SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Nausea”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3A and 3B receptor genes on nausea induced by paroxetine.

We investigated the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3A and 3B receptor (HTR3A and HTR3B) gene polymorphisms on nausea induced by paroxetine in Japanese psychiatric patients. Blood samples were collected from 78 individuals after at least 2 weeks treatment with the same daily dose of paroxetine. The patients visited every 2 weeks and the paroxetine dose was changed in response to their clinical symptoms. Nausea was assessed at each visit. The Tyr129Ser polymorphism of the HTR3B gene had a significant effect on the incidence of nausea (P=0.038). Logistic regression analysis also showed that patients with the Tyr/Tyr genotype had a 3.95-fold (P=0.048) higher risk of developing nausea than patients with the Ser allele. HTR3A gene polymorphisms and the CYP2D6 gene polymorphisms had no significant effect on the incidence of nausea. The mean score of nausea severity was corrected by the Bonferroni test. HTR3B gene polymorphisms are significant predictors of paroxetine-induced nausea.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Post-operative nausea and vomiting following orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery.

Fifty-five consecutive patients undergoing a short-stay ophthalmic operation (orbital hydroxyapatite implantation) were recruited over 1 year to assess the frequency and duration of post-operative nausea and vomiting over 7 days. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in hospital was recorded. Patients scored their nausea and vomiting four times daily at home. By the end of the first day after surgery, 31 (75%) patients had experienced mild to severe nausea. Eighteen (38%) patients became nauseated on five or more occasions. Nineteen (35%) patients had vomited by the end of the first day after surgery and, over 7 days, 24 (43%) patients had vomited on one or more occasion. Three patients reported that they had vomited during the journey home. Vomiting was not correlated with pain or a past history of post-operative nausea and vomiting. However, there was a statistically significant correlation between nausea and pain. The high incidence of nausea and vomiting observed in this study appears to provide additional evidence of an oculo-emetic reflex. The timing of discharge and appropriate patient education are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

The efficacy of acupressure to prevent nausea and vomiting in post-operative patients.

BACKGROUND: Post-operative nausea and vomiting is a common complication following general anaesthesia. Traditional Chinese medicine indicates that acupressure therapy may reduce nausea and vomiting in certain ailments. AIM(S) OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of stimulating two acupressure points on prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting. DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized block experimental design was used. The Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching (INVR) questionnaire was used as a tool to measure incidence. To control the motion sickness variable, the subjects who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned to a finger-pressing group, a wrist-band group, and a control group. There were 150 subjects in total with each group consisting of 50 subjects. The acupoints and treatment times were similar in the finger-pressing group and wrist-band pressing group, whereas only conversation was employed in the control group. RESULTS: Significant differences in the incidence of the post-operative nausea and vomiting were found between the acupressure, wrist-band, and control groups, with a reduction in the incidence rate of nausea from 73.0% to 43.2% and vomiting incidence rate from 90.5% to 42.9% in the former. The amount of vomitus and the degree of discomfort were, respectively, less and lower in the former group. CONCLUSION: In view of the total absence of side-effects in acupressure, its application is worthy of use. This study confirmed the effectiveness of acupressure in preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting.

Acupressure↗

PubMed2001

Double-blind comparative trial of oral ondansetron versus oral granisetron versus IV ondansetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic preparative regimens prior to stem cell transplantation.

The optimal management of transplantation preparative regimen-induced nausea and vomiting remains unknown. We conducted a Phase III double-blind study to determine the efficacy and costs of oral ondansetron versus oral granisetron versus IV ondansetron and PRN rescue antiemetics for the prevention/control of nausea and vomiting associated with high-dose chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy prior to stem cell transplantation. One hundred two patients were randomized to receive either 8 mg PO ondansetron every 8 hours, 1 mg PO granisetron every 12 hours, or 32 mg IV ondansetron every 24 hours plus 10 mg IV dexamethasone daily during and 1 day after the various preparative regimens. Study arms were compared in terms of emetic episodes, subjective nausea, amount and cost of rescue antiemetics used, and total costs. Response was defined as complete response (CR), no emesis with no or mild nausea and no rescue antiemetics; major response (MR), 1 episode of emesis or moderate nausea with or without rescue antiemetics; and major efficacy (ME), CR + MR. Subjective nausea was assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) with 0 = no nausea. Ninety-six patients completed the study; the trial was analyzed according to intention-to-treat. Overall CR rates were: 48% for oral ondansetron, 47% for oral granisetron, and 49% for IV ondansetron. Overall ME rates were 82% for oral ondansetron, 84% for oral granisetron, and 81% for IV ondansetron. Mean VAS scores were 32 for oral ondansetron, 32 for oral granisetron, and 27 for IV ondansetron. None of the differences were statistically significant. A cost analysis revealed significant differences among all arms (P = .0001, all comparisons). All 3 regimens had similar efficacy in this BMT population; oral ondansetron was the most cost-effective.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1999

Efficacy of an ondansetron orally disintegrating tablet: a novel oral formulation of this 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist in the treatment of fractionated radiotherapy-induced nausea and emesis. Emesis Study Group for the Ondansetron Orally Disintegrating Tablet in Radiotherapy Treatment.

A significant number of patients who are receiving radiotherapy experience the distressing side effects of emesis and nausea. Although prophylactic antiemetics are often given to patients who are receiving single-fraction, high-dose radiotherapy to the abdomen, a survey has revealed that antiemetic prophylaxis is not routinely offered to those receiving fractionated radiotherapy. Hence there is a need for an effective treatment of emesis for use in this group of patients. Ondansetron is an effective and well-tolerated antiemetic, which is used for the prevention of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced emesis and nausea. This agent has been developed as a novel freeze-dried oral formulation. Ondansetron orally disintegrating tablets (ondODT) disperse rapidly when placed on the tongue. As the tablet does not need to be swallowed with water, it is a particularly useful formulation for patients who have difficulty with swallowing or who do not feel able to drink. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of ondODT in the treatment of established emesis and nausea induced by radiotherapy. Two doses of ondODT, 8 mg and 16 mg, were compared with placebo in patients who developed emesis and/or moderate/severe nausea after receiving fractionated radiotherapy to sites located between the thorax and the pelvis. The study showed that ondODT was clinically superior to placebo in treating emesis and nausea successfully over a 12-hour period after taking the medication. There were no statistically significant differences between the two doses of ondODT. In the 2 hours after taking the study medication, patients who received ondODT (8 mg and 16 mg) had significantly fewer emetic episodes compared with those who received placebo. They also experienced significantly less nausea. In conclusion, ondODT 8 mg is effective in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced emesis and nausea and provides an effective alternative to the conventional ondansetron tablet.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

Gastrointestinal factors in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

The objective of this review is to outline gastrointestinal factors that may be relevant to nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Gastric neuromuscular dysfunctions of the stomach include abnormalities in gastric myoelectrical activity, gastric tone, and contractility, all of which may result in gastroparesis. These abnormalities in gastric neural activity and smooth muscle function are associated with nausea and vomiting in nonpregnant patients. Gastric dysrhythmias are disturbances of gastric pacesetter potential patterns that are present during the nausea of motion sickness, drug-induced nausea, in patients with diabetic gastropathy, and women with nausea of pregnancy. In pregnant women with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, standard gastrointestinal diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, peptic ulcers, and cholecystitis must be considered. A diagnostic approach and therapeutic options for treating nausea and vomiting of pregnancy based on understanding of gastric neuromuscular dysfunction is outlined.

Female↗

PubMed1996

A randomized, double-blind, multicentre study comparing daily 2 and 5 mg of tropisetron for the control of nausea and vomiting induced by low-dose cisplatin- or non-cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: This study compares efficacy, safety and tolerability of 2 and 5 mg tropisetron in prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by low-dose cisplatin- or non-cisplatin-containing chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 152 chemotherapy-naïve cancer patients were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive 2 or 5 mg tropisetron intravenously day 1 and orally days 2-6. Primary efficacy criteria were control of acute (day 1) and delayed (days 2-6) vomiting and nausea. Secondary efficacy criteria included overall control (days 1-6) and control of vomiting and nausea by chemotherapy regimen. Safety and tolerability were evaluated clinically, biochemically and by the patient's diary. Only the first cycle was evaluated. RESULTS: 124 of the 144 intention-to-treat patients were evaluable. There was a better total control (no events) of acute vomiting in the 5 mg (73%) than in the 2 mg group (55%, P = 0.02). Total control (< or = 15 minutes) of acute nausea was obtained in 70% of the 5 mg group and in 51% of the 2 mg (P = 0.03). No differences were observed for total control of delayed nausea or vomiting and for the overall outcome of nausea. Less vomiting (days 1-6) occurred in the 5 mg than in the 2 mg group. Efficacy rates ranged widely between chemotherapy regimens, independent of the tropisetron dose groups. There occurred more headache in the 5-mg group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Once daily 5 mg tropisetron is superior to 2 mg for prevention of acute vomiting and nausea induced by low-dose cisplatin- or non-cisplatin chemotherapy regimens, but causes more headache.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2000

Intrathecal fentanyl is superior to intravenous ondansetron for the prevention of perioperative nausea during cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia.

This study compares intrathecal (IT) fentanyl with IV ondansetron for preventing intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean deliveries performed with spinal anesthesia. Thirty healthy parturients presenting for elective cesarean delivery with standardized bupivacaine spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive 20 microg IT fentanyl (Group F) or 4 mg IV ondansetron (Group O) by using double-blinded methodology. At eight specific intervals during the surgery, a blinded observer questioned the patient about nausea (1 = nausea, 0 = no nausea), observed for the presence of retching or vomiting (1 = vomiting or retching, 0 = no vomiting or retching), and recorded a verbal pain score (0-10, 0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain imaginable). Cumulative nausea, vomiting, and pain scores were calculated as the sum of the eight measurements. Intraoperative nausea was decreased in the IT fentanyl group compared with the IV ondansetron group: the median (interquartile range) difference in nausea scores was 1 (1, 2), P = 0.03. The incidence of vomiting and treatment for vomiting was not different (P = 0.7). The IT fentanyl group had a lower cumulative perioperative pain score than the IV ondansetron group; the median difference in the cumulative pain score was 12 (8, 16) (P = 0.0007). The IT fentanyl group required less supplementary intraoperative analgesia. The median difference in the cumulative fentanyl dose was 100 (75, 100) microg fentanyl, (P = 0.0002).

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗

PubMed2000

A randomized, double-blinded comparison of ondansetron, droperidol, and placebo for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after supratentorial craniotomy.

UNLABELLED: Nausea or vomiting occurs frequently after craniotomy. Because of the need for frequent postoperative neurological assessment, an effective antiemetic with minimal sedative side effects is needed. Therefore, we compared ondansetron to droperidol in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. A total of 60 adults requiring elective supratentorial craniotomy received standardized IV anesthesia with 4 mg of ondansetron, 0.625 mg of droperidol, or placebo at skin closure. The incidence of postoperative nausea, emesis, pain and sedation scores, and rescue antiemetic use were recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. All groups were demographically similar. Differences existed for cumulative 8, 12, and 24 h incidences of nausea (24 h, P = 0.03) and emesis (24 h, P = 0.04). Within 4 h, when maximal effect could be expected from treatment, 20% of the ondansetron group, 25% of the droperidol group and 50% of the placebo group received rescue antiemetic (P = 0.12). No differences in pain (P = 0.82) or sedation (P = 0.74) scores were detected. Both ondansetron and droperidol prevent nausea; however, only droperidol reduces emesis after supratentorial craniotomy. The dose of droperidol used was not more sedating than ondansetron. Sustained reduction in nausea and emesis over 24 h indicates a preemptive benefit of prophylactic antiemetic in this surgical population. IMPLICATIONS: Nausea and vomiting after brain surgery are particularly troubling, because effective treatment may cause sedation, making postoperative neurological assessment difficult. Our study shows that both ondansetron and droperidol are effective in reducing nausea, and that droperidol is particularly effective in reducing vomiting. Neither drug caused more sedation than placebo.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Supplemental oxygen reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

BACKGROUND: Despite new anesthetic drugs and antiemetics, particularly 5-hydroxytryptamines, the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting remains between 20% and 70%. The authors tested the hypothesis that supplemental perioperative oxygen administration reduces the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting. METHODS: Patients undergoing colon resection were anesthetized with fentanyl and isoflurane. During and for 2 h after surgery they were randomly assigned to (1) 30% oxygen, balance nitrogen (n = 119); or (2) 80% oxygen, balance nitrogen (n = 112). The incidence of nausea or vomiting during the first 24 postoperative hours was evaluated by nurses blinded to group assignment and oxygen concentration. Data were analyzed with unpaired t or Mann-Whitney U tests. Results are presented as means +/- SD; P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Factors known to influence nausea and vomiting were comparable in the two groups. Perioperative oxygen saturation was well within normal limits in each treatment group; saturations the first postoperative morning were comparable in each group. Supplemental oxygen reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting from 30% in the patients given 30% oxygen to 17% in those given 80% oxygen (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental oxygen reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting nearly twofold after colorectal surgery. The mechanism by which oxygen administration reduces the incidence of these postoperative sequelae remains unknown but may be related to subtle intestinal ischemia. Because oxygen is inexpensive and essentially risk-free, supplemental oxygen appears to be an effective method of reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Although the aetiology of postoperative nausea and vomiting is not completely clear, a number of key contributing factors increase the risk for an individual patient. The inhalational agents are variably associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting, and nitrous oxide is particularly emetogenic. Older inhalational anaesthetics, such as cyclopropane, are associated with a high incidence, while the currently used agents, isoflurane, enflurane and halothane, cause less, but still significant postoperative nausea and vomiting. Intravenous anaesthetics are also associated with differing degrees of emesis, though the newer agent, propofol, may be less emetogenic than the older anaesthetics. Opioids, used extensively throughout surgery, are further strong emetogens. Patient factors are also important--postoperative nausea and vomiting is three times more prevalent in adult females than in males, and children are around twice as susceptible as adults. Furthermore, a previous history of postoperative nausea and vomiting or motion sickness is a known risk factor. Superimposed on this is the type of surgery--abdominal and gynaecological surgery are particularly emetogenic, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting following strabismus surgery is high. Increased quality of healthcare, and a growing awareness of the importance of patient satisfaction, are providing new incentives to ensure that postoperative nausea and vomiting is dealt with adequately.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Single dose intravenous ondansetron for the 24-hour treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a major concern for patients undergoing outpatient surgery under general anaesthesia, and may complicate and delay discharge from hospital. This paper evaluates the safety and efficacy of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. One thousand patients in 30 centres in the United States who received general anaesthesia and developed postoperative nausea and vomiting were studied. In a randomised, double-blind, stratified and parallel designed protocol, patients received either ondansetron 1, 4, 8 mg or placebo for nausea or vomiting occurring within 2 h of entry into the Post Anaesthesia Care Unit. Subsequent episodes of vomiting, nausea scores, laboratory and clinical safety data and adverse events were evaluated during the 24-h study period. In a separate study, pharmacokinetic data were compared for intramuscularly and intravenously administered ondansetron. Each dose of ondansetron was significantly better than placebo in reducing nausea from control values during the initial 2-h study period, and in preventing further emesis over 24 h. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events, changes in laboratory values or measures of vital signs in the ondansetron groups compared to the placebo group. Dose comparisons between the three treatment groups showed that ondansetron 4 mg is the optimal dose to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron is a well tolerated, efficacious antiemetic which has a similar side effect profile to placebo. Intramuscular administration has the same systemic availability as intravenous administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

A survey of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

A prospective interview-based survey on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 1107 in-patients aged 4-86 years was conducted during a 3-month period. Nausea, emetic episodes and the need for anti-emetic medication were recorded for 24 h postoperatively. In the recovery room, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was 18% and 5%, respectively. Over the whole 24-h period, these figures were 52% and 25%, respectively; severe nausea was experienced by 8%. The highest incidence of emetic sequelae was observed in gynaecological patients; 52% of the 822 patients who received general anaesthesia and 38% of the 285 patients who received regional anaesthesia reported nausea. The most important predictive factors associated with an increased risk for nausea and vomiting were female gender, a previous history of postoperative sickness, a longer duration of surgery, nonsmoking and a history of motion sickness. Based on these five items, a simple score predicting the risk of nausea and vomiting was constructed with a moderately good discriminating power.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Psychosocial factors related to nausea, vomiting, and fatigue in early pregnancy.

PURPOSE: To test whether nausea and vomiting or fatigue correlated with psychosocial variables. DESIGN: Descriptive, using secondary data from a prenatal database of 113 women in prenatal care in Texas. Mean gestational duration was 59 days at the time of data collection. METHODS: Psychosocial factors, frequency of nausea and vomiting and of fatigue were determined by use of questionnaires. Psychosocial measures had reliability and validity and included the Personal Resources Questionnaire and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A checklist was used for measuring nausea and vomiting and fatigue. FINDINGS: Of 113 participants, 30 (26.5%) reported no, 43 (38.1%) occasional, and 40 (35.4%) frequent nausea and vomiting. Depressive symptoms had the highest correlation with nausea and vomiting. Social support was negatively related to nausea and vomiting. Four (3.5%) women reported no fatigue, 49 (43.4%) reported occasional fatigue, and 60 (53.1%) reported frequent fatigue in the past month. Depressive symptoms had the highest correlation with fatigue. The chi-square statistic showed that fatigue was significantly related to employment. Fatigue was not significantly associated with work hours or stressfulness of jobs. CONCLUSIONS: Only a limited number of psychosocial factors were associated with nausea and vomiting and fatigue in early pregnancy. Depression was related to physical symptoms, but unclear was whether depression preceded or resulted from the symptoms. Many women experienced symptoms, and better understanding of causality is needed to ameliorate the effects on women's well-being.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Monoamine oxidase A gene polymorphism, 5-HT 2A receptor gene polymorphism and incidence of nausea induced by fluvoxamine.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause a side effect of nausea with high frequency, but there have been no accurate methods to predict its incidence. The authors first investigated whether a functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA-VNTR) and a -1438G/A polymorphism in the promoter region of the 5-HT(2A) gene were associated with the incidence of nausea induced by fluvoxamine. Fluvoxamine was administered for 6 weeks with a specific dosage plan (50-200 mg/day) in 66 Japanese major depressive patients. The frequency of MAOA-VNTR allele 1 was significantly higher in the patients without nausea than in ones with nausea in the statistical analysis including the patients whose plasma levels were below the average and who were considered to be pharmacodynamically more sensitive to nausea. This study showed that the genetic polymorphism of MAOA-VNTR might affect the incidence of nausea induced by SSRIs. If this finding is replicated in other studies with more subjects, MAOA-VNTR polymorphism would be of great clinical use to predict the incidence of nausea induced by SSRIs.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Single 8 mg dose of oral ondansetron failed to prevent FAC chemotherapy-induced acute nausea and vomiting.

The aim of this open, nonrandomized, monocentric study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single daily dose of 8 mg oral ondansetron in the prophylaxis of acute nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy-naive breast cancer patients receiving their first cycle of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC). Forty-five female patients were recruited, median age 42 years. The number of emetic episodes and the grade of nausea were recorded. 51% of patients achieved complete, and 9% major control of acute emesis. 33% of patients experienced no acute nausea, and in 18% nausea was mild. Complete protection from nausea and vomiting (complete prophylaxis) was obtained in 12/45 (27%) of patients. Treatment success (no vomiting with no more than mild nausea) was achieved in 18/45 (40%) of patients. We conclude that the efficacy of a single dose of 8 mg oral ondansetron in controlling acute nausea and vomiting induced by FAC chemotherapy is not high enough to justify its use as a sole antiemetic agent in outpatients.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

PURPOSE: Assess the effectiveness of acupuncture-point stimulation on acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized trials of acupuncture-point stimulation by needles, electrical stimulation, magnets, or acupressure were retrieved. Data were provided by investigators of the original trials and pooled using a fixed-effects model. RESULTS: Eleven trials (N = 1,247) were pooled. Overall, acupuncture-point stimulation reduced the proportion of acute vomiting (relative risks [RR] = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.99; P = .04), but not the mean number of acute emetic episodes or acute or delayed nausea severity compared with controls. By modality, stimulation with needles reduced the proportion of acute vomiting (RR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.94; P = .01), but not acute nausea severity. Electroacupuncture reduced the proportion of acute vomiting (RR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.97; P = .02), but manual acupuncture did not; delayed symptoms were not reported. Acupressure reduced mean acute nausea severity (standardized mean difference = -0.19; 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.01; P = .03) and most severe acute nausea, but not acute vomiting or delayed symptoms. Noninvasive electrostimulation showed no benefit for any outcome. All trials used concomitant pharmacologic antiemetics, and all, except electroacupuncture trials, used state-of-the-art antiemetics. CONCLUSION: This review complements data on postoperative nausea and vomiting, suggesting a biologic effect of acupuncture-point stimulation. Electroacupuncture has demonstrated benefit for chemotherapy-induced acute vomiting, but studies with state-of-the-art antiemetics as well as studies for refractory symptoms are needed to determine clinical relevance. Acupressure seems to reduce chemotherapy-induced acute nausea severity, though studies did not involve a placebo control. Noninvasive electrostimulation seems unlikely to have a clinically relevant impact when patients are given state-of-the-art pharmacologic antiemetic therapy.

Acupuncture Points↗

PubMed2006

Delayed nausea and vomiting continue to reduce patients' quality of life after highly and moderately emetogenic chemotherapy despite antiemetic treatment.

PURPOSE: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are major adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy. We compared the impact of acute (during the first 24 hours postchemotherapy) and delayed (days 2 through 5 postchemotherapy) CINV on patients' quality of life (QoL) after highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC and MEC, respectively). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, multinational study was conducted in 14 medical practices on cancer patients undergoing either HEC or MEC treatment. Patients recorded episodes of nausea and vomiting in a diary. Patients completed the Functional Living Index-Emesis (FLIE) questionnaire at baseline and on day 6. RESULTS: A total of 298 patients were assessable (67 HEC patients, 231 MEC patients). Emesis was reported by 36.4% of patients (13.2% acute, 32.5% delayed) and nausea by 59.7% (36.2% acute, 54.3% delayed). HEC patients reported significantly lower mean FLIE total score than MEC patients (95.5 v 107.8 respectively; P = .0049). Among all patients, the nausea score was significantly lower than the vomiting score (50.0 and 55.3, respectively; P = .0097). Of the 173 patients who experienced neither vomiting nor nausea during the first 24 hours postchemotherapy, 22.9% reported an impact of CINV on daily life caused by delayed CINV. CONCLUSION: CINV continues to adversely affect patients' QoL despite antiemetic therapy even after treatment with only moderately emetogenic chemotherapy regimens, and even in the subgroup of patients who do not experience nausea and vomiting during the first 24 hours. On the basis of the FLIE results in this study, nausea had a stronger negative impact on patients' daily lives than vomiting.

Adult↗