[A case of multiple myeloma (IgG, lambda-type)) with pathological plasmacytes and M-protein in the pleural fluid (author's transl)].
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Aged↗
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Results for “Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains”
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[Leukoplakia and cancers of the buccal cavity. Immunofluorescence counting and typing of plasmocytes].
Immunofluorescent study of paraffin sections of 80 lesions of the buccal cavity, for the most part malignant or pre-malignant revealed marked plasmocytosis in premalignant or early malignant cases. This plasmocytosis, easily seen by the use of anti-immunoglobulin sera, is of polyclonal type, with marked preponderance of IgG secretors. In infiltrating carcinomas and in recurrences, the number of plasmocytes decreases and the percentage of IgG secretors falls markedly. By contrast, that of IgA immunocytes remains the same. The significance of these findings is considered and their practical value in the surveillance of cases of leukoplasia is stressed.
Animals↗
Light chain heterogeneity of type lambda anti-streptococcal group A-variant polysaccharide antibodies in rabbits.
BASILEA rabbits lack the expression of chi-polypeptide chains and compensate for this lack with expression of lambda polypeptide light chains. These rabbits were immunized with streptococcal group A-variant vaccines. The heterogeneity of the lambda polypeptide chains of specific antibodies was analyzed and compared with that of chi light chains. No significant difference was found by SDS-PAGE and IEF in the number of light chain bands of high affinity antibody expressed. This suggests that in the rabbit the size of the variable region repertoire is similar for lambda and chi light chains.
Animals↗
Increased serum IgE in Hodgkin's disease is of polyclonal origin.
The light chain of serum IgE from 4 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease with elevated IgE levels was studied by an immunoadsorbent technique. Serum IgE was found to contain both kappa and lambda light chains in all cases studied. In addition an association between serum levels of IgE and that of IgA, IgG, and IgM was demonstrated. These findings make it unlikely that increased serum IgE in Hodgkin's disease is of monoclonal origin and support the view that serum IgE in such patients reflects a general disturbance in the regulation of their humoral immune response.
Adult↗
[Benign monoclonal gammopathies. Case reports].
30 cases of patients presenting a benign monoclonal gammopathy (b.m.g.) have been studied, stress being laid on concomitant conditions, cases with likely typical symptomatology, atypical variations over time in certain patients of the monoclonal Ig level, and cases which, before they can be called benign, need further controls. Two cases of transitory b.m.g., one in a child, with double polymerization state, are also presented.
Adult↗
Further studies on an eleventh case of heavy (Hgamma1) chain disease--biosynthetic studies.
In vitro quantitative biosynthetic studies were carried out on bone marrow cells obtained from an eleventh case with gamma heavy chain disease. The findings indicate that neither cytoplasmic nor extracellular degradation was responsible for the presence of the gamma heavy chain fragment in serum. The absence of a covalent-bound light chain was also confirmed.
Adult↗
[Atypical orbital localisation of a myeloma. Non-excretory myeloma or extramedullary plasmocytoma (author's transl)].
A description of a non-excretory myeloma located in the orbit. The authors stress the importance of immunofluorescent and ultra-structural studies in the identification of these tumours. They discuss the relationship between multiple myeloma and extra-medullary plasmocytoma and raise the possibility of modes of transmission.
Adult↗
[Rectal plasmacytoma during development of Kahler's disease].
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Aged↗
[Comparative study of a factor-VIII inhibitor in a non-hemophylic patient and in a patient with hemophylia A gravis].
In this study, we tried to make a comparison between the findings concerning two human strong anti Factor VIII inhibitors. In one case, the strong inhibitor appeared in an old man without any particular antecedant. In the second case, it occurred in a young hemophiliac A. We found in both cases that the inhibitor was a immunoglobulin G with light chain lambda. Its activity site is on the fragment AB. These anticoagulants have a inhibitory action against only the Factor VIII procoagulant fraction and have exclusively neutralising properties. The inhibitor present in the non hemophiliac patient has particularly great resistance to temperature and pH variations.
Adult↗
[Amyloid neuropathy associated with a benign monoclonal gammopathy (lambda light chains)].
The authors report a case of non-familial amyloid neuropathy in which there was sensory-motor neuropathy of the 4 limbs, multiple lesions in the cranial nerves, and large subcutaneous amyloid deposits. Biopsy samples showed the presence of amyloid deposits in the interstitial tissues, the vessel walls in the muscle hypodermis, and in the bone marrow. A light monoclonal lambda chain was present in the serum. Immunofluorescent studies of the biopsy specimens showed the presence of elective fluorescence with an anti-lambda immunoserum in the amyloid substance.
Amyloidosis↗
[A further case of IgD myeloma (author's transl)].
A 76-year-old woman was hospitalized for stabilization of her diabetic condition. The results of radiological, hematological, and biochemical investigations suggested the diagnosis of an IgD myeloma. A specific immune-serum was used to demonstrate the presence of monoclonal protein of the IgD lambda type. The course of the disease was very rapid and death occurred within 19 days from acute renal failure. The authors emphasize the various factors demonstrating the original nature of this observation and conclude by insisting on the necessity to use anti-heavy chains delta and epsilon during the diagnostic investigations for minoclonal gammapathies.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
IgD myeloma with myelofibrosis and amyloidosis.
Two patients with IgD myeloma protein and lambda light chains are described. They had marked Bence Jones proteinuria, were treated with melphalan, prednisone, and allopurinol and died in less than one year. At autopsy, there was extensive myelofibrosis associated with neoplastic infiltrates of plasma cells in both cases. On electrophoresis, the serum and urine Bence Jones protein of one patient migrated in the alpha2 region, and the blood vessels of the other patient contained many nodular deposits of amyloid. Because these findings are rare in multiple myeloma, they may be unique to IgD myeloma.
Aged↗
[Acute primary plasma cell leukemia (author's transl)].
The sudden onset of plasma cell leukemia with IgG-lambda-paraproteinaemia is reported in a 59-year-old patient. In the year before clinical manifestation of the disease the patient was examined and treated for a duodenal ulcer and a head injury on three separate occasions in different wards of the hospital without detection of any sign of disease of the haemopoetic system. The clinical features and course of the disease resembled those of acute leukaemia, the maximum percentage of plasma cells in the peripheral blood being 72 and in the bone marrow 98. Osteolytic bone lesions were not observed and there was no renal insufficiency. Therapy with mephelan-prednisolone and cyclophosphamide-prednisolone was not successful in influencing the fatal outcome of the disease.
Acute Disease↗
A study of the variable heavy chain (VH) region of membrane-bound Ig on human chronic leukemic lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes from 20 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were studied for membrane staining by direct immunofluorescence by employing anti-F(ab')2, anti-VHI, anti-VHII, anti-VHIII subgroup-specific antisera, as well as light chain-specific antisera. Some lymphocyte preparations were also studied in indirect immunofluorescence with an antiserum raised against a fragment (VH) corresponding to the variable region of the heavy chain of a human IgG3 myeloma protein (Kup). Lymphocytes from each CLL patient demonstrated a restriction of VH subgroups expressed on the cell membrane; six were restricted to the VHI subgroup, seven to VHII, and seven to the VHIII subgroup. This restriction gave further evidence for monoclonality of the membrane-bound Ig and the leukemic cell proliferation. Antiserum to the VH fragment stained closely similar percentages of CLL lymphocytes to that obtained with anti-F(ab')2 antiserum. Furthermore, double staining revealed that the same cells were stained with anti-VH antiserum as were stained with anti-F(ab')2 antiserum, i.e., only the B lymphocytes.
Adult↗
[Lymphoid cells of the intestinal mucosa with double kappa and lambda specificity in normal man].
The presence of lymphoid cells possessing both kappa and lambda specificities has been observed in the intestinal mucosa of normal subjects. The variability in the number of such cells in different sections of the same sample and in different subjects seems to be a characteristic of this cell population and may reflect the high activity of the immune system in the small intestine.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
[Subcorneal pustulosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease) with acantholysis and IgA myeloma (13-year follow-up)].
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Acantholysis↗
Immunochemical characterization of a polyclonal human antibody to factor IX.
Inhibitors of clotting factors occuring in humans are often antibody molecules synthesized in response to exogeneous proteins used in replacement therapy. Extensive studies of inhibitors to factor VIII indicate such antibodies may be monoclonal or polyclonal in nature. To date, only one factor IX inhibitor has been subjected to detailed immunochemical analysis and it appears to be a monoclonal IgGA lambda antibody. We have discovered a second inhibitor of factor IX in a patient with severe hemophilia B and have subjected it to immunochemical analysis. Studies on this second inhibitor have been carried out before and after an anamnestic response. Column chromatography, preparative zone electrophoresis, and specific inhibitor neutralization assays using monospecific heterologous antisera to human immunoglobulin classes, subclasses, and light-chain types indicate that the antibody is of the IgG class and contains both kappa and lambda light chains and probably all four IgG subclasses. Thus, the inhibitor appears to be polyclonal by immunochemical and structural criteria. In addition, preparative isoelectric focusing of pre- and postanamnestic inhibitor samples indicates that recruitment of new clones of IgG antibody occurs as a result of anamnesis. It is conceivable that an antibody initially restricted in immunoglobulin subclass became polyclonal following an anamnestic response.
Antibodies↗
Comparative studies on monotypic IgM lambda and IgG kappa from an individual patient. IV. Immunofluorescent evidence for a common clonal synthesis.
Previous studies have presented evidence of shared idiotypic antigenic determinants located within the variable (VH) region of the heavy chains of monotypic IgMlambda and IgGkappa isolated from the serum of an individual patient, Bro, with Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Comparative N-terminal VH sequence analyses have demonstrated that the respective micron and gamma chains belong to separate VH subgroups. The entire VH sequence of the Bro micron chain has been reported, but the VH sequence of the Bro gamma chain still awaits completion. We report the results of an immunofluorescent analysis of cytoplasmic Ig of lymphoid cells isolated from the patient's peripheral blood and bone marrow. Between 6% and 9% of the cytoplasmic Ig-positive lymphoid cells exhibited fluorescent evidence for the dual presence of kappa and lambda chains are well as micron and gamma chains. These results strongly suggest that the idiotypically related Bro IgMlambda and IgGkappa paraproteins are derived from a common clonal origin. Moreover, these findings extend the results of a previous study that has demonstrated the dual presence of IgGkappa and IgGlambda paraproteins within individual myeloma plasma cells. Collectively, these studies suggest that a single neoplastic lymphoid clone may not necessarily be restricted to the synthesis of Ig proteins of the identical light chain class. These findings may have a broad implication for the understanding of surface and cytoplasmic Ig markers of neoplastic lymphoid cells in certain other lymphoproliferative disorders.
Cytoplasm↗