Working smart. Avoid computerization pitfalls.
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Full integration of nursing informatics education at all levels at academic institutions and in practice is critical to nursing as the profession faces the 21st century. Nursing informatics, which encompasses computer hardware, software, and network systems, supports the profession's goals of achieving computer literacy by the year 2000. Strategies for successful integration of nursing informatics into curricula are identified, and specific tactics that promote desired outcomes suggested. The benefits that nursing informatics brings to education, administration, research, and practice are stated and the role of professional nursing organizations in promoting nursing informatics' status as a recognized nursing specialty is noted, and the specialty's role in promoting the profession's future development described.
The ability of hospitals to fulfil their roles--of information processing and dissemination, and of quality patient care provider--is influenced by the availability of supporting information systems. Using computers in wards, which is a change process, introduces new working practices accompanied by attitudinal and knowledge alterations in the users. This paper suggests that as a practical approach users need to be consulted and assessed prior to the introduction of computers in their work places. A questionnaire survey, the main purpose of which was to determine the potential users' responses and to measure their computer competencies, was sent to 183 nursing staff in several hospitals. Results show that the respondents have slightly positive attitudes towards computers even though 85% of them were computer illiterate. A training strategy is needed to increase competencies and to develop more favourable attitudes, which can be monitored using four training indicators.
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The University of Colorado Health Sciences Center School of Medicine has developed a course to teach business and management concepts to medical students, house-staff, and residents to enable young physicians to better understand and cope with the changing socioeconomic environment confronting medicine. An extracurricular course was developed to include an overview of the current health provider system, an introduction to medical marketing, financial management, computer literacy, and lifestyle choices.
Computers are now essential technology in use by health workers. The literature shows that a number of factors effect the use of computers and many of them are related to attitude towards automation. Computer experience has been mostly used as a factor that effects computer attitude and its relationship with computer anxiety and computer use is not simple. Survey data from a study of 302 health workers, employed in a community setting was used to model the prediction of intention to use computers. The final model shows that 'positive computer experience' had a significant effect on computer attitude, computer anxiety and intention to use computers (both directly and indirectly). The model also confirms that those with a positive attitude towards computers had stronger intention to use computers. The value of these findings to health organisations in implementing automated systems is discussed.
Preliminary research in the development and use of computerized clinical log records began in 1987 in an allied health college at a midwestern academic health center. This article reviews development and implementation of a computerized system for managing clinical log records to improve and enhance allied health educational programs in the radiation sciences. These clinical log databases are used for quantitative and qualitative analyses of student participation in clinical procedures, and educational planning for each student. Collecting and recording data from clinical log records serves as a valuable instructional tool for students, with both clinical and didactic applications.
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