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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Systematic revision--a contribution to the treatment strategy of early infection in trauma surgery].

Infections of the soft tissue and joint are the serious complication in traumatology. We are presenting our new surgical planned revision concept based on the clinical findings and the microbial sensitivity test. This concept shows that a number of radical debridements influencing by the local findings and the sterile results of 2 following cytologic smears led us to a higher certainty in healing surgical soft tissue and joint infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An infection inhibiting urinary catheter material.

Catheter associated bacteriuria is a common infection in hospitals and nursing homes. An infection inhibiting catheter material for fabricating urinary catheters is being developed. The material consists of silicone rubber elastomer compounded with chlorhexidene gluconate (CHG) matrix. The antibiotic is released in sustained fashion over at least 4 weeks. A method was established for adding CHG to silicone rubber. To protect the CHG, it is suspended in a water soluble wax that also modulates CHG release from the elastomer. It was found that CHG is randomly dispersed in the elastomer and that the primary release mechanism is by diffusion. The antibacterial activity of the material with a range of 0.1 to 5% CHG by weight was examined using in vitro zone inhibition testing. The new material demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against three pathogens tested (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis.). The release rate of CHG was measured in vitro using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). With 5% CHG loading, the antibiotic was released at a steady rate of approximately 8.4 mg/cm2/day for periods extending beyond 4 weeks. This new material for urinary catheters has the potential to provide protection against infection and surface colonization.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonization of the chicken trachea by an avirulent avian Escherichia coli transformed with plasmid pHK11.

Recombinant plasmid pHK11 was transformed into an avirulent, wild-type avian Escherichia coli (E. coli Av) in order to study the plasmid's effect on colonization of the chicken trachea. The transformant (E. coli Av + pHK11) produced colicin V (ColV), had type F1 fimbriae, and was motile. The E. coli Av recipient possessed type F1 fimbriae but was nonmotile; it did not produce ColV. Four-day-old chicks were inoculated in the trachea with 100 microliters of an overnight culture (approximately 10(8) colony-forming units) of E. coli Av, E. coli Av + pHK11, or sterile brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth. A group of uninoculated chicks was also included. Samples of the trachea were taken on days 4 and 10 postinoculation and compared histologically and bacteriologically. Birds inoculated with E. coli Av + pHK11 had enhanced tracheal colonization and showed increased histologic changes as compared with those inoculated with E. coli Av or BHI broth or uninoculated controls. These results indicate that production of ColV and motility enhance the colonization of the trachea and may be involved in the cause of pathologic lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Use of the LAL test for quantitative determination of Bacteroids fragilis endotoxin].

The aim of this study was the evaluation of LAL test with chromogenic substrate usefulness for the quantitative detection of B. fragilis endotoxin and the determination of the amount of endotoxin in culture filtrates of the strains of this species. Also, the trial was undertaken to determine the influence of clindamycin on endotoxin release from B. fragilis rods to the culture medium. Four B. fragilis strains were examined: one nonenterotoxigenic (NTBF) and three enterotoxigenic (ETBF). The growth of cultures was determined and endotoxin liberated to the culture medium during growth of strains was detected. BHI broth and BHI broth with addition of sub inhibitory doses (sub-MIC) of clindamycin were applied. Bacterial cultures were incubated for 48 hours at 37 degrees C. Samples of bacterial cultures were collected after 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours of cultivation, and the optical density was measured. Then the samples were centrifuged, supernatants were filtered through 0.45 micron filters and concentrated three times with 5000 D ultrafilters. Prepared samples were kept frozen at -70 degrees C until used. The amount of endotoxin in samples was determined using quantitative LAL test with chromogenic substrate S-2423. The results of the experiments indicate that LAL test is the useful method for determination of B. fragilis endotoxin concentration. This endotoxin activates the enzymatic system present in Limulus polyphemus amebocyte lysate. Endotoxin is shed spontaneously by B. fragilis rods to the culture medium during growth. Clindamycin at subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) inhibits the growth of cultures of examined strains. The antibiotic caused increase in endotoxin amount in culture medium.

Bacteroides fragilis↗