The results revealed that the identified subtests, regardless of treatment condition, were poor predictors of achievement. The correlations were discussed in view of the association between the selected subtests and the curricula of the special education classes, observed variations between the WISC-R treatment scores, and the special characteristics of the Ss.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

Prediction of recidivism in young offenders after brief institutionalization.

Administered 100 delinquent adolescent boys a battery of tests that measured intelligence, mental control, self-concept and physical fitness. The battery of tests was administered at the beginning and at the end of short-term institutional placement (M = 6 months) and again 1 to 2 years after release from the institution. Significant prediction of prosocial behavior in the year after institutionalization was achieved by using tests that reflected mental control and academic achievement. Background variables such as race, socioeconomic status, family status, and previous criminal charges were not related significantly to presence or absence of antisocial behavior during the year after institutionalization. Implications for management and treatment are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1971

A comparison of procedures for eliminating self-injurious behavior of retarded adolescents.

An attempt was made to eliminate the self-injurious behaviors of four institutionalized, profoundly retarded adolescents. Some of the behaviors studied were: face-slapping, face-banging, hair-pulling, face-scratching, and finger-biting. Three remediative approaches to self-injurious behavior were compared. Elimination of all social consequences of the self-injurious behavior was not effective with the two subjects with whom it was attempted. The same two subjects were exposed to a procedure involving reinforcement of non-self-injurious behavior which was ineffective under no food deprivation and was effective with one of the two subjects under mild food deprivation. Electric-shock punishment eliminated the self-injurious behaviors of all four subjects with whom it was attempted. The results suggested that punishment was more effective than differential reinforcement of non-self-injurious behavior which, in turn, was more effective than extinction through elimination of social consequences. However, the effects of the punishment were usually specific to the setting in which it was administered. In order to eliminate the self-injurious behaviors of severely retarded children, it is apparently necessary to carry out the treatment in many of the settings in which it occurs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1973

Increasing mentally retarded adolescents' verbalizations about current events.

The effects of antecedent and consequent events on the verbal behavior of three institutionalized mentally retarded adolescents were examined. Verbal statements, related to current national and international events, were recorded after exposures to television news programs. The study examined the accuracy of verbalizations as a function of: (1) exposures to television news presentations in massed (i.e., viewing the entire news program before an opportunity to describe it) versus distributed from (i.e., viewing each news item separately with each followed by an opportunity to describe it), and (2) contingent tokens and social praise for correct verbal responses (i.e., statements corresponding to news items presented). Both the temporal distribution of news presentations and the reinforcement procedures improved the accuracy of verbal statements emitted by the subjects.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Family functioning in families with older institutionalized retarded offspring.

Psychological distress, marital satisfaction, family adaptability, and cohesion are explored in 31 families with mentally retarded (MR) institutionalized offspring (late adolescence and young adulthood) and 38 comparison families. Multivariate analyses indicate no differences between the groups, although univariate analyses point to higher levels of cohesion in the families with MR offspring and the importance of the construct of adaptability in understanding family functioning. The results are discussed in terms of the adaptive coping mechanisms of the families with MR offspring and the implications of this for intervention, research, and policy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2004

[Drug use prevalence at FEBEM, Porto Alegre].

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of drug use among institutionalized children and adolescents; to assess the degree of associated use of illicit drugs with alcohol and tobacco; and to determine which is the gateway drug to illicit drug use. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Fundação Estadual do Bem-Estar do Menor, in Porto Alegre (FEBEM) Southern Brazil. A questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization to determine prevalence off drug use was answered anonymously by a population of literate minors who were in FEBEM because of delinquency or due to social risk. The analysis aimed to describe the frequency of use of each drug and relate it to gender, age of beginning, and reason of institutionalization. RESULTS: A total of 382 participants answered the questionnaire. The substances most frequently used on an experimental basis were: alcohol (81,3%), tobacco (76,8%), marijuana (69,2%), cocaine (54,6%), inhalants (49,2%), anxiolytic drugs (13,4%), hallucinogens (8,4%), amphetamines (6,5%) and barbiturates (2,4%). Overall, around 80% of the respondents reported having used some illicit drug at least once in the past. Licit drugs, like alcohol and tobacco, were used mainly by males, while medicines were used mostly by females. Adolescents with delinquency records showed a significantly higher frequency of alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and solvent use. The mean age of beginning was under 12 years for alcohol and tobacco use, under 13 years for marijuana and inhalants, and under 14 years for cocaine. Concomitant use of illicit and licit drugs was found to be high in this population. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of precocious drug use was found among institutionalized children and adolescent, with alcohol and tobacco being used earlier than illicit drugs. Delinquent males were more likely to have used illicit drugs.

Adolescent↗