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Results for “Directed Tissue Donation”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

High mortality among recipients of bought living-unrelated donor kidneys.

Between June, 1984, and May, 1988, 130 patients from three renal units in the United Arab Emirates and Oman went of their own accord to Bombay, where they bought, through brokers, kidneys from living unrelated Indian donors for US$2600-3300. 131 transplants were done, and the 122 patients who survived the perioperative period returned to their original renal units for follow-up. Altogether there were 25 deaths (16 before the end of 3 months, 4 in the next 3 months, and 4 more by the end of the first year), which gave a patient survival rate of 81.5% at 1 year. The patients who died had multiple complications, but infection was the commonest known cause of death. Patients were not properly instructed about their treatment, and little or no information was given to doctors following up the patients, criteria of suitability for transplantation were not strict, and patients were exposed to serious infections (including human immunodeficiency virus infection). In addition, the availability of living-donor programmes slows down attempts to establish cadaver-donor transplant programmes.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

Impact of donor and recipient sex and parity on outcomes of HLA-identical sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) may cure patients with hematologic malignancies, but it carries significant risks. Careful donor selection is an important component of the clinical transplantation decision-making process and includes evaluation of HLA typing and other criteria, the most controversial of which is parity. We examined the effect of donor sex and parity on outcomes of HLA-identical sibling SCT. Because the effect of recipient sex/parity has never been explicitly evaluated, we also analyzed the effect of recipient sex/parity on outcomes of transplantation. We found that (1) parous female donors result in an increased risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in all recipients, (2) the magnitude of this increased risk is similar in male and female recipients, and (3) nulliparous female donors increase the risk of chronic GVHD in male recipients to a degree comparable to that from parous donors. A decrease in the risk of relapse was not observed, and there was no effect on overall survival, acute GVHD, or transplant-related mortality. Recipient parity had no independent effect on any endpoint. Until the effects of pregnancy on the maternal immune system are better understood, it is appropriate whenever possible to avoid parous female donors and to choose male donors for male recipients in HLA-identical related donor SCT.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is the treatment of choice in the majority of young patients with advanced stages MDS if they have a suitable donor. Since outcome of transplantation is superior for patients with a low blast percentage, this supports the use of chemotherapy prior to transplantation in patients with high blast marrow infiltration. The allogeneic transplant procedure continues to carry a high treatment-related risk, but results have improved progressively over the years. The transplantation results using phenotypically matched voluntary unrelated donors have improved impressingly, mainly due to significantly reduced transplantation-related mortality rate. The upper age limit for transplantation has moved to 65-70 years after the introduction of reduced intensity conditioning regimens (RIC). The place of RIC remains to be determined also in older patients in view of the associated higher relapse risk. For patients lacking a suitable donor the choice is ambiguous. Although the number of reports on autologous stem cell transplantation is still limited, the outcome seems similar to allogeneicSCT with donors other than HLA-identical siblings. Further development of accurate prognostic classification systems will allow a risk-adapted strategy for an individual patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Risks, options, and informed consent for blood transfusion in elective surgery.

Blood banking is undergoing a period of significant change as a result of several concurrent issues. Blood-transmitted diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the alternatives to community-derived (homologous) blood such as autologous (patient's own) and designated (blood donor known to transfusion recipient) blood have had an impact on surgical transfusion practice. Many of these issues comprise the medicolegal elements of informed consent for elective blood transfusion, so that increasingly the need for a dialogue incorporating these issues between the transfusing physician and the potential transfusion recipient is recognized. If the process is to be effective, then early involvement of the patient in a dialogue concerning informed consent is necessary. An overview of the medical elements and content of informed consent for elective blood transfusion is presented.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Ethical issues in genetics.

Clinical genetics encompasses all ethical issues in medicine and health care. Geneticists, like all health care practitioners, regularly encounter problems of truth telling, paternalism, confidentiality, and rationing. The facts and circumstances under which familial ethical questions arise differ among specialties, but the underlying ethical questions cut across disciplines. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the ethical issues that commonly arise in the clinical practice of genetics. Accordingly, the goal is primarily to identify common positions and justifications for various approaches as well as to identify consensus where they seem to exist.

Directed Tissue Donation↗
PubMed1997

Ethics of cloning.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1994

Ethical issues in bone marrow transplantation.

Ethical issues in health care arise from the perspectives of individual rights and clinical research. The advances in technologies for the treatment of cancer that come from clinical research have created new ethical issues. Bone marrow transplantation is such a case where research has the potential to benefit, but our resources to provide this lifesaving option are scarce. Ethical issues that nurses face in BMT include informed consent, concerns about the rights of donors, and the allocation of resources.

Adult↗