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Results for “ELECTROSURGERY”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of electrosurgery and formocresol as pulpotomy techniques in dog primary teeth.

The primary teeth of four dogs were treated using either a conventional formocresol or electrosurgical technique following pulpotomy. Pulps of the treated teeth were evaluated histologically for the presence of inflammation, fibrosis, necrosis, resorption, and reparative dentin formation. Results indicated that conventional formocresol pulpotomy technique is histopathologically superior to electrosurgery pulpotomy technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of carbon dioxide laser and electrosurgery in the treatment of rhinophyma.

Cosmetic results of rhinophymas treated with carbon dioxide laser or electrosurgery were compared in six patients 2-5 years after surgery. Although the results were comparably good the use of the carbon dioxide laser proved to be more time-consuming and less convenient. Scar formation was observed in both patient groups equally and was related to the depth of tissue removal, independent of the instrument used.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Improvement of patient return electrodes in electrosurgery by experimental investigations and numerical field calculations.

Numerical field calculations and experimental investigations were performed to examine the heating of the surface of human skin during the application of a new electrode design for the patient return electrode. The new electrode is characterised by an equipotential ring around the central electrode pads. A multi-layer thigh model was used, to which the patient return electrode and the active electrode were connected. The simulation geometry and the dielectric tissue parameters were set according to the frequency of the current. The temperature rise at the skin surface due to the flow of current was evaluated using a two-step numerical solving procedure. The results were compared with experimental thermographical measurements that yielded a mean value of maximum temperature increase of 3.4 degrees C and a maximum of 4.5 degrees C in one test case. The calculated heating patterns agreed closely with the experimental results. However, the calculated mean value in ten different numerical models of the maximum temperature increase of 12.5 K (using a thermodynamic solver) exceeded the experimental value owing to neglect of heat transport by blood flow and also because of the injection of a higher test current, as in the clinical tests. The implementation of a simple worst-case formula that could significantly simplify the numerical process led to a substantial overestimation of the mean value of the maximum skin temperature of 22.4 K and showed only restricted applicability. The application of numerical methods confirmed the experimental assertions and led to a general understanding of the observed heating effects and hotspots. Furthermore, it was possible to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the new electrode design with an equipotential ring. These include a balanced heating pattern and the absence of hotspots.

Electrodes↗
PubMed1998

Chemical composition of smoke produced by high-frequency electrosurgery in a closed gaseous environment. An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: High-frequency (HF) electrocoagulation and cutting procedures produce smoke by high-temperature pyrolysis of tissues. As distinct from the experience of conventional surgery, electrosurgical smoke is produced in a closed gaseous environment during laparoscopic operations. As a result, toxic chemicals may be absorbed into the circulation. The effects of this absorption are not known. Furthermore, the chemical composition of electrosurgical smoke produced in an anoxic environment may be different from that produced in air. METHODS: Smoke was produced in vitro by HF electrocutting of fresh porcine liver in helium, CO2, and air-saturated closed environments. Smoke samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS: The chemical constituents of electrosurgical smoke produced in air, CO2, and helium were similar. To date, 21 chemicals, some highly toxic, have been identified in the electrosurgical smoke produced in a closed environment. These consist of hydrocarbons, nitriles, fatty acids, and phenols. CONCLUSIONS: Electrosurgical smoke produced in a closed environment contains several toxic chemicals. The effects of these on cell viability, macrophage, and endothelial cell activation are not known but are being investigated. Meantime, measures to reduce smoke and evacuate it during endoscopic surgery are advisable.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1999

Prospective, randomized trial of bipolar electrosurgery vs ultrasonic coagulation for division of short gastric vessels during laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication.

BACKGROUND: Division of the short gastric vessels (SGV) during laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) may improve outcome. Several techniques are available for SGV division. The aim of this study was to compare in a prospective randomized trial bipolar electrocautery with cutting blade versus ultrasonic coagulation of the SGV during LNF. METHODS: In all, 86 consecutive patients undergoing LNF were prospectively randomized into two similar groups that underwent division of the SGV, respectively, using bipolar cutting forceps (BPCF) or harmonic coagulating shears (HCS). Operative time, bleeding episodes, complications, equipment problems, and surgeon's subjective scoring of satisfaction and ease of use were assessed. RESULTS: Mean (+/-SD) time for fundic mobilization and division of the SGV was not significantly different between the two groups (BPCF = 20 +/- 12 min vs. HCS = 22 +/- 12 min). Bleeding events, estimated blood loss, surgeon satisfaction, and subjective ease of use were similar, and no transfusions were required. Complications in the BPCF group included a delayed gastric perforation requiring reoperation and two gastric serosal burns repaired intraoperatively. There was one splenic capsular tear using the HCS and one splenic capsular tear using the BPCF, both of which were controlled intraoperatively. The number of functional equipment problems were few and statistically similar. In the authors' institution, the per case total costs with capital expenditures amortized over 100 cases indicate savings of approximately $202/case with use of the BPCF versus the HCS. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between body mass index (BMI) and total case length and time for division of the SGVs. CONCLUSIONS: The BPCF and HCS appear to be equally efficacious for SGV division during LNF. Judicious application of both energy forms and heightened vigilance for gastric serosal injury are required with use of both the BPCF and HCS in cases of tight gastrosplenic adhesions or short SGVs. The BPCF carries a potential cost advantage over the HCS in the authors' institution. The BMI directly correlates with time required to divide SGVs and total length of LNF.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The laparoscopist and electrosurgery.

A brief discussion of the physics relating to electrosurgical techniques is given, the complications inherent in this technique when used at laparoscopy are discussed, and the treatment and means of preventing these accidents are reviewed.

Burns, Electric↗