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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Somatosensory evoked potential, neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of cervical spinal cord decompression.

The present study was designed to determine the relationship between neurological testing, anatomical imaging, and electrophysiological monitoring for assessing outcome of cervical spinal cord decompression. We prospectively studied 28 consecutive patients (age 39-76 yr) who were subjected to presurgical-(1-3 wk) and postsurgical (3-4 mo) neurological examination and recording of the median nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP). In 13 patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed. Changes in neurological function, SEP and MRI were evaluated and graded as (1) improvement,(2) no change or (3) deterioration. Neurological outcome (NO) was based on changes in motor grade strength, sensory, reflexes and gait. The SEP outcome was based on changes in latency and disappearance of SEP waveform components whereas MRI evaluation was based on changes in spinal cord and canal diameters. Significance of association between NO, SEP and MRI was determined by Pearson's Chi-Square statistic (P<.05). The SEP improved in 71% (20/28) and deteriorated in 28% (8/28) of the subjects. An association between SEP changes and NO was found in 82% (23/28) of the subjects (P = .0038). Decompression increased the spinal canal diameter in 92% (12/13), and the spinal cord diameter in 38% (5/13) of the subjects. An association between NO, or SEP and MRI was not detected. Changes in median nerve SEP latency appear to be predictive of the neurological status of patients subjected to cervical spinal cord decompression. Postoperative increments in SEP latency or disappearance of the SEP waves were indicative of poor outcome after surgical decompression of the cervical spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Recovery and neurological examination after remifentanil-desflurane or fentanyl-desflurane anaesthesia for carotid artery surgery.

We studied 44 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) to compare recovery after general anaesthesia with desflurane supplemented with either remifentanil or fentanyl. Remifentanil was infused at 0.1 microg kg(-1) min(-1) and desflurane was adjusted at 2 vol% end-tidal. Fentanyl was given as a bolus dose of 2 microg kg(-1) before induction and repeated at skin incision; desflurane was adjusted as needed. Times for early recovery and response to simple neurological tests (digit symbol substitution test (DSST) and Trieger dot test (TDT)) were measured 30, 60 and 90 min after operation. Emergence from remifentanil-desflurane anaesthesia was significantly quicker than that from fentanyl-desflurane anaesthesia: mean times to extubation were 4.1 (SD 1.7) and 8.2 (4.9) min, respectively; mean times for patients to state their name correctly were 6.0 (2.8) and 13.8 (9.0) min, respectively. Patients in the remifentanil-desflurane group successfully performed neurological tests significantly earlier than those in the fentanyl-desflurane group; for example, patients in the former group completed the arm holding test at 7.9 (3.0) min, while those in the latter group did this at 20.6 (19.7) min (P < or = 0.01). Intermediate recovery was less impaired at 30 min (DSST, TDT) and at 60 min (DSST). More rapid awakening and an earlier opportunity for neurological examination suggest that remifentanil-desflurane is a suitable alternative to a standard fentanyl-based general anaesthetic technique in patients undergoing CEA.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical neurological examination, neuropsychology, electroencephalography and computed tomographic head scanning in active amateur boxers.

Twenty active amateur boxers were studied seeking evidence of neurological dysfunction and, if present, the best method for detecting it. Seven of these boxers had an abnormal clinical neurological examination, eight an abnormal EEG and nine of 15 examined had abnormal neuropsychometry. The CT scan was abnormal in only one. An abnormal clinical examination correlated significantly (p less than 0.05) with an increasing number of fights, and an abnormal EEG with decreasing age (p less than 0.05). In several of the neuropsychometric tests, the boxers were significantly worse than controls (p less than 0.05). Neuropsychometry was the best method for detecting neurological dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Patterns of breath intervals during non-nutritive sucking in full-term and 'at risk' preterm infants with normal neurological examinations.

The interaction between respiration and non-nutritive sucking rhythms was investigated in 12 sleeping, normal full-term, newborn infants and in 14 preterm infants were were examined repeatedly at 34, 40 and 46 wk of conceptional age. Full-term infants showed a shortening of breath intervals in the middle of sucking bursts and a lengthening of the breath interval spanning the end of sucking bursts. The differences were more marked in females than males. A rhythm interaction between sucking and respiration was also observed in preterm infants as young as 34 wk of conceptional age. Clinical neurological examinations did not discriminate between preterm infants above and below a median score for optimal obstetric conditions, but the interaction between breathing and sucking rhythms made such discrimination, most clearly in females. Preterm infants with lower optimal obstetric scores showed less change of breath durations during sucking than preterms with higher scores. It was concluded that interaction of concurrent motor rhythms may be a sensitive index of central nervous system integrity in newborn infants, even when there are no clinical neurological signs of nervous system dysfunction.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed2006

Essential tremor prevalence is low in Arabic villages in Israel: door-to-door neurological examinations.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of essential tremor (ET) in Arabic villages of Wadi Ara. BACKGROUND: The prevalence ET which is higher than Parkinson's disease in North America and Europe, differs according to study population and methodology. Since hospital record based epidemiology carries referral bias and might provide low estimates of ET prevalence, we carried a population based survey. METHODS: This door-to-door survey comprised the Arabic villages of Wadi Ara in Northern Israel. Consecutive residents who agreed to participate in the study and were older than 64 years at prevalence day, underwent neurological examination. Medical and family history, medication and response to medication were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 444 subjects that were approached, 428 agreed to participate in the study (refusal rate 3.6%). Four were excluded owing to severe systemic disease. The study population consisted of 424 subjects (54% men, mean age 74+/-7 years). A clearly oscillatory action tremor of moderate amplitude was observed in 8 patients (age 75+/-7 years). Six patients had another possible cause of tremor. The prevalence of ET was calculated as 1.89% (95% CI 1.76-2.0) when all tremor cases were accepted as possible ET and 0.47% (95 CI 0.43-0.52) when patients with other causes of tremor were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ET in Arabic villages of Wadi Ara is low.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

A special neurological examination of children with learning disabilities.

Children with "minimal brain dysfunction" and learning disabilities were found to have significantly more minor neurological signs than control children. Many of these signs become less obvious or disappear by the age of 11 years; therefore older cases are more similar to controls, whereas younger cases show lags or deficits at the highest levels of central nervous system functioning-language, fine motor co-ordination and cross-modality integrations.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Neurological examination of newborn foals.

Behaviour and response to neurological testing of apparently healthy newborn foals differed significantly from the adult in several ways. Foals responded to external stimulation with exaggerated movements although they tended to sink into a relaxed state when restrained. They had a more angular head position and assumed a base wide stance. The menace reflex developed during the first two weeks post partum. In general, the foals' gait was choppy or dysmetric. In lateral recumbency the foals had increased extensor tone, hyperreflexive tendon reflexes, crossed extensor reflexes as well as recumbent extensor thrust reflexes in all four limbs.

Animals↗