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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The Hollywood surgical-audit programme: a computer-based discharge and data-collection system for surgical audit.

This article describes the development of a computer-based system for the prospective collection of data for surgical audit and peer review with the generation of a surgical discharge letter. The software has been developed for an IBM personal computer and is suitable for any compatible computer. The system has potential advantages for teaching hospitals as it enables patients to obtain a definitive discharge letter on their discharge from hospital. It is also of potential benefit to surgeons who wish to collect clinical data and to audit the quality of their surgical practice.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automated data collection and analysis system for MOSFET radiation detectors.

Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET) have been used as radiation dosimeters. Because of their small detector size, minimal power requirements, and signal integration characteristics, they offer unique possibilities as real-time dose monitors in radiotherapy. An automated data collection and analysis system for use with MOSFET radiation dosimeters has been designed and built. The objective was to design a system which can acquire and process the MOSFET signals in real time, in any radiation field encountered in radiotherapy. In particular, major problems have been solved arising from the intrinsic drifts of the MOSFET signal during low dose rate measurements. These signal drifts are significant when the MOSFET detector is used in applications such as on-line monitoring of radiation dose delivery in brachytherapy or radioimmunotherapy. The data collection and analysis system includes a portable IBM-compatible personal computer fitted with digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converter boards. A single-chip programmable current supply is used to power the MOSFET dosimeters. Intrinsic and extrinsic drifts in signal due to ion diffusion and electron tunneling are corrected by deconvolution of the collected data in real time or after data collection. The data acquisition system and signal-processing methodologies are described.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1999

Out-of-hospital violence injury surveillance: quality of data collection.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The recognized need to improve data collection for violence prevention may be met, in part, by using out-of-hospital data for injury surveillance. The purpose of the Prehospital Violence Injury Surveillance project was to examine the extent to which paramedics can adequately collect information about injuries, particularly intentional injuries, at emergency scenes. METHODS: Paramedics in a large Midwestern metropolitan area were trained to assess violence-related events and collect relevant data using a modified ambulance run report form. Data collected from 8 violence-related training scenarios and from 13 ride-along observations were analyzed to estimate paramedic interrater reliability using the kappa statistic. Data from 7,363 run report forms, filed during a 3-month study period, were abstracted and analyzed for completeness and quality. RESULTS: Paramedics demonstrated fair to good, and sometimes excellent, interrater agreement when documenting the training scenarios. Paramedics revealed barriers to collecting violence-related out-of-hospital data. The paramedics and the observer disagreed in documenting 77% of the ride-along observations. Overall, 73% of abstracted run report forms showed documentation errors, with more than 99% of these reports containing errors of omission and 29% showing internal documentation inconsistencies. Despite the emphasis on violence-related data, documentation of domestic abuse screening was missing from more than 99% of run reports from female patients. CONCLUSION: Significant barriers to quality out-of-hospital data collection were identified during study implementation and in abstracted run reports. These barriers included the following: lack of organizational support; characteristics of the violence-related data elements; design of the ambulance run report form; and paramedic knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding data collection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Collecting data in the operating department: issues in observational methodology.

The UK literature contains few references to nursing in the operating department and even fewer to methods for researching nursing in what is often a complex and stressful environment. Nursing staff work under intense pressure and this presents a challenge, not only for nurses who work in the operating department, but also for researchers who choose to study nursing within its bounds. This paper focuses on some of the key issues which emerged during one study of nursing in the operating department where an observational methodology was used. The author suggests that observation, as a research method, is an important feature of contextual investigation. However, like other methods of investigation, it requires careful planning and preparation. Furthermore, the author believes that sensitivity and skill are required for the enactment of the observer role when researching nursing within this specialized environment.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2000

Integrating OASIS data collection into a comprehensive assessment.

OASIS should not be used as a survey tool; rather, it should be integrated into a comprehensive assessment. It is almost never appropriate to simply read OASIS questions verbatim to patients and expect them to name the letter of the response. This article provides strategies for collecting OASIS data as part of a routine patient comprehensive assessment.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1997

Use of the World Wide Web for multisite data collection.

As access to the Internet becomes increasingly available, research applications in medicine will increase. This paper describes the use of the Internet, and, more specifically, the World Wide Web (WWW), as a channel of communication between EDs throughout the world and investigators who are interested in facilitating the collection of data from multiple sites. Data entered into user-friendly electronic surveys can be transmitted over the Internet to a database located at the site of the study, rendering geographic separation less of a barrier to the conduction of multisite studies. The electronic format of the data can enable real-time statistical processing while data are stored using existing database technologies. In theory, automated processing of variables within such a database enables early identification of data trends. Methods of ensuring validity, security, and compliance are discussed.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2001

Measuring later health status of high risk infants: randomised comparison of two simple methods of data collection.

OBJECTIVE: To test two methods of providing low cost information on the later health status of survivors of neonatal intensive care. DESIGN: Cluster randomised comparison. SETTING: Nine hospitals distributed across two UK health regions. Each hospital was randomised to use one of two methods of follow up. PARTICIPANTS: All infants born </=32 weeks' gestation during 1997 in the study hospitals. METHOD: Families were recruited at the time of discharge. In one method of follow up families were asked to complete a questionnaire about their child's health at the age of 2 years (corrected for gestation). In the other method the children's progress was followed by clerks in the local community child health department by using sources of routine information. RESULTS: 236 infants were recruited to each method of follow up. Questionnaires were returned by 214 parents (91%; 95% confidence interval 84% to 97%) and 223 clerks (95%; 86% to 100%). Completed questionnaires were returned by 201 parents (85%; 76% to 94%) and 158 clerks (67%; 43% to 91%). Most parents found the forms easy to complete, but some had trouble understanding the concept of "corrected age" and hence when to return the form. Community clerks often had to rely on information that was out of date and difficult to interpret. CONCLUSION: Neither questionnaires from parents nor routinely collected health data are adequate methods of providing complete follow up data on children who were born preterm and required neonatal intensive care, though both methods show potential.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2000

Disease surveillance and data collection issues in epidemic modelling.

This paper is founded on a tutorial session given to the School on Modern Statistical Methods in Medical Research which was held at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste in September 1999. We review the aims, scope and purposes of infectious disease surveillance including determining transmission information to underpin model structure and parameterization in epidemic modelling. The practical problems inherent in collecting surveillance data are illustrated by a study of HIV/AIDS in Cambodia. We also review the basic elements of mathematical models developed to represent the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases, and discuss reasons for the gap between mathematical epidemic models and available data.

Cambodia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pilot data collecting exercise on stress and nursing students.

This article discusses the lessons learned from a small pilot study exploring the link between the working environment and occupational stress among groups of nursing students. A comparative descriptive design was adopted to examine, describe and compare the two variables (sources and frequency) in three groups of nursing students. The sample comprised 90 students from one large inner-city school of nursing in London. The Expanded Nursing Stress Scale questionnaires were used to collect the data. The main findings suggest that the adult, child and mental health branch students were similar with respect to overall frequency of occupational stress. Areas of commonality and variability in the sources of stress perceived by the three groups of students were identified. A pilot study is a crucial element of a good study design. Areas of concern, lessons learned and suggested refinements were identified.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

Eight essential steps for effective data collection and use.

Home care providers must now be accountable for quantified clinical information. Collecting such data and determining how to use them to improve performance may require a new mindset for many agencies, however. How should agencies approach this new requirement?

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed2004

Quality and reliability of data collected in a regional hospital intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the accuracy of the existing data collection system in an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: Prospective audit of data collection for APACHE II in a six-bedded general ICU in a region-al hospital for consecutive ICU admissions over a 12 month period. The existing resident medical officer (RMO) data collection system continued unaltered while concurrent collection of APACHE II data completed by one senior medical officer (SMO) was also performed. RMO-APACHE scores were compared to SMO-APACHE scores. RESULTS: The median (interquartile range) APACHE II scores were: 15 (9-21) for RMO data; 17 (12 - 22) for SMO data (p = 0.0001), with a mean difference (SD) of 4.2 (4.2) (p < 0.0001). A rapid survey of New Zealand ICU's indicated that only 4 of 11 APACHE II users employed substantial medical specialist involvement in APACHE II data collection and/or scrutiny prior to database entry. CONCLUSIONS: The existing APACHE II data collection is often imperfect and requires further attention as it is not yet reliable enough to allow for accurate SMR calculations, or for external use for comparative purposes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Feasibility study of a water safety data collection for beaches.

This study examined the feasibility of a methodology for collecting information on water safety on beaches. Previous work showed that lifeguards and lifesavers were unreliable data collectors as they often did not have time to devote to it. The aim of this study was to trial a data collection using dedicated data collectors. The results showed the water safety-related items that could be consistently reported, and those items that were not. Items relating to beach conditions that could be reported were: wave type, tide times, sea conditions, rips and weather and wind conditions. Items associated with rescues that could be reported were: sex, age group, activity before rescue, who performed the rescue, water depth, safety flag location, nearest rescue and rescue equipment. Data collectors could collect some data on an hourly basis especially: exact or best estimates of beach attendance, exact or best estimates of major rescues and rescues, wind direction and first aid used. Some items could not be collected consistently and their inclusion in data collections should be reviewed. These include: exact age, suburb, indigenous status and swimming ability. While the validity of the collected information was not able to be established, the feasibility study showed which items could be practically included in a water safety data collection, but that dedicated data collectors may be needed to maintain a safety data collection on busy or dangerous beaches. This approach together with data collection by water safety professionals at less busy times would be cost-effective.

Australia↗
PubMed2006

UCSF tomography: an integrated software suite for real-time electron microscopic tomographic data collection, alignment, and reconstruction.

A real-time alignment and reconstruction scheme for electron microscopic tomography (EMT) has been developed and integrated within our UCSF tomography data collection software. This newly integrated software suite provides full automation from data collection to real-time reconstruction by which the three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed volume is immediately made available at the end of each data collection. Real-time reconstruction is achieved by calculating a weighted back-projection on a small Linux cluster (five dual-processor compute nodes) concurrently with the UCSF tomography data collection running on the microscope's computer, and using the fiducial-marker free alignment data generated during the data collection process. The real-time reconstructed 3D volume provides users with immediate feedback to fully asses all aspects of the experiment ranging from sample choice, ice thickness, experimental parameters to the quality of specimen preparation. This information can be used to guide subsequent data collections. Access to the reconstruction is especially useful in low-dose cryo EMT where such information is very difficult to obtain due to extraordinary low signal to noise ratio in each 2D image. In our environment, we generally collect 2048 x 2048 pixel images which are subsequently computationally binned four-fold for the on-line reconstruction. Based upon experiments performed with thick and cryo specimens at various CCD magnifications (50000x-80000x), alignment accuracy is sufficient to support this reduced resolution but should be refined before calculating a full resolution reconstruction. The reduced resolution has proven to be quite adequate to assess sample quality, or to screen for the best data set for full-resolution reconstruction, significantly improving both productivity and efficiency of system resources. The total time from start of data collection to a final reconstructed volume (512 x 512 x 256 pixels) is about 50 min for a +/-70 degrees 2k x 2k pixel tilt series acquired at every 1 degrees.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1980

[How to put real medical records into computer? Data collection per notion].

Hospitals worldwide are faced with the enormous problem of storage and easy access to large volumes of information, especially that contained in medical records forms. The utilisation of the computer has raised great hopes in this field as well as certain fears. In all the attempts to automate the medical record, one is faced with the difficult problem of its introduction into the computer. After reviewing the techniques of the medical questionnaire and the transcription record with a meta-language, we then examine the reasons we have abandoned these two techniques. Data collection per notion is the result of practice and critical examination of one and the other method, for years ago. Data collection per notion is characterized by a "bursting" of the record as soon as it is collected. Data collection per notion only is a preparation stage for the next step: on-line data collection. The introduction of medical records into computer is not an end in itself; rather it is only the first step towards the more efficient utilisation of the information contained there in.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

Computer analysis of human esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter pressure. II. An interactive system for on-line data collection and analysis.

A computer program has been written to directly read and analyze esophageal manometric tracings on-line using low-cost off-the-shelf microcomputer hardware. The system consists of an Apple IIe microcomputer and an Interactive Microwave Inc. ADALAB Data Acquisition System with an AI13 fast A/D Multiplexer. The primary program is in BASIC with ASSEMBLY language subroutines for data collection. Data are collected through the voltage output of a Hewlett-Packard recorder at 30 points per second on four channels for lower esophageal sphincter pressures (LESP) and three channels for peristaltic waves. Computer-determined values for LESP and wave parameters showed excellent correlation with mean values as read by five individuals experienced in esophageal manometry.

Adult↗