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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

A new porcine model of reperfusion injury after lung transplantation.

Rodent models have been described to investigate lung preservation and reperfusion injury but have significant disadvantages. In large animals single lung transplant studies are probably optimal but problems remain over the ability to rigorously separate the lungs for assessment while promoting medium to long-term animal survival for meaningful investigation. Our aim was to develop a novel and refined large animal model to assess reperfusion injury in the transplanted lung, overcoming the difficulties associated with existing models. Specifically, small animal models of lung transplantation usually have short perfusion times (often one hour) and include extracorporeal circuits while larger animal models often require the contralateral lung to be excluded after transplantation-an unphysiological situation under which to evaluate the graft. A porcine model of left lung allotransplantation was developed in which native and donor lungs are individually ventilated. Sampling catheters placed within the graft lung allowed specimen withdrawal without mixing of blood from the contralateral lung after reimplantation. The model permits a variety of clinical scenarios to be simulated with the native lung supporting the animal irrespective of function in the graft. This model has been used in over 60 transplant procedures with a postoperative survival time of 12 h being readily achieved. The mean operating time was 2.6 h. The mortality rate is 4% in our series. We have found the model to be reliable, reproducible and flexible. We propose this model as an adaptable investigation for evaluating lung reperfusion injury and preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Chemical anesthesia of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris): results of past field studies.

Between 1987 and 1997, we chemically immobilized 597 wild sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in Alaska for the collection of biological samples or for surgical instrumentation. One drug-related sea otter fatality occurred during this time. Fentanyl in combination with diazepam produced consistent, smooth inductions with minimal need for supplemental anesthetics during procedures lasting 30-40 min. Antagonism with naltrexone or naloxone was rapid and complete, although we observed narcotic recycling in sea otters treated with naloxone. For surgical procedures, we recommend a fentanyl target dose of 0.33 mg/kg of body mass and diazepam at 0.11 mg/kg. For nonsurgical biological sample collection procedures, we recommend fentanyl at 0.22 mg/kg and diazepam at 0.07 mg/kg. We advise the use of the opioid antagonist naltrexone at a ratio of 2:1 to the total fentanyl administered during processing.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1993

Effect of preslaughter anesthesia on muscle metabolism and meat quality of pigs of different halothane genotypes.

Pigs of different halothane genotypes were anesthetized 45 min before slaughter. During the period of anesthesia blood samples and muscle biopsy samples were taken to investigate muscle energy metabolism by measuring different metabolites. After exsanguination, the same metabolites and some meat quality characteristics were determined. Minimal differences in resting muscle metabolism seemed to exist between the halothane genotypes. Some significant differences in ante- and postmortem metabolism were found, particularly in creatine and lactate concentrations, but these were not reflected in ultimate meat quality. None of the pigs showed PSE meat and there were no differences in muscle pH and temperature at 45 min and 18 h postmortem. However, rigor, drip loss, and color still showed a significant genotype effect. It was concluded that due to the method of anesthesia there were no differences in muscle metabolism at the moment of slaughter. This may have led to a more uniform ultimate meat quality between pigs differing in their genetic susceptibility toward stress. There were differences in color and drip loss between the halothane genotypes that cannot be explained by differences in pH and carcass temperature at 45 min postmortem.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

[A contribution on splenectomy in swine].

Splenectomy as a diagnostic operation has gained great importance for discovering latent infection with Eperythrozoon suis. The surgical technique is described. A specially developed thread ligature guide for the ligature of the A. and V. lienalis at the dorsal pole of the spleen is presented, that allows exact setting of the ligature. For maintaining deep anaesthesia the hypnotic Etomidat is applicated by permanent infusion.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗