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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Computed tomography in evaluation of patients with ovarian carcinoma in complete clinical remission. Correlation with surgical-pathologic findings.

Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis was performed in 47 patients who were in complete clinical remission from ovarian carcinoma. Results of CT were correlated with surgical-pathologic findings at surgical reexploration. Overall, CT had a sensitivity of 0.32, specificity of 0.77, positive predictive value of 0.79, and negative predictive value of 0.30. Accuracy of CT did not vary by intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal site studied. Computed tomography detected only 7% of tumor nodules 1 cm or less in diameter and only 37% of nodules over 1 cm in diameter. The utility of CT in this clinical setting was limited to approximately 20% of patients with true-positive CT findings who might have been saved surgical reexploration. Due to a high false-negative rate, a normal CT cannot replace a second-look laparotomy for accurate assessment of disease status.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed2005

Small carcinoma of the pancreas is curable: new computed tomography finding, pathological study and postoperative results from a single institute.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that pancreatic cancer is rarely cured and is usually fatal. The clinicopathological features of small (greatest dimension < or = 2 cm by histologic measurement) carcinoma of the pancreas (s-PC), were reviewed, paying special attention to new computed tomography (CT) finding that suggests the presence of s-PC. METHODOLOGY: Sixteen patients with s-PC have undergone curative surgery at Aichi Cancer Center Hospital during the past 11 years. Their preoperative diagnostic findings, pathological findings and postoperative prognoses were analyzed. RESULTS: The most useful diagnostic clue was dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (MPD). It was difficult to identify the tumor in four patients because of pancreatitis accompanying the MPD obstruction. In three of these four cases, early phase-enhanced CT revealed a contrasting effect between the proximal and distal sides of the pancreatic parenchyma at the site of the MPD obstruction (black & white sign). The longest diameters of the tumors ranged from 0.9 to 2 cm (average 1.3 cm). Positive rates of capsular invasion, retroperitoneal invasion, and lymph node metastasis were 6.3% (1/16), 31.3% (5/16), and 18.8% (3/16), respectively. Six patients (37.5%) were classed at stage I, six (37.5%) stage II, three (18.8%) stage III, and one (6.2%) at stage IV according to pathological TNM classification. One patient died of the disease, and the cumulative 3- and 5-year survival rates were 88.9% and 59.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of s-PC qualifies as early PC and has a good prognosis. The CT black + white sign will be useful in the diagnosis of s-PC accompanying pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

High-resolution computed tomography and pathologic findings in pulmonary aspergillosis: a pictorial essay.

Aspergillus can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary complications. It may colonize pre-existing cavities to form mycetomas. In asthmatic patients it may lead to a hypersensitivity reaction involving eosinophilic infiltration of the bronchial wall and mucoid impaction (a condition called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) or granulomatous inflammation (bronchocentric granulomatosis). In the immunocompromised host, Aspergillus may invade blood vessels, causing hemorrhagic infarction (angioinvasive aspergillosis), or it may cause tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis or pneumonia (airway invasive aspergillosis), as well as abscess formation with or without adjacent tissue invasion. Each of the manifestations of Aspergillus infection has a distinct histologic and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) appearance. This pictorial essay reviews the characteristic high-resolution CT and corresponding pathologic findings of pulmonary complications due to Aspergillus fumigatus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Brachial plexus: anatomic, radiologic, and pathologic correlation using computed tomography.

Computed tomographic (CT) anatomy of the normal brachial plexus was analyzed in 50 patients with nonneurologic disease. Identification of anatomic structures on the CT images was facilitated by comparison with cadaver cross sections. Ten patients with clinical brachial plexopathy were also examined. Of these 10 patients, 7 demonstrated lesions of the brachial plexus. Computed tomographic examination of the brachial plexus is useful in detecting mass lesions of the plexus and may allow earlier diagnosis and specific therapy. Whether CT will be reliable in distinguishing idiopathic brachial plexopathy from the plexopathy associated with pathological lesions awaits further study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis: computed tomography and pathologic findings.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the CT findings and corresponding pathological findings of necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the high-resolution CT and macroscopic and histologic findings in three pathologically proven cases of NSG. RESULTS: The CT findings consisted of one case each with single nodule, multiple nodules, and parenchymal opacification. The abnormalities were peribronchovascular or subpleural in distribution. Histologically, all patients had sarcoid-like granulomas with central necrosis and granulomatous vasculitis. The CT findings correlated closely with the gross pathologic findings. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the CT manifestations of NSG reflect the variable macroscopic pathologic findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Disease activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: CT and pathologic correlation.

Computed tomography (CT) scans were compared with pathologic determinants of disease activity in 12 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The theory was that intraalveolar and interstitial cellularity would result in areas of opacification of air spaces on CT scans. All patients underwent open lung biopsy, and disease activity was assessed with a pathologic grading system. Seven patients had mild disease activity, five had moderate to marked disease activity. Opacification of air spaces was patchy in distribution, predominantly peripheral, and seen better on 1.5-mm rather than 10-mm collimation scans. Disease activity on CT scans was graded independently from 0 to 3 based on the presence and relative density of the areas of air space consolidation compared with the surrounding parenchyma. The pathologic score was significantly greater in the patients with high CT scores than in those with low CT scores (P = .001). Five patients with marked disease activity and five of seven patients with mild disease activity were correctly identified. CT may be useful in the assessment of disease activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pathological evaluation of computed tomography images of lungs.

A method is described which allows the features seen in images generated during computed tomography (CT) of lungs previously removed at necropsy to be compared with those seen in corresponding thin sections made from the same lungs. After removal from the body, lungs were inflation-fixed using warm formalin vapour before being x-rayed and then scanned in the inflated state. Slices corresponding to the CT scan images were made and x-rayed. Paper mounted sections were then prepared from each slice. Using these methods pathological correlative studies can be used both to validate the interpretation of CT scans of lungs and to assess the sensitivity of this imaging technique.

Bronchiectasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Follow-up pathology of cranial computed tomography: pitfalls in clinical-radiological evaluation.

Interpretation of cranial computed tomography in five patients and angiography in one of these patients contributed significantly to primary clinical diagnoses and management; however, the diagnoses were incorrect. The lesions in the radiographic studies were correlated with classical clinical findings. Associated and generally unappreciated clinical or radiographic findings also were present and could have lead to reconsideration of at least some of the primary diagnoses. The unusual or unique presentations resulting in underdiagnosis or overdiagnosis lead to nonbeneficial or improper care. Cerebrovascular and infectious diseases found in most of these cases are recognized as common areas of diagnostic difficulty by previous and present follow-up pathological studies.

Adult↗