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Results for “Histrionic Personality Disorder”

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PubMed2001

Pathology versus statistical infrequency: potential sources of gender bias in personality disorder criteria.

The antisocial, narcissistic, dependent, histrionic, and borderline personality disorders often obtain differential sex prevalence rates. One explanation has been that the diagnostic criteria for these personality disorders have different gender implications for maladaptivity (e.g., perhaps the dependent personality disorder diagnostic criteria are considered by clinicians to be more pathological for women than for men). This hypothesis was explored in two studies that obtained judgments by professional clinicians of the maladaptivity and statistical infrequency of personality disorder diagnostic criteria. Significant differences across gender were obtained for the frequency of diagnostic criteria but not for their maladaptivity. The personality disorder diagnostic criteria appear to be gender neutral with respect to their implications for maladaptivity.

Bias↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical genealogical research on hysterical psychopathy].

Thirty probands with the diagnosis of hysterical psychopathy were studied using clinical and genealogic techniques. An analysis of the obtained data made with the help of modern geneticomathematical methods identified a significant correlation between the type of psychopathy in probands and the corresponding type of personality disorders in the first-kin relatives of the probands. The calculated rate of heredity in relation to the risk of hysterical pathology manifestation (in the framework of quasi-permanent multifactor model) (79.9%) suggests that the formation of hysterical psychopathy is to a considerable degree determined by genetic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Functional aphonia. A conversion symptom as defensive mechanism against anxiety.

Aphonia is the extreme form of a functional voice disorder. 22 female patients with aphonia underwent laryngoscopic and phonic examinations, psychiatric evaluation, psychological testing and biographical history-taking. Results demonstrate a homogeneous clinical picture, but heterogeneous personality structures and conflict situations. All patients are overtaxed by their situation; the conversion reaction is used as a means to express anxiety and maintain self-assertion at the same time.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Attrition in maintenance therapy for recurrent depression. A preliminary report.

All maintenance treatment programs are complicated by the issue of patient noncompliance. This report investigates factors contributing to noncompliance during a 2-year study designed to evaluate the efficacy of long-term antidepressant medication in patients with recurrent unipolar depression. Only 21 of 51 patients (49%) who entered maintenance treatment successfully completed this phase of the study. Fifteen patients (8 completers and 7 dropouts) were randomly selected for an interview which focused on their previous psychiatric treatment history and attitudes towards the maintenance treatment program. In addition, these patients also completed a comprehensive personality battery. Results indicate that, while both groups had similar attitudes about the treatment program, they differed significantly along personality and psychiatric treatment history variables. Dropouts scored higher than completers on a measure of hysterical personality style. They were also more likely to have received psychotherapy in previous treatment experiences and to rate it as beneficial, while completers consistently rated prior treatment, which did not include antidepressant medication, as being of no benefit whatsoever. In order to enhance patient compliance, it is important to obtain information early in treatment about patients' treatment histories and their expectations about effective treatment for depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Psychiatric diagnoses (Research Diagnostic Criteria) in symptomatic volunteers.

Symptomatic volunteers (SVs) are increasingly used as subjects for clinical research studies. A total of 362 SVs were recruited, psychiatric diagnoses were made according to Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), and standard symptom scale scores on the Hopkins Symptom Check list (HSCL) for the individual diagnostic categories were computed. Of these subjects, 221 were classified as having a depressive disorder (three categories), 112 as having an anxiety disorder (three categories), and 29 as having some other RDC disorder. The HSCL scale scores for the depressive- and anxiety-disorder subject groups were consistent with those for actual patient groups. There were significant differences in HSCL scores for some RDC categories within the broader depressive- or anxiety-disorder groupings. Individual RDC categories should be kept separate in reporting treatment results for depressive or anxiety disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antisocial personality disorder in primary care patients with somatization disorder.

Antisocial personality disorder and somatization disorder (SD) have been associated in previous research conducted primarily in patients from the mental health setting. We tested the hypothesis that patients with SD from the primary care setting had less likelihood of having comorbid antisocial personality disorder in a sample of 118 patients with SD. Two methods for diagnosing antisocial personality disorder were used: the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, axis II (SCID-II). Eight percent of the women and between 18% and 25% (depending on the method used) of the men had antisocial personality, a prevalence rate that clearly exceeds the rate found in the general population. However, in clinical work, only one in 10 women and one in six men with SD will have antisocial personality disorder. These findings are consistent with the shared biological substrate hypothesized for the two disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The diagnosis of antisocial and hysterical personality disorders. An example of sex bias.

The author submits evidence to support the contention that antisocial and hysterical personality disorders are essentially sex-typed forms of a single condition. The features of each condition, he argues, are either common to both disorders or are related to sexual stereotypic traits. He reports on a study which indicates that mental health professionals tend to label men as antisocial personalities and women as hysterical personalities, even when these patients have identical clinical features. It is suggested that a unification of the two labels could have a beneficial effect on research and on understanding and treating the disorder and related conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A clinical study of 30 wrist cutters.

Thirty patients who committed wrist cuttings were divided into four groups according to the patients' psychiatric diagnosis: hysteria group, depression group, adolescent behavioral disorder group and other diagnostic group. In the hysteria group, wrist cutting was considered as an expression of the patients' unconscious intention to seek sympathy for themselves from other people. In the depression group, wrist cutting seemed to be a preliminary rehearsal of suicide. In the adolescent behavioral disorder group, internal conflicts in adolescence or discordance with the patients' parents seemed to be the chief motivations of wrist slashing. The core groups were the hysteria and adolescent behavioral disorder groups, and the peripheral groups were the depression group and others.

Adolescent↗