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PubMed1976

Experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: resistance of vaccinated cattle to homologous and heterologous strains of Moraxella bovis.

In studies to determine whether vaccination with one strain of Moraxella bovis would protect against challenge with virulent homologous or heterologous strains, calves were intramuscularly inoculated 3 times with formalin-killed M bovis, with 14 days between inoculations. Fourteen days after the 3rd vaccinal dose was given, all calves were exposed to homologous or heterologous virulent cultures of M bovis. The results indicated that vaccination with one strain of M bovis may induce protective immunity against homologous and heterologous challenge exposure; however, because vaccinated cattle resisted infection and disease produced by a homologous strain to a greater extent than they resisted those produced by heterologous strains, polyvalent vaccines or highly immunogenic common antigens may be needed to protect cattle against the numerous strains they might encounter under natural field conditions. There was minimal correlation between the presence of precipitating antibodies against the heterologous strains and the establishment of infection and disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: subconjunctival administration of a Moraxella bovis pilus preparation enhances immunogenicity.

To compare the immune response elicited by 3 routes of vaccination, 36 calves were randomly allotted to 4 groups of 9 calves each. Group I was vaccinated subconjunctivally only. Group II was vaccinated concomitantly, both subconjunctivally and in the dewlap. Group III was vaccinated in the dewlap only. Group IV was not vaccinated and served as a virulence control for the Moraxella bovis culture. Calves in groups I, II, and III were given 2 inoculations with 14 days between inoculations. Twenty-one days after the last inoculation, the ventral conjunctival sac of all calves was instilled with cells of a virulent M bovis strain. After challenge exposure, all vaccinated calves (groups I, II, and III) had evidence of enhanced resistance, compared with the nonvaccinated calves. The highest to lowest gradients of immune responsiveness were: Group I greater than or equal to group II greater than group III greater than group IV. When immune criteria, such as the percentage of diseased eyes, the mean duration of infection, the severity of corneal lesions, and the serologic response were compared, groups I and II were significantly (P less than 0.05) more resistant to challenge exposure than were groups III and IV. Group III was significantly (P less than 0.05) different from group IV in severity of lesions and in serologic response. Also, the mean duration of infection was shorter, and the percentage of diseased eyes was less in group III than in group IV (P greater than 0.10). Group I was more resistant than was group II (P less than 0.10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗