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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Mouthwash ingestion by preschool children.

Even though fluoride provides a significant contribution in dental caries prevention, it is known that its random employment may lead to enamel alterations such as dental fluorosis, besides the possibility of severe systemic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ingestion of mouthwashes administered to preschool children. It was concluded that parents and teachers of young children must be very careful during the accomplishment of educational programs comprising fluoridated mouthwashes, because of the high possibility of ingestion.

Cariostatic Agents↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of a periodontal dressing and chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash after the internal bevelled flap procedure.

A group of 15 patients requiring comparable bilateral internal bevelled flap procedures took part in a study to compare the clinical results achieved when a dressing or chlorhexidine mouthwash was used during the first postoperative week. Initial preoperative conditions were comparable. At the end of the first postoperative week, significantly more plaque accumulated and the sulcus bleeding index was significantly higher on the dressing treated side. At 1 month and 3 months postoperatively the sulcus bleeding indices were below preoperative levels for both treated sides with no significant differences between the sides. A significant and comparable reduction in pocket depths occurred following the two postoperative treatments. Subjectively recorded pain scores demonstrated that more pain was experienced on the dressing treated side, particularly during the first 4 postoperative days. More patients preferred the mouthwash as a postoperative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of a mouthwash in an irrigating device on accumulation and maturation of dental plaque.

A study was conducted to determine whether there was any advantage in using a commercial mouthwash over water in a pulsating oral irrigating device on dental plaque growth and maturation. The amount of plaque accmulated on the test teeth of human subjects was measured on days 1,3,5,7 and 10 during the experimental period by using the two-tone disclosing dye solution and the Quigley and Hein scoring method. The results showed the value of using the two-tone disclosing dye in visualizing the growth and maturation of bacterial plaque in situ. There was a marked delay in the rate of plaque maturation by the commerical mouthwash delivered by an irrigating device. There were no statistical differences in plaque accumulation between the control and treatment groups for the 10-days test periods.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vitro activity of a chlorhexidine-containing mouthwash against subgingival bacteria.

Three hundred and fifteen subgingival isolates were tested for their susceptibility to a mouthwash containing 0.2% chlorhexidine. The majority of strains tested were susceptible at high dilution although some strains of S. mitior, S. sanguis, and Capnocytophaga were relatively resistant. It was concluded that, on the basis of these in vitro results, the mouthwash should have potential for subgingival use in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2004

A clinical assessment of the effectiveness of mouthwashes in comparison to toothbrushing in children.

The study compared the efficacy of unsupervised tooth-brushing done once a day before breakfast (phase 1), with twice daily mouthrinsing with the three different commercially available mouthwashes containing 0.2% sodium fluoride (phase 2), a combination of 0.03% triclosan and 0.05% sodium fluoride (phase 3), and 0.2% chlorhexidine (phase 4) in 20 children aged 13-14 year, in reducing dental plaque formation. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in plaque reduction between phases 1 & 2; 1 & 3; 2 & 4 and 3 & 4. The mandibular arch harboured more plaque than the maxillary arch in phase 1 (p<0.05). Irrespective of the mouthwash used, the lingual/palatal surfaces had less plaque than the facial surfaces (p<0.05). The mean cumulative plaque scores of the mandibular lingual surfaces was more in comparison to the maxillary palatal surfaces in phases 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05). It was therefore, concluded that 0.2% chlorhexidine was comparable to tooth brushing done once a day, before breakfast.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Soft tissue responses to high frequency use of experimental and commercial mouthwashes.

A recent study reported that regular use of commercial mouthwashes produced a significant incidence of oral reactions, including epithelial peeling, inflammation, ulceration and geographic tongue-like lesions. In view of the widespread use of these preparations, without apparent deleterious effects, an investigation of two commercial preparations (Scope, Listerine) and an experimental mouthwash containing cetyl pyridinium chloride was undertaken to assess the possible irritant effects on the oral soft tissue under stringent test conditions. A double blind design was used and soft tissue effects were measured over a two week period. Rinses were used full strength, 20 cc 3 times daily. Examinations were conducted by an oral pathologist at the start and conclusion of the test period, and a record was made of the occurrence of erythema, hyperemia/prominent vasculature, inflammation, petechia, keratosis, tongue coating, and ulceration. These observations did not reveal any soft tissue conditions beyond those which would be expected in the normal population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Allopurinol mouthwashes and 5-fluorouracil induced oral toxicity.

Allopurinol has been shown to decrease the gastro-intestinal and bone marrow toxicity of 5-fluorouracil. In an attempt to diminish mucositis resulting from 5-fluorouracil administration, whilst not affecting its systemic anti-tumour activity, an allopurinol mouthwash has been used. In six patients who experienced mucositis when treated initially with 5-fluorouracil, the use of an allopurinol mouthwash with subsequent courses resulted in a reduction of oral toxicity.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1985

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in mouthwashes by hybridization.

An assay for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA was developed by using a cloned EBV DNA probe. After preliminary testing showed the assay to be sensitive and specific, it was applied to 135 mouthwashes from bone marrow transplant recipients, and 21 of these tests were positive. The concentration of EBV DNA in mouthwashes in some cases was as high as 10(8) genome equivalents per ml. When compared with the lymphocyte transformation assay on the same samples, the sensitivity was 75% and the specificity was 97%. In contrast to the lymphocyte transformation assay, the hybridization was semiquantitative and yielded results in 72 h. Potential applications include monitoring the effects of various interventions, such as immunosuppressive and antiviral chemotherapy, on EBV shedding.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1993

Postoperative pain and discomfort with and without periodontal dressing in conjunction with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash after apically positioned flap procedure.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate patient postoperative pain experience and discomfort with and without the use of a periodontal dressing in combination with a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash after internal bevelled, full thickness, apically positioned flap procedure. Twenty-four patients requiring comparable bilateral flap procedures were selected. Using a split-mouth design, one site received a periodontal dressing while the other site did not. A 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash (10 ml for 1 minute twice daily) was prescribed postoperatively for all patients. Pain assessment was made according to a structured, categorized scale (0 = no pain; 1 = mild pain; 2 = moderate pain; and 3 = severe pain). Analgesic drug consumption was recorded during the first postoperative week. After at least a one-month period, the second flap procedure was performed using the alternate postoperative treatment. At the conclusion of the trial, a self-administered questionnaire on postoperative experience was administered. Results indicated a similar trend for mean pain scores as assessed by patients for both dressed and undressed sides during the 7-day postoperative period. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between treatment groups with respect to frequency distribution of patients who did or did not take analgesics or the daily and total consumption of analgesic drops. Although patients with dressing frequently experienced eating difficulty, most stated a psychological feeling of protection and well-being with its use.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

The effect of budesonide mouthwash on oral chronic graft versus host disease.

Oral chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) is common and a major cause of morbidity and loss of quality of life in long term survivors. Cyclosporine with prednisone remains the first line therapy for oral manifestations of cGVHD. However, even with routine administration of systemic agents, many patients with oral manifestations of cGVHD do not have resolution of their disease and may benefit from incorporation of local therapy. Budesonide is a highly potent steroid which has minimal systemic side effects and being used for oral cGVHD. We designed a retrospective study to compare treatment results of patients with oral cGVHD who received topical budesonide in addition to systemic therapy that consists of combined prednisone and cyclosporine (Group A, n = 12), with the treatment results of patients who were administered the same systemic therapy alone (Group B, n = 11) to determine whether budesonide mouthwash had any advantage on response rates. Three mg topical budesonide/10 ml saline was used 3-4 times a day for up to 6 months in group A. Diagnosis, clinical staging, and treatment response scoring for cGVHD were performed according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria. At the baseline examination, there were no statistically significant differences in terms of median oral cGVHD examination scores between two groups. After treatment, there was statistically significant decrease in median oral cGVHD examination scores compared to baseline (P < 0.001 and 0.021), and significant differences were found between two groups (P < 0.032). Overall response rate was 83% and 36% for group A and B, respectively (P = 0.036). However, no statistically significant differences were found between median pain scores of two groups before and after treatment (P = 0.740 and P = 0.091). No major systemic side effects and oral candidiasis were observed in two groups of patients. We concluded that topical budesonide might be added to systemic therapy to obtain better response rates in patients with oral cGHVD.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Oral mucosal white lesions associated with excessive use of Listerine mouthwash. Report of two cases.

Two patients were observed to have asymptomatic, diffuse, filmy white lesions involving large portions of the oral mucosa. Both patients admitted to the topical use of Listerine mouthwash in excess of recommended doses. Other considerations in the differential diagnosis were eliminated by history. The lesions showed complete regression in 2 weeks following discontinuance of the lavage.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The induction of hyperkeratotic white lesions in hamster cheek pouches with mouthwash.

Listerine mouthwash applied to the left cheek pouch mucosa of thirty-seven hamsters 45 minutes daily for 41 days caused diffuse, corrugated white lesions showing hyperkeratosis in 100 percent of the animals. The right (control) side showed essentially no changes in response to saline solution applied similarly. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A fruit-mouthwash chemical burn. Report of a case.

A case of an unusual chemical burn, confined to masticatory mucosa, produced by abusive fresh fruit ingestion and concommitant excessive use of mouthwashes, is reported. Clinical presentation, histopathological appearance and related factors are presented and discussed.

Beverages↗
PubMed1987

Clinical evaluation of benzydamine, chlorhexidine, and placebo mouthwashes in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Eighteen patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis were given alcoholic benzydamine hydrochloride, aqueous chlorhexidine, or a benzydamine-free placebo mouthwash in random order. Each patient used each preparation for a 3-month period. Ulcer diaries were marked at the same time each week during the 9-month test period. Records were made of the number, size, sites, and pain severity of any ulcers present. Statistical analysis of the results showed no significant differences between any of the treatments tested. Stinging of the oral mucosa was the only consistent side effects noted by nine patients using benzydamine, nine patients using placebo, and three patients using chlorhexidine. Eight patients stated a personal preference for benzydamine because of the transient local anesthetic effect of benzydamine, which gave pain relief.

Benzydamine↗
PubMed1991

Chlorhexidine mouthwash-induced fixed drug eruption. Case report and review of the literature.

Various adverse reactions including anaphylactic shock have already been reported after the topical application of chlorhexidine. This article reports for the first time a hypersensitivity reaction in the form of fixed drug eruption after the use of a mouthwash containing chlorhexidine. This report should bring an increased awareness of the possibility of systemic hypersensitivity reaction to chlorhexidine in a previously sensitized person. The report also will add fixed drug eruption to the list of skin hypersensitivity reactions caused by chlorhexidine.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1993

Tranexamic acid as a mouthwash in anticoagulant-treated patients undergoing oral surgery. An alternative method to discontinuing anticoagulant therapy.

A double-blind randomized study was carried out to evaluate the clinical hemostatic effect of tranexamic acid mouthwash after dental extraction in 30 patients who received anticoagulant agents. Surgery was performed with a reduction in the level of anticoagulant therapy in the control group and with no change in the level of anticoagulant therapy in the group who received the tranexamic acid. After the extraction the surgical field was irrigated with a 5% solution of tranexamic acid in the group of 15 patients whose anticoagulant treatment had not been discontinued and with a placebo solution in the group of 15 patients for whom the anticoagulant therapy was reduced. Patients were instructed to rinse their mouths with 10 ml of the assigned solution for 2 minutes four times a day for 7 days. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in the bleeding incidence after oral surgery. We conclude that the anticoagulant treatment does not need to be withdrawn before oral surgery provided that local antifibrinolytic therapy is instituted.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1995

Adverse effects of mouthwash use. A review.

Many persons use mouthrinses as a part of their routine oral hygiene. Although rinses impart some benefits to users, improper use of mouthrinses may result in various side effects. This paper reviews the adverse effects of mouthwash use as reported in the English-language literature.

Drug Hypersensitivity↗