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Results for “BREATHING EXERCISES”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2007

Effect of device-guided breathing exercises on blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), it is hard to reach treatment objectives for blood pressure (BP) with classical treatment options. Recently, reducing breathing frequency has been advocated as a method to reduce BP. We examined if an electronic device such as Resperate, by reducing breathing frequency, would lead to BP reduction in a population of patients with DM2 and hypertension. Our secondary objective was to study the effect of this device on quality of life (QOL). METHODS: A randomized, single-blind, controlled trial was conducted over a period of 8 weeks to evaluate the effect of this therapy on BP and QOL. The control group listened to music and used no other therapeutic device. BP and QOL changes were studied in 30 patients with DM2 and hypertension. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in change in BP between groups; -7.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) -12.7, -2.3]/-1.0 (95% CI -5.5, 3.6) mmHg in the intervention group and -12.2 (95% CI -17.4, -7.0)/-5.5 (95% CI -9.7, -1.4) mmHg in the control group. Whether or not the target breathing frequency of 10 breaths/min was reached did not affect BP. There were no significant changes in QOL. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of Resperate on BP and QOL were not significantly different from those found in the control group. Furthermore, 40% of patients did not reach the target breathing frequency, making this device less suitable for clinical practice in patients with DM2.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1976

Myofeedback: a new method of teaching breathing exercises in emphysematous patients.

The diaphragm of the emphysematous patient is low and limited in its excursions, producing an increased functional residual capacity and decreased pulmonary ventilation. This report describes our experiences with a new technique for 1) the training of abdominal-diaphragmatic (A-D) breathing and 2) the relaxation of accessory respiratory muscles in emphysematous patients. Abdominal muscle contraction during expiration has been shown to increase diaphragmatic excursions and, hence, pulmonary ventilation. Use of this technique has been limited, however, because of the difficulty in learning this breathing pattern. Through continuous audio and visual feedback of myoelectric potentials (myofeedback) from abdominal muscles, 12 patients learned A-D breathing. The lower rectus abdominis muscle was found to be the most suitable muscle for obtaining the myoelectric potentials. Similarly, by providing the patients with myofeedback from their accessory muscles, they decreased the use of these muscles, thus increasing their respiratory efficiency. With myofeedback, patients appear to learn new breathing patterns effectively and in fewer sessions than with conventional procedures.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1986

Providing resistive breathing exercise to the inspiratory muscles using the PFLEX device. Suggestion from the field.

This report describes a 6-step process for prescribing resistive inspiratory exercise using the PFLEX device, which is an inexpensive and effective method of enhancing the performance of the vital muscles of respiration. Until further clinical validation of minimal threshold guidelines for prescribing PEPs is achieved, the clinical judgment of the physical therapist remains the most important element in the prescription process.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

High-intensity intermittent running training improves pulmonary function and alters exercise breathing pattern in children.

We investigated the effects of short duration running training on resting and exercise lung function in healthy prepubescent children. One trained group (TrG) (n = 9; three girls and six boys; age = 9.7 +/- 0.9 year) participated in 8 weeks of high-intensity intermittent running training and was compared to a control group (ContG) (n = 9; four girls and five boys; age = 10.3 +/- 0.7 year). Before and after the 8-week period, the children performed pulmonary function tests and an incremental exercise test on a cycle ergometer. After the 8-week period, no change was found in pulmonary function in ContG. Conversely, an increase in forced vital capacity (FVC) (+7 +/- 4% ; P = 0.026), forced expiratory volume in one second (+11 +/- 6% ; P = 0.025), peak expiratory flows (+17 +/- 4% ; P = 0.005), maximal expiratory flows at 50% (+16 +/- 10% ; P = 0.019) and 75% (+15 +/- 8% ; P = 0.006) of FVC were reported in TrG. At peak exercise, TrG displayed higher values of peak oxygen consumption (+15 +/- 4% ; P < 0.001), minute ventilation (+16 +/- 5% ; P = 0.033) and tidal volume (+15 +/- 5% ; P = 0.019) after training. At sub-maximal exercise, ventilatory response to exercise DeltaV(E)/DeltaV(CO(2)) was lower (P = 0.017) in TrG after training, associated with reduced end-tidal partial oxygen pressure (P < 0.05) and higher end-tidal partial carbon dioxide pressure (P = 0.026). Lower deadspace volume relative to tidal volume was found at each stage of exercise in TrG after training (P < 0.05). Eight weeks of high-intensity intermittent running training enhanced resting pulmonary function and led to deeper exercise ventilation reflecting a better effectiveness in prepubescent children.

Child↗
PubMed1994

The role of the carotid chemoreceptors in the control of breathing during exercise.

Our objective was to gain insight into the role of the carotid chemoreceptors (CC) in the exercise hyperpnea. Humans and ponies were studied at rest and during submaximal exercise breathing room air. In healthy humans, alveolar ventilation (VA) was tightly matched to CO2 production (CO2) resulting in PaCO2 deviating during exercise less than 1-2 mm Hg from rest. In contrast, ponies' VA increased proportionately more than VCO2 during exercise resulting in a workload dependent hypocapnia. Attenuating CC activity through hyperoxia had no effect on exercise PaCO2 of humans but hyperoxia accentuated the exercise hypocapnia of ponies. Similarly, CC denervation accentuated the exercise hypocapnia of ponies. Healthy humans were also studied while external airway resistance was increased, which, while breathing room air, resulted in a workload dependent hypercapnia, and this hypercapnia was accentuated by hyperoxia. Finally, a majority of asthmatic humans studied were hypercapnic during exercise while breathing room air and the hypercapnia was accentuated by hyperoxia. We conclude that the CC do not provide a primary drive for the exercise hyperpnea but they "fine tune" VA to minimize disruptions of arterial blood gases. In healthy humans, attenuating CC activity has no effect on PaCO2 because the primary VA drive is closely matched to VCO2.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The pattern of breathing during hypoxic exercise.

Breathing pattern was studied in six subjects in normoxia (FIO2 = 0.21) and hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.12) at rest and during incremental work-rate exercise. Ventilation (V) as well as mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI) increased with exercise intensity and were augmented in the hypoxic environment, whereas the ratio between inspiratory (TI) and total (Ttot) breath durations increased with exercise intensity but was unaffected by hypoxia. The relationship of tidal volume (VT) and inspiratory time duration (TI) showed linear, coinciding ranges for the normoxic and hypoxic conditions up to VT/TI values of about 2.5 1.s-1. At higher VT/TI values TI continued to decrease, whereas VT tended to level off, an effect which was more evident in the hypoxic condition. The results suggest that the hypoxic augmentation of exercise hyperpnea is primarily brought about by an enhancement of central inspiratory drive, the timing component being largely unaffected by the hypoxic environment, and that at low to moderate levels of exercise hyperpnea inspiratory off-switch mechanisms are essentially unaffected by moderate hypoxia.

Adult↗