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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dissociative and conversion disorders: defining boundaries.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although dissociative disorders have been described and diagnosed for some time, their aetiology, pathogenesis, phenomenology and management continues to arouse debate. It is only in recent times that researchers have made some progress by integrating trauma related theories with more contemporary cognitive theories and neurobiology. RECENT FINDINGS: Dissociation as a phenomenon is reported to occur in a variety of disorders. This widespread occurrence has contributed to a better understanding of dissociation. An expansion of this concept may have contributed to the loss of its original significance. Recent studies in the field of dissociation that pertain to its aetiology, pathophysiology, neurobiology and management are critically reviewed. SUMMARY: Dissociative disorder is conceptually a difficult disorder to study. Apart from exposure to trauma, certain primary personality attributes may contribute to the propensity to develop dissociative disorder. Recent advances in functional neuroimaging facilitated by enhanced knowledge in the neural representation of body state have helped to improve our understanding of dissociation. There is confusion over the use of various terms such as sexual abuse and physical abuse in explaining causality. Current classificatory systems have not been found suitable when applied across cultures. In spite of all of these limitations, there has been recent progress toward a better understanding of dissociative disorders.

Conversion Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the reversal of motor conversion disorder.

BACKGROUND: There is no agreement on the most effective therapy for motor conversion symptoms. Functional electric stimulation has been successfully used to reverse conversion paralysis. We tested the therapeutic potential of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in a 20-year-old patient suffering from a conversion paralysis of the right arm. METHOD: rTMS was applied to the contralateral motor cortex. Stimulations were performed on working days at a frequency of 15 Hz (train length 2 s; inter-train interval 4 s) yielding 4,000 pulses/day. RESULTS: Within 12 weeks, motor function, hyposensibility and muscle bulk were completely restored. CONCLUSIONS: The patient recovered completely during rTMS treatment. In addition to possible psychological effects, rTMS may have had a causal therapeutic effect by strengthening corticocortical connections and thereby priming voluntary movements. Further controlled studies are needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inpatient treatment of conversion disorder: a clinical investigation of outcome.

In a retrospective survey, a group of 220 patients with conversion symptoms was subdivided according to clinical findings at the time of discharge. The longer the duration of the symptom and the older the patient, the less was the beneficial effect of treatment. One particular problem with therapy for conversion symptoms lies in the fact that, in his own eyes, the patient is not psychologically ill, but physically ill. Time and again, it proved a therapeutic blind alley to try and convince the patient that the cause of his conversion symptoms was 'purely psychological'. Special guidelines for therapy of conversion symptoms are derived.

Adult↗