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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

HAMLET kills tumor cells by apoptosis: structure, cellular mechanisms, and therapy.

New cancer treatments should aim to destroy tumor cells without disturbing normal tissue. HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) offers a new molecular approach to solving this problem, because it induces apoptosis in tumor cells but leaves normal differentiated cells unaffected. After partial unfolding and binding to oleic acid, alpha-lactalbumin forms the HAMLET complex, which enters tumor cells and freezes their metabolic machinery. The cells proceed to fragment their DNA, and they disintegrate with apoptosis-like characteristics. HAMLET kills a wide range of malignant cells in vitro and maintains this activity in vivo in patients with skin papillomas. In addition, HAMLET has striking effects on human glioblastomas in a rat xenograft model. After convection-enhanced delivery, HAMLET diffuses throughout the brain, selectively killing tumor cells and controlling tumor progression without apparent tissue toxicity. HAMLET thus shows great promise as a new therapeutic with the advantage of selectivity for tumor cells and lack of toxicity.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
PubMed2001

Self-propulsion of cellular structures in chemically reacting mixtures.

An alternative model of phase-separating reactive mixtures is proposed. In this model both phase separation and chemical reactions simultaneously take place and a traveling coherent structure can be formed through a Hopf bifurcation at a finite wave number. Numerical simulations show that, depending on the parameters, either lamellar or hexagonal structures travel at constant speeds in two-dimensional systems.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Damage spreading in two-dimensional trivalent cellular structures with competing Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics.

The damage spreading of the Ising model on several two-dimensional trivalent structures, including soap froth, Voronoi, and hierarchical structures, are studied with competing Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics. The damage spreading transition temperature T(d) and the Curie temperature T(C) of these structures are compared. We find that T(d) of the hierarchical lattices decreases sharply as the probability of occurrence of Kawasaki dynamics increases, whereas for soap froth and Voronoi, T(d) for the Voronoi and soap froth remain nearly unchanged except when the dynamics is dominated by Kawasaki dynamics. T(d) and T(C) in our two-dimensional structures are nearly the same and they behave similarly as we change the relative probability of occurrence of the Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics. A heuristic argument is provided to explain the numerical results.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Precambrian sponges with cellular structures

Sponge remains have been identified in the Early Vendian Doushantuo phosphate deposit in central Guizhou (South China), which has an age of approximately 580 million years ago. Their skeletons consist of siliceous, monaxonal spicules. All are referred to as the Porifera, class Demospongiae. Preserved soft tissues include the epidermis, porocytes, amoebocytes, sclerocytes, and spongocoel. Among thousands of metazoan embryos is a parenchymella-type of sponge larvae having a shoe-shaped morphology and dense peripheral flagella. The presence of possible amphiblastula larva suggests that the calcareous sponges may have an extended history in the Late Precambrian. The fauna indicates that animals lived 40 to 50 million years before the Cambrian Explosion.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

The cellular structure of bronchial carcinoids.

A histological and electronmicroscopic study of bronchial carcinoids indicated that these tumours are argyrophilic in keeping with their occurrence in tissue of embryologically foregut origin. Normal bronchi contain cells that resemble, in their electronmicroscopic content, intestinal Kultschitzky-type cells. Characteristic of the carcinoid cell is the presence of intracellular neurosecretory granules seen on electronmicroscopy despite the apparent absence of argentaffin granules under light microscopy.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗