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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Automatic query mapping among genomic databases: a pilot exploration.

As databases in the human genome project proliferate, it is important for users of one genomic database to identify similar or inconsistent data in other autonomously developed genomic databases. To do so, the user needs to issue the same query across multiple databases. We describe an approach that allows a query issued against one database to be automatically mapped to an equivalent query against another structurally different database. Our approach features two components: 1) a database designed to capture knowledge (metadata) that describes the correspondences among individual database components and 2) a module that utilizes the metadata to perform query mappings. As a demonstration, we apply our query mapping approach to two chromosome map databases (DB/12 and GDB).

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

Number of embryos for transfer after IVF and ICSI: a Cochrane review.

BACKGROUND: The most common complication of IVF is multiple pregnancy, which occurs in 25% of pregnancies following the transfer of two embryos. Single embryo transfer can minimize twin pregnancies but could also lower live birth rates. Our aim was to perform a systematic review of randomized trials to determine the effectiveness of single versus double embryo transfer. METHODS: Cochrane Collaboration review methods were followed. Randomized controlled trials comparing single and double embryo transfers were identified by searching Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane register of controlled trials. Contents of specialist journals and proceedings from meetings of relevant societies were hand searched. Data were pooled with Rev Man software using the Peto-modified Mantel-Hanzel method. RESULTS: Pooled results from four trials indicate that although double embryo transfer leads to a higher live birth rate per woman [odds ratio (OR) 1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.55] in a fresh IVF cycle, comparable results are obtained by subsequent transfer of a frozen embryo (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.87-1.62). The multiple pregnancy rate is significantly higher (OR 62.83, 95% CI 8.52-463.57) after double embryo transfer. CONCLUSIONS: Single embryo transfer significantly reduces the risk of multiple pregnancy, but also decreases the chance of live birth in a fresh IVF cycle. Subsequent replacement of a single frozen embryo achieves a live birth rate comparable with double embryo transfer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Contact Allergen Avoidance Program: a topical skin care product database.

Management of allergic contact dermatitis can be challenging for patients because of difficulties they encounter while attempting to avoid antigens identified by patch tests. The disorder is commonly caused by fragrances, preservatives, or other ingredients found in skin care products. After patch testing, the clinician routinely educates the patient on the sources of the antigens to which he or she is sensitive. Because typical allergen names are long, are difficult to spell, commonly have numerous complex synonyms, and are often frankly intimidating for patients, compliance with allergen avoidance is frequently problematic. We have developed a Contact Allergen Avoidance Program database tool that generates an extensive list of skin care products that are free of the given patient's allergens. It has been used clinically for 2 years to facilitate successful antigen avoidance and has been positively received by both patients and clinicians.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mapping abbreviations to full forms in biomedical articles.

OBJECTIVE: To develop methods that automatically map abbreviations to their full forms in biomedical articles. METHODS: The authors developed two methods of mapping defined and undefined abbreviations (defined abbreviations are paired with their full forms in the articles, whereas undefined ones are not). For defined abbreviations, they developed a set of pattern-matching rules to map an abbreviation to its full form and implemented the rules into a software program, AbbRE (for "abbreviation recognition and extraction"). Using the opinions of domain experts as a reference standard, they evaluated the recall and precision of AbbRE for defined abbreviations in ten biomedical articles randomly selected from the ten most frequently cited medical and biological journals. They also measured the percentage of undefined abbreviations in the same set of articles, and they investigated whether they could map undefined abbreviations to any of four public abbreviation databases (GenBank LocusLink, SWISSPROT, LRABR of the UMLS Specialist Lexicon, and BioABACUS). RESULTS: AbbRE had an average 0.70 recall and 0.95 precision for the defined abbreviations. The authors found that an average of 25 percent of abbreviations were defined in biomedical articles and that of a randomly selected subset of undefined abbreviations, 68 percent could be mapped to any of four abbreviation databases. They also found that many abbreviations are ambiguous (i.e., they map to more than one full form in abbreviation databases). CONCLUSION: AbbRE is efficient for mapping defined abbreviations. To couple AbbRE with abbreviation databases for the mapping of undefined abbreviations, not only exhaustive abbreviation databases but also a method to resolve the ambiguity of abbreviations in the databases are needed.

Abbreviations as Topic↗