PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “FEMORAL ARTERY”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case of complete response of locally advanced breast cancer to arterial infusion chemotherapy: cannulation through the right femoral artery and combined use of G-CSF].

We reported a case of locally advanced breast cancer who was cannulated into the right internal thoracic artery through the right femoral artery by Seldinger's method for intra-arterial chemotherapy and obtained good results. In general, aggressive chemotherapy is often accompanied by bone marrow suppression necessitating discontinuation of chemotherapy. However, this patient recovered from this complication by G-CSF. It was suggested that Seldinger's method is suitable for locally advanced breast cancer and that G-CSF has an immediate effect of bone marrow suppression caused by aggressive chemotherapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Thrombin injection versus compression of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms.

OBJECTIVE: The compression of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms is a time consuming, painful, and sometimes unsuccessful procedure. Thrombin injection has been advocated as a superior alternative. In this study, we compare our experiences with both techniques. METHODS: All the records of femoral artery false aneurysms that were treated in the vascular laboratory from January 1996 to April 1999 were retrospectively reviewed. Treatment with ultrasound scan-guided compression was compared with treatment with dilute thrombin injection (100 U/mL). RESULTS: Both groups had similar demographics and aneurysm sizes (P >.2). Of the pseudoaneursyms, 88% were caused by cardiac catheterization and the others were the results of femoral artery access for cardiac surgery (6%), arteriography (5%), and renal dialysis (1%). Compression was successful in 25 of 40 patients (63%). Nine persistent aneurysms necessitated operation, and six were treated successfully with thrombin injection. Primary thrombin injection successfully obliterated 21 pseudoaneurysms in 23 patients. Overall, 27 of 29 pseudoaneurysms were treated successfully with thrombin injection (93%). Thrombosis occurred within seconds of the thrombin injection and required, on average, 300 units of thrombin (100 to 600 units). The patients who underwent successful compression required an average of 37 minutes of compression (range, 5 to 70 minutes) and required analgesia on several occasions. No patients in the thrombin group required analgesia or sedation. Neither group had complications. A cost analysis shows that thrombin treatment results in considerable savings in vascular laboratory resource use but not in overall hospital expenditures. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound scan-guided thrombin injection is a safe, fast, and painless procedure that completely obliterates femoral artery pseudoaneurysms. The shift from compressive therapy to thrombin injection reduces vascular laboratory use and is less expensive, although it does not significantly impact hospital costs.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The contribution of plaque and arterial remodeling to de novo atherosclerotic luminal narrowing in the femoral artery.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic luminal narrowing is caused by plaque growth and arterial remodeling. In peripheral arteries, a role for constrictive remodeling in luminal narrowing has been recognized, but the impact on lumen decrease has not yet been assessed. We studied to what extent arterial remodeling and plaque formation contribute to luminal narrowing in the superficial femoral artery. METHODS: Elderly subjects (n = 79) were studied. Post mortem, pressure-fixed femoral arteries (n = 125) were dissected and divided into 0.5-cm segments (n = 3266). In each cross section, we measured lumen area, plaque area, and the area encompassed by the internal elastic lamina (IEL area). For each artery, the cross section with the least amount of plaque was considered the reference segment. In cross sections with a decrease in lumen area compared with the reference, we determined the contributions of both plaque increase and IEL area change. RESULTS: A decrease in lumen area was found in 2193 cross sections. In cross sections with >50% lumen stenosis, plaque increase (accompanied by IEL area increase) fully explained lumen decrease in 80 of 280 cross sections (29%). In the remaining 200 of 280 cross sections (71%), both plaque increase and IEL area decrease contributed to lumen stenosis. In 57 of 280 cross sections (20%), IEL area decrease was the major determinant of lumen decrease, dominating over plaque increase. In 143 of 280 cross sections (51%), plaque increase was the major determinant, dominating over IEL area decrease. CONCLUSION: The results of this post mortem study suggest that in a substantial part (20%) of severely stenotic lesions in the femoral artery, constrictive remodeling, not plaque size, is the major determinant of lumen decrease. Further serial studies are needed to confirm these results.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Obliteration of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm by thrombin injection.

BACKGROUND: Femoral artery pseudyoaneurysms are a common complication after femoral access for transcatheter procedures, frequently requiring operative repair. We review the safety and efficacy of a novel nonsurgical method of pseudoaneurysm treatment METHODS: From June 1998 to November 2001, a total of 47 femoral artery pseudoaneurysms in 46 patients were treated by bedside ultrasound-guided injection of dilute topical thrombin. All pseudoaneurysms occurred after femoral access for transcatheter procedures, and were diagnosed clinically and confirmed with ultrasound imaging. Clinical follow-up was performed and included ultrasound (2 hours to 1 month) in 64.4% of patients, including any patient with a symptomatic or clinical change. RESULTS: Pseudoaneurysms ranged in size from 1.5 to 4.5 cm. Of 47 pseudoaneurysms, 45 were successfully obliterated on the initial injection. After successful obliteration of pseudoaneurysm, 1 patient sustained thrombosis of the tibioperoneal trunk that required surgical embolectomy, yielding a complication rate of 2%. Four pseudoaneurysms recurred after initially successful obliteration. In 1 of these cases, the patient was taken directly to surgery, and 3 were successfully treated with repeat injection, for an overall success rate of 93.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Obliteration of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm by injection is safe and effective, and may be associated with decreased morbidity. Recurrent pseudoaneurysms may be safely reinjected, with a high success rate.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1994

Mechanisms of action of enflurane on vascular smooth muscle. Comparison of rabbit aorta and femoral artery.

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of enflurane by comparing the vascular smooth muscle responses of conduit arteries of larger (aorta) and smaller (femoral artery) diameter to enflurane using isolated rings and skinned strips. METHODS: Isolated intact rings (endothelium denuded) of aorta and femoral artery from rabbits were activated by various concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and the effects of enflurane were examined at the steady-state force. In a separate study, the rings were pretreated with verapamil before the NE activation and tested with enflurane. In the saponin-treated arterial strips ("skinned"), the effects of enflurane on Ca2+ uptake or release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum were studied using caffeine-induced tension transients. RESULTS: In isolated aortic rings, enflurane (0.9%-5%) enhanced tension development at low NE concentrations (5 and 30 nM) but depressed it at highest concentration (10 microM). In contrast, enflurane depressed tension development in the femoral artery at all NE concentrations. Enflurane caused significant increase in the NE-activated force in rings pretreated with verapamil. In skinned strips, enflurane (1%-3%) decreased Ca2+ uptake (concentration resulting in 50% depression: 1.8% for aorta and 2.5% for femoral artery) and increased Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (59%-208% for aorta and 10%-55% for femoral artery). These effects were dose-dependent. Enflurane potentiated ryanodine depression of caffeine-induced tension transients. CONCLUSIONS: Enflurane has similar mechanisms of action in aorta and femoral artery: blocking Ca2+ influx, and causing, at least in part, Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through the ryanodine-receptor channel. These cellular actions of enflurane account for the depression in femoral artery and enhancement in aorta of NE-activated force in isolated rings.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Antegrade puncture of the superficial femoral artery: a pilot project].

Antegrade puncture of the femoral artery is often the first step in angioplasty or thrombolysis of the lower limb. Because of presumed complications, mostly from anecdotal literature, the common femoral artery is the preferred site of entry. From there, selective catheterization of the superficial femoral artery can be performed. This two-step procedure is sometimes long and difficult for both the patient and the radiologist. To improve the ease and the rapidity of this procedure, the author performed direct antegrade puncture of the superficial femoral artery during 25 consecutive antegrade approaches. The only local complication was hematoma, which developed in two patients but disappeared spontaneously. Aggravating factors were the size of the catheters used and fibrinolytic therapy in one of the affected patients. The results of this pilot study suggest strongly that direct antegrade puncture of the superficial femoral artery is safer than might be expected from the literature, which deals primarily with retrograde puncture. This approach must now be systematically compared with the "classic" common femoral artery approach.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Stripping of the deep circumflex iliac artery. A rare complication to percutaneous catheterization of the femoral artery.

In connection with a percutaneous retrograde heart catheterization via the femoral artery, the guidewire was captured in the deep circumflex iliac artery. On withdrawal of the guidewire stripping of the artery occurred. Occasionally this artery is catheterized unintentionally. Fluoroscopy used as a routine during the introduction of guidewire into the femoral artery could prevent catheterization of the deep circumflex iliac artery.

Catheterization↗
PubMed2006

Percutaneous vascular interventions in the superficial femoral artery. A review.

The superficial femoral artery (SFA) is a frequent target of atherosclerotic disease predominantly in the proximal section near the bifurcation to the deep femoral artery and in the distal section where the adductor muscles tend to compress the artery. In the past, SFA revascularization was the domain of vascular surgery (femoropopliteal and femorodistal bypasses). However, with the development of endovascular treatment and advancing techniques as well as more sophisticated stenting material and balloons, endovascular treatment is nowadays not just a treatment option but, in most cases, preferable at least as initial revascularization procedure in the treatment of peripheral artery vascular disease. In the last years, many efforts have been made to fight restenosis in revascularized artery segments after stenting and/or angioplasty. This article aims to give a review on this topic including the most recent experience with the various latest revascularization techniques such as drug eluting stents, coated stent grafts, brachytherapy, cryoplasty, cutting balloons, and drug coated balloons.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1987

Surgical therapy of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm after angiography.

Seventy patients requiring surgical treatment for femoral artery pseudoaneurysm after angiographic procedures have been presented. The 10 year study period encompassed 38,822 catheter procedures (31,951 cardiology procedures and 6,871 radiology procedures) performed through the femoral artery. Presenting complaints included pain (51 percent) and neuropathy (19 percent). Additional morbidity has been discussed. The present study differs from previous ones in that many of the patients had femoral artery pseudoaneurysm formation in the common femoral artery without a history of smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. There was no demonstrable association with anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy. The incidence of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm did increase with the use of a catheter sheath from 0.06 to 0.3 percent (p less than 0.005). This has not been reported previously. Direct arterial repair was utilized in 63 patients, whereas arterial reconstruction was required in 7 patients (saphenous vein graft in 4 and prosthetic graft in 3). There was one wound complication but no mortality associated with the surgical repair. Acceptable reasons for repair of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms are persisting or enlarging femoral artery pseudoaneurysms, associated pain or neuropathy, and rupture of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Ruptured aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery.

OBJECTIVE: True isolated "arteriosclerotic" aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery are rare. One case of isolated superficial femoral artery aneurysm and review of literature is reported. DESIGN: Case report and review of the literature. SETTING: Hospitalized care. PATIENT: An 80-year old man presenting with rupture of superficial femoral artery aneurysm was observed and treated with graft interposition, which resulted in limb salvage. INTERVENTION: Removal of the aneurysm and replacing of the arterial aneurysmatic segment by interposition of a polytetrafluoroethylene prosthetic graft. MEASURES: Patency of the graft with no evidence of ischemic or embolic complication assessed with a follow-up period of 6 months. RESULTS: From the review of the literature we collected 21 isolated true arteriosclerotic superficial femoral artery aneurysms in 17 patients. These aneurysms may be discovered after the onset of complications such as rupture (33%) or thrombosis and limb ischemia (19%). Other aneurysms are frequently concomitant (69%), mostly represented by abdominal aortic aneurysms (40%). CONCLUSIONS: Ruptured arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery is very uncommon and the treatment of choice is based on replacing of the aneurysmal segment with a prosthetic graft interposition or proximal and distal artery ligation and bypass. Early diagnosis and surgical reconstruction is recommended for patients with aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery that are 2.5 cm or greater in maximum diameter and for complicated aneurysms of any size.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Principles of surgery of the deep femoral artery in arteritis of the lower extremities].

The role of the deep femoral artery has too often been ignored in the assessment of arteritis of the lower limb. This anatomical distribution, which seems to be restricted to the thig, has left pride of place to the superficial artery as being responsible for intermittent claudication. In fact the deep femoral artery represents an exceptional and privileged route for anastomosis that is capable of replacing almost perfectly an obstructed superficial femoral artery and also in a more limited way femoro-popliteal arteries with extensive obstructions. The authors estimate that the deep femoral artery represents a true physiological bypass for a thrombosed superficial femoral artery on which a lumbar sympathectomy has a particularly remarkable action. It is important, in order to obtain as good a result as possible, that the flow in the deep femoral artery should be good, which presupposes complete freedom of the iliac axis and good permeability of the trunk of the artery, begining at its ostium. Surgery of the deep femoral artery is short or lon angioplastic surgery depending on the type of lesion, usually involving a venous patch. The surgical approach is straightforward. Whe it is used for isolated lesions or as the last stage of aorto-iliac surgery, delicate angioplasty of the deep femoral artery is a perfectly feasible operation which the authors believe should take its place, in association with lumbar sympathectomy, in the restoration of the superficial femoral artery.

Arteritis↗
PubMed2004

Origin of ATP for Ca2+-induced contraction in the guinea-pig femoral artery.

Previously, we have described differences between the rat proximal colon and femoral artery with respect to the role of ATP newly synthesized by creatine kinase. In the present study the role of newly synthesized ATP was studied in the guinea-pig femoral artery to examine species differences. In the alpha-toxin-permeabilized preparation of the guinea-pig femoral artery, the rapid Ca(2+)-induced contraction was suppressed when creatine kinase activity was inhibited. The contraction was restored completely by treatment with NaN(3), an inhibitor of ecto-ATPase, the enzyme that breaks down exogenous ATP. Thus, ATP newly synthesized by creatine kinase may have no role in contraction of the guinea-pig femoral artery. This is in marked contrast to the rat femoral artery, in which Ca(2+)-induced contractions are almost completely inhibited by inhibition of creatine kinase activity but only partly restored by NaN(3). To characterize the difference between the guinea-pig and rat tissue, the origin of ATP required for contraction was determined in intact preparations. Monoiodoacetic acid, an inhibitor of glycolysis, inhibited the high K(+)-induced contraction in the guinea-pig femoral artery more potently than in the rat tissue. In contrast, an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, carbonylcyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), inhibited contraction in femoral arteries from rats, but not from guinea-pigs. These results suggest that contraction in the rat femoral artery is dependent largely on oxidative phosphorylation, while contraction in the guinea-pig tissue is dependent only on glycolysis. Because oxidative phosphorylation generates ATP and phosphocreatine, while glycolysis generates only ATP, the strong dependence of the contraction of the rat femoral artery on the oxidative phosphorylation is consistent with its dependence on ATP newly synthesized by creatine kinase from ADP and phosphocreatine, as previously shown. Thus, it is proposed that ATP, newly synthesized by creatine kinase, in addition to ATP generated by oxidative phosphorylation, is utilized for contraction in the rat femoral artery, while glycolysis produces sufficient ATP for contraction in the guinea-pig femoral artery.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occult femoral artery injury in relation to fracture of the femoral shaft.

Recognized injury of the femoral artery occurs in two per cent of patients with fracture of the femoral shaft. Delay in detection of these arterial injuries has led to unsatisfactory results in a young group of patients. Therefore, 40 patients who had suffered fracture of the femoral shaft 6-20 months (mean 13 months) prior to examination, were haemodynamically assessed using Doppler ankle/arm pressure indices to determine the incidence of occult femoral artery injury. Six patients (15%) exhibited haemodynamically significant abnormalities all in relation to previously injured limbs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Increased responsiveness to calcium agonist BAY k 8644 and calcium antagonist nifedipine in femoral arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Calcium (Ca2+) channel functions were compared in femoral arteries isolated from 6-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and from age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. BAY k 8644 (BAY), a dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel agonist, elicited a dose-dependent contraction in strips of SHR femoral arteries with a pD2 value of 8.55. Maximum contraction induced by this agonist (1 X 10(-7) M) was comparable to the maximum developed by KCl (K+) depolarization. BAY was less effective in eliciting a contraction in strips of WKY rat femoral arteries. Increased sensitivity to K+ was also observed in SHR femoral arteries. Contractile responses of SHR femoral arteries to BAY were antagonized competitively by nifedipine with a pA2 value of 8.36. When the effects of an elevation in the level of extracellular K+ on the contractile responses to BAY were determined in SHR and WKY rat femoral arteries, dose-response curves for BAY were not significantly different between the SHR and WKY rats. Femoral arteries from SHR, but not from WKY rats, relaxed when placed in a Ca2+-free solution. The addition of nifedipine (10(-10)-10(-7) M) to unstimulated strips produced a dose-dependent relaxation in femoral arteries from SHR, but not from WKY rats. These results suggest that (1) the increased responsiveness to BAY seen in SHR femoral arteries appears to occur because these arteries are more depolarized than WKY rat femoral arteries; and (2) BAY acts primarily on the same site, presumably the dihydropyridine receptors of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, at which nifedipine acts.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rupture of voluminous atherosclerotic superficial femoral artery aneurysm].

Atherosclerotic aneurysms of the superficial femoral artery are very uncommon. We report a case of a ruptured superficial femoral artery aneurysm which was successfully treated surgically, and compare our data with those emerging from a review of the literature. We observed a 74-year-old man who presented with a suspected rupture of a superficial femoral artery aneurysm. After confirmation of the diagnosis with angio-CT, we treated the patient by performing an endoaneurysmectomy and replacing the arterial aneurysmatic segment with interposition of a polytetrafluoroethylene prosthetic graft. There has been no evidence of complications in the short to medium-term. In our review of literature, we collected 43 cases of superficial femoral artery aneurysms. These aneurysms were diagnosed after rupture (30-46%) or thrombosis and embolism (12-46%). Other aneurysms are frequently concomitant (27-69%). The best treatment is based on replacing the aneurysmatic segment with a prosthetic graft which may be autologous (saphenic vein) or heterologous (polytetra-fluoroethylene). In patients with obstructive arteriopathies exclusion of the aneurysm by ligation of the proximal and distal artery may be enough. The high incidence of complications suggests that resection and grafting should be performed electively, and the frequent association with aortoiliac or peripheral aneurysms means that thorough investigation and follow-up are mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

An anatomical study of the origins of the medial circumflex femoral artery in the Turkish population.

The medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) usually branches from the deep femoral artery (DFA). It may also branch from the femoral artery (FA). In this study 100 inguinal regions of 50 cadavers were investigated. In 79 extremities (79%) MCFA branched from DFA, while in 15 (15%) it branched from FA. In four extremities (4%) MCFA was found to be double; in each case one of MCFAs branched from FA and the other from DFA. In one of these four cases the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) was also double. In one case we found a common trunk of DFA and MCFA and in another case a common trunk of MCFA, DFA and LCFA. Clinicians must be familiar with the variations of this clinically important artery to improve their success in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies in the region.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Antegrade puncture of the femoral artery: morphologic study.

To determine the optimal site for antegrade puncture of the femoral artery, the authors evaluated three cadaver specimens and computed tomographic (CT) scans of 50 patients. The relationships among the common femoral artery, the femoral artery bifurcation, the center of the femoral head, and the inguinal ligament were evaluated. CT showed that the center of the femoral head was always located caudal to the level of the inguinal ligament but cranial to the bifurcation of the common femoral artery. Therefore, the femoral head seems to provide a reliable landmark for entering the common femoral artery.

Femoral Artery↗