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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Telemedicine and interventional cardiology].

Telemedicine is the use of telecommunications in medicine. Its aim is to "facilitate equal access to quality health care for all and everywhere". This exchange of information and experience with the transfer of know-how and knowledge has promoted three poles of development: interactive interdepartemental reunions ("telestaff meetings") for discussion of difficult cases and elaboration of common protocols: multisite continuous medical education and, finally, referral by teleconsultation using medical imaging, in the context of a decisional aid as to the necessity of transfer of a patient to a specialised hospital centre. In the latter context, a close collaboration has been established since 1996 between the regional hospital of Rodez in the Aveyron region and the University Hospital of Toulouse for cases of coronary artery disease and/or valvular heart disease. The coronary angiogrammes are sent by a digitized network at a high speed of 384 Kbits/sec, providing a quality of dynamic imaging which is adequate for validating a therapeutic decision. The patient is therefore at the centre of a network of heath care, the object of which is optimal diagnosis and management. The time dimension (duration of the teleconsultation) replaces the space dimension (distance that the patient has to go) and the teams involved progressively approach the concept of proximity, accessibility of the "hospital without walls" for specific and personalized management of each individual.

Cardiology↗

PubMed2004

[University qualifying work (dissertations), their current registration, electronic access and related technical, administrative and legal questions].

Many countries (USA, Australia, Canada, Latin America, Spain, France, SRN) have national or international systems (e.g. Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations--NDLTD), which openly (NDLTD) or commercially (University Microfilm International--UMI) present up to 50% of master dissertations and doctoral theses in a full text form. Such systems are in agreement with legal regulations of the given country and the author is the only holder of the work--of the dissertation. Authors are at the same time informed that dissertation represents a university document, which presents results of the given scientific community and it should be therefore distributed free of charge. Presentation is also the matter of honour of the author and his university. In the contemporary Czech Auctorial Law (No. 121/2000 Sb.) dissertation is considered as not fully defined "Educational work" and from the practical point the duration of necessary storage is not solved. For the contemporary worldwide conversion to electronically presented dissertations, the necessary technical and library standards has been prepared with the first positive experience. The supplement of the Auctorial and University Law appears to be necessary. It is inevitable to be prepared for that situation before the Czech Republic will join EU.

Academic Dissertations as Topic↗

PubMed1996

Computer-assisted systems for forensic pathology and forensic toxicology.

A computer software, RättsBASE (RB), was developed for all forensic pathology units in Sweden and introduced in 1992. Simultaneously, a corresponding software, ToxBASE (TB), was developed for the Department of Forensic Toxicology, where all forensic toxicology in Sweden is managed. Both of the databases were created using dBASE IV, and the programming was carried out according to specifications from the staff at the forensic toxicology and forensic pathology units. since the development or RB and TB was coordinated, the systems can run together smoothly. The purpose of both systems was to automate the offices and to enable compilation of detailed statistics. Installation of Novell Netware and ISDN-connections (Integrated Service Digital Network) has enabled rapid communication between the units and easy compilation of nationwide statistics of forensic pathology and forensic toxicology. the systems offer a wide spectrum of reports and include a simple module for evaluation of the importance of the forensic efforts for th whole death investigation. The configuration of the softwares has also enabled processing of a large amount of related toxicological and autopsy data that in turn has yielded a base for compilation of toxicology interpretation lists. This article includes a summary of the features of the software and a discussion of its benefits and limitations.

Autopsy↗

PubMed1995

[Hospital without borders--visions of telemedicine].

Transfer the expertise rather than the patient! With the help of a screen and a videocamera the general practitioner requiring expert help in diagnosis is able to consult the specialists directly via the broadband ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), and referrals complemented with audio-visual material can also be transmitted via the network. Modern telemedicine technology enables hospitals to be linked up, advanced information to be transmitted, interpreter services to be enlisted, and continuous postgraduate training to be developed. Thus, time and money can be saved, the patients given better and faster service, and the quality of health care enhanced.

Audiovisual Aids↗

PubMed1995

[Telepathology].

Telepathology, introduced in 1986 by Weinstein, was not adopted in Japan because its image could not be transmitted by the National Television Standard Committee (NTSC) transmission. In 1990 a new system of Hi-Vision (HDTV) with 1125 lines, was implemented in Yamagata University and was highly evaluated. This success was followed by new developments both in NTSC and HDTV telepathology systems. Real-time HDTV images are transmitted via optical fiber cables for in-house hospital operations. Static HDTV and NTSC images are transferred via integrated services digital network (64 Kbit/s and 1.5 Mbit/s). Today telepathology networks are extending all over the country.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1995

[VISIOPATH: system of telediagnosis and digital image processing].

VISIOPATH is a system that exploits the most recent techniques for digital processing of images. With performance tools, it can acquire and visualise images in 16 million colors on a high resolution screen. VISIOPATH has telediagnosis functions. It allows an exchange of medical images between doctors in real time or recorded. The "Digital Network with Integrated Services" (ISDN), from France Telecom which bring a way of communicating that is flexible and efficient, and allows an exchange of images, sound and data, with high quality and security. It brings to the specialists the means of a stricter interpretation, that is to say of a quicker and safer diagnosis. It can be adapted to other medical specialties.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1995

[The experimental study on teleradiology system using HDTV and ISDN].

A teleradiology system is very useful to transmit radiological images rapidly in a wide area as Hokkaido. But the conventional teleradiology systems have been limited by slow transmission rates of public telephone circuit and also by the poor quality of their images. We have developed and tested an experimental teleradiology system using integrated services digital network (ISDN) for the purpose of high-speed image transfer, and high-definition television (HDTV) for the purpose of high image quality. The images of CT, MRI and chest XP were taken with HDTV camera and compressed by personal computer. The compressed images were transmitted by ISDN within one minute. The qualities of CT images and MRI images using HDTV were very good. The total quality of the experimental system using ISDN and HDTV is acceptable.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic surgery teleconferencing.

Modern telecommunication allowing the transmission of digitalized voice and images through telephone lines has expanded to medicine. The Integrated Digital Network System (ISDN) can be used to transmit 128 kbit/sec (ISDN-2) to 2 Mbit/sec (ISDN-30). Together with smart compression techniques a teleconferencing system can be implemented to transmit images of an endoscopic operation. In this paper 2 such experiments are described. In the first experiment a laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed in the Netherlands is followed at the same time by surgeons in Hawaii through ISDN-2 lines. In the second experiment a laparoscopic hernia repair was followed in Orlando during a congress using ISDN-6 lines. The images sent over the ISDN-2 lines are rather blurry with rapid movement. The images over the ISDN-6 lines were more acceptable. Data compression and decompression results in a time delay of approximately 1 second, which seems not disturbing during the connection. The cost of communication is comparable to telephone communication, which makes this form of telecommunication feasible in surgical practice.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1997

[The robotization of neurosurgery: state of the art and future outlook].

Neurosurgery is by excellence a field of application for robots, based on multimodal image guidance. Specific motorized tools have been already developed and routinely applied in stereotaxy to position a probe holder or in conventional neurosurgery to hold a microscope oriented towards a given target. The potentialities of these approaches have triggered industrial developments currently commercially available. These systems use data bases, primarily coming from multimodal numerical images from X-ray radiology to magnetic resonance imaging. These spatially encoded data are transferred through digital networks to workstations where images can be processed and surgical procedures are preplanned, then transferred to the robotic systems to which they are connected. We have been using a stereotactic robot since 1989 and a microscope robot since 1995 in various surgical routine procedures. The future of these applications mainly rely on the technical progress in informatics, about image recognition to adapt the preplanning to the actual surgical situation, to correct brain shifts for instance, about image fusion, integrated knowledge such such as brain atlases, as well as virtual reality. The future developments, covering surgical procedure, research and teaching, will sure be far beyond our wildest expectations.

Forecasting↗

PubMed1998

Practising dermatology via telemedicine.

AIM: An interactive telemedicine service has been established between Taumarunui Hospital and the Department of Dermatology at Waikato Hospital. The first one hundred dermatological consultations were reviewed to see if the consultations were satisfactory for medical staff and patients. METHODS: A proprietary video conferencing system communicating via the Integrated Systems Digital Network was used to conduct dermatological consultations. Data were collected regarding waiting time, diagnosis and follow-up arrangements. Each patient was asked to complete a questionnaire after the consultation. RESULTS: Of these consultations, 83 were newly referred patients and the rest were follow-ups. The median waiting time for a new patient was 63 days. A variety of skin lesions (in 40 patients), inflammatory eruptions (31) and infections (13) were diagnosed and managed. Sixteen patients had to be seen at the base hospital for surgical treatment (7), face-to-face diagnosis (3), patch testing (3), a second opinion (2), or for personal reasons (1). The others were followed up locally. Savings in time and cost to patients were noted particularly. CONCLUSION: Only about 20% of consultations with new patients resulted in a further face-to-face appointment. The majority of patients found the telelink acceptable. The data supported the continuation and possible expansion of the dermatology telemedicine service. However, improved image quality is desirable.

Dermatology↗

PubMed2000

Digital echocardiographic communication using multivendor networked DICOM devices.

Digital acquisition, storage, and review of echocardiographic data are feasible in a multivendor networked DICOM environment. The authors' echocardiographic laboratory currently stores 120 studies per day using the ProSolv Echo Management System. Storage and retrieval is realized on standard computer hardware without the necessity for proprietary hardware solutions. DICOM storage has become more efficient as vendor solutions improve. Transmission rates over a 10/100 BT switched network are approximately 0.40 MB/s allowing a complete echo study (~40 MB) to be transferred to the server in approximately 1.5 minutes, however the ability to send data during a study has also been realized by one vendor.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1993

Digital image communication.

Networks for digital image communication are an essential prerequisite for picture archiving and communication systems (PACS). The scenario of a 'filmless' radiology is based on the assumption that complete sets of medical images can be transferred throughout the hospital without a noticeable delay even though digital images represent data volumes of a thousand-fold greater size than, for example, office documents. This paper deals with an in-depth analysis of the anticipated image communication requirements in a future PACS environment. It gives a survey of technologies for data communication with emphasis on the basic concepts of established local area networks (LAN) and their limiting factors with respect to the specific PACS demands. Likewise, a description of a network particularly developed to satisfy the users-to-be of PACS systems is included. Furthermore, this paper treats the connection of image data with patients' data, i.e. the interlinking of PACS and RIS/HIS structures. Another topic of interest is the extension of the PACS structure beyond the limits of the individual hospital (extramural PACS operation). Moreover, current standardization attempts are discussed here.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1999

Benchmark testing the Digital Imaging Network-Picture Archiving and Communications System proposal of the Department of Defense.

The Department of Defense issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for its next generation Picture Archiving and Communications System in January of 1997. The RFP was titled Digital Imaging Network-Picture Archiving and Communications System (DIN-PACS). Benchmark testing of the proposed vendors' systems occurred during the summer of 1997. This article highlights the methods for test material and test system organization, the major areas tested, and conduct of actual testing. Department of Defense and contract personnel wrote test procedures for benchmark testing based on the important features of the DIN-PACS Request for Proposal. Identical testing was performed with each vendor's system. The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard images used for the Benchmark Testing included all modalities. The images were verified as being DICOM standard compliant by the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Electronic Radiology Laboratory. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory prepared the Unix-based server for the DICOM images and operated it during testing. The server was loaded with the images and shipped to each vendor's facility for on-site testing. The Defense Supply Center, Philadelphia (DSCP), the Department of Defense agency managing the DIN-PACS contract, provided representatives at each vendor site to ensure all tests were performed equitably and without bias. Each vendor's system was evaluated in the following nine major areas: DICOM Compliance; System Storage and Archive of Images; Network Performance; Workstation Performance; Radiology Information System Performance; Composite Health Care System/Health Level 7 communications standard Interface Performance; Teleradiology Performance; Quality Control; and Failover Functionality. These major sections were subdivided into workable test procedures and were then scored. A combined score for each section was compiled from this data. The names of the involved vendors and the scoring for each is contract sensitive and therefore can not be discussed. All of the vendors that underwent the benchmark testing did well. There was no one vendor that was markedly superior or inferior. There was a typical bell shaped curve of abilities. Each vendor had their own strong points and weaknesses. A standardized benchmark protocol and testing system for PACS architectures would be of great value to all agencies planning to purchase a PACS. This added information would assure the purchased system meets the needed functional requirements as outlined by the purchasers PACS Request for Proposal.

Benchmarking↗

PubMed1998

Replacement of cinefilm with a digital archive and review network.

The replacement of cinefilm with digital cardiac angiography has accelerated significantly in recent years with the development and widespread adoption of the DICOM standard for interchange of procedure image data. While the acceptance of the Compact Disk-Recordable (CD-R) media has provided the opportunity for numerous laboratories to eliminate cinefilm in all its functions, the task is more complex for larger catheterization laboratories which require the use of high speed networks and automated libraries. The Cardiac Laboratory at the Mayo Clinic has implemented the final stages of a large-scale network and archive which meets a large institution's demanding requirements for access, speed, and storage for high volumes of digital cardiac angiographic images. Initial experience with the system demonstrates that this approach will be a successful one for the elimination of cinefilm and the employment of digital imaging and networking technology. In addition, direct access to digital image records will also facilitate the integration of image data with other clinical information acquired and stored in a digital format.

Cardiac Catheterization↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Digital image management: networking, display, and archiving.

The requirements for implementing a radiology imaging network are similar to those for local area networks now being designed for other purposes to manage large data films. A radiology department serving a 500-bed hospital generates about 927 megabytes of digitally formatted data per working day. These data are expected to be on line for the patient's hospitalization period. The retrieval rate of these data among the interactive diagnosis display stations requires data throughput rates of between 2 and 5 megabits per second. This throughput rate requires signaling rates of between 20 and 50 megabits per second. Analog hard-copy generation of the images on the network is required by the referring physician for selected images that support the consultation report. Digital laser recorders using paper may be quite satisfactory. Long-term archiving must be low in cost and requires a database scheme capable of managing more than a terabyte of image data. Radiology networks must be required to bridge with other hospital information systems.

Archives↗

PubMed1986

Digital image management: networking, display, and archiving.

Computers↗

PubMed2006

Integration of information technology, wireless networks, and personal digital assistants for triage and casualty.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a portable tool for use by first responders in documenting triage of victims in a mass casualty incident (MCI) more effectively. The tool presented in this study allows first responders to gather patients vital signs, injuries, and triage status in a prompt and accurate way, and enables first responders to wirelessly communicate vital health information throughout the entire care continuum. The architecture infrastructure for the portable device is called Triage and Casualty Informatics Technology (TACIT) and can expedite triage, transport and treatment procedures within an MCI. TACIT was developed by integrating handheld devices, wireless networks, global positioning system (GPS), digital cameras, and bar code scanners with customized triage software. Two MCI initial field trials verified that the TACIT software, battery life, data accuracy, and wireless transmission met the emergency response system requirements. Initial field trials also demonstrated robustness of operation, reduced triage collection time and improved collection accuracy. The TACIT system could work as an efficient prehospital response tool and platform.

Computers, Handheld↗

PubMed1993

An application of mapping neural networks and a digital signal processor for cochlear neuroprostheses.

Cochlear neuroprostheses strive to restore the sensation of hearing to patients with a profound sensorineural deafness. They exhibit a stimulation of the surviving auditory nerve neurons by electrical currents delivered through electrodes placed on or within the cochlea. The present article describes a new method for an efficient derivation of the required information from the incoming speech signal necessary for the implant stimulation. Also some realization aspects of the new approach are addressed. In the new strategy, a multilayer neural network is employed in the formant frequency estimation having some suitable speech signal descriptors as particular input signals. The proposed method allows us a fast formant frequency estimation necessary for the implant stimulation. With the developed strategy, the prosthesis can be adjusted to the environment which the patient is supposed to live in. Moreover, the neural network concept offers us an alternative for dealing with the areas of neural loss or "holes" in the frequency map of the patient's ear.

Cochlear Implants↗