SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “PANOPHTHALMITIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Case of anaerobic infection in penetrating injury of the eye].

A patient with penetrating wound of the eye is described, whose wound has been contaminated with anaerobic infection. Clinical picture of anaerobic panophthalmitis has been rather typical, with the infection penetrating into soft tissues of the orbit. Evisceration of the eyeball was performed. Multiple-modality treatment was carried out. The infectious process has not progressed beyond the orbit. The diagnosis has been confirmed bacteriologically.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗

PubMed1989

Endogenous endophthalmitis with lenticular abscess caused by Enterobacter agglomerans (Erwinia species).

We report for the first time a case of metastatic endophthalmitis caused by the gram-negative organism Enterobacter agglomerans (Erwinia species). One day following internal hemorrhoidal ligation, the patient developed anterior uveitis that progressed to panophthalmitis with a lenticular abscess and a necrotic retina. Despite aggressive surgery and appropriate antibiotic therapy, the affected eye lost useful vision.

Abscess↗

PubMed1978

Mycotic keratitis in a reticulated python.

An adult male python was observed to have an inflamed right eye. After several weeks of antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy, a granulomatous mass was noticed on the cornea. The condition became progressively worse and the eye was enucleated. The histologic diagnosis was granulomatous mycotic keratitis with panophthalmitis.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

The role of mucin on experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in rabbits.

The role of mucin in the manifestation of Pseudomonas keratitis was studied. Pseudomonas was cultivated in solutions of mucin, in which it grew rapidly and then inoculated into rabbit cornea by needle pricks. When the organism was inoculated as a suspension in saline, infection infrequently occurred as small ring abscesses of short duration around a few sites of inoculation. When the organism was inoculated as a suspension in a solution of gastric mucin, infection was usually observed as severe hypopyon-keratitis with formation of a huge ring abscess. Corneal perforation and panophthalmitis resulted in some cases. It was thus concluded that the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas is definitely increased when it was inoculated into the cornea with mucin solution.

Abscess↗

PubMed1993

A murine model of experimental autoimmune lens-induced uveitis using Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide as a potent immunological adjuvant.

Experimental autoimmune uveitis and finally panophthalmitis could be produced in mice by repeated immunization of syngeneic eyeball extract mixed with Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide (KO3 LPS) as a powerful immunological adjuvant. No ocular lesions were produced in mice given eyeball extract emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), KO3 LPS alone or eyeball extract alone. Histopathological changes in the ocular lesions at the early stage after the second or tertiary immunization were characterized by infiltration with inflammatory cells in the ciliary body and iris. The iridocyclitis was followed by extensive infiltration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) into the cornea, lens and the surrounding tissues after repeated immunization. Finally, these areas were replaced by granulomatous tissues infiltrated with mononuclear cells. On the other hand, the structure of the retina and sclera was partially preserved. Those mice exhibited production of autoantibodies and development of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to syngeneic eyeball extract. Moreover, ocular lesions could be produced in normal recipient mice by transfer of sensitized lymphocytes from hyperimmunized mice. Therefore, it was suggested that the ocular lesions produced by repeated immunization with the mixture of eyeball extract and KO3 LPS were due to the autoimmune mechanism. This might be useful to model immunological phenomena in the pathogenesis of human phacoantigenic uveitis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1977

Bacillus laterosporus endophthalmitis.

A strain of Bacillus laterosporus was isolated from the aqueous and vitreous humors of a patient with endophthalmitis that developed after a penetrating injury of the cornea. Intravitreal inoculation of the isolate into rabbits produced severe panophthalmitis, corneal perforation, orbital cellulitis, and even meningitis. These observations suggest that B laterosporus, hitherto classified as nonpathogenic, is an opportunist that can cause disease when conditions are favorable.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Experimental allergic uveitis: clinicopathologic features associated with varying doses of S antigen.

Considerable differences were observed in the experimental autoimmune disease elicited by retinal S antigen, depending on the immunizing dose. An inoculum of 50 microgram produced a massive panophthalmitis containing many polymorphonuclear leukocytes, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells. A less severe endophthalmitis was seen in animals receiving 25 microgram of antigen. Animals receiving between 5 and 10 microgram of antigen developed a disease characterized by a granulomatous uveitis. The inflammatory infiltrate consisted primarily of mononuclear and epithelioid elements and appeared virtually identical to that seen in sympathetic ophthalmia. One microgram of S antigen produced primarily a nongranulomatous posterior uveitis composed chiefly of mononuclear cells. The principal change in the character of the disease occurred at dose levels between 10 and 25 microgram. This change consisted of the disappearance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and eosinophils at the lower dose levels. These histopathologic changes suggest that at higher dose levels an immune complex disease may be superimposed on or replace a presumably cell-mediated hypersensitivity response.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Bacterial endophthalmitis in neonates.

Invasive bacterial eye infections in the neonate range from perforating keratitis to panophthalmitis. These infections have gained clinical and therapeutic importance since mortality rates are high and prognosis concerning preservation of vision is poor. Effective antibiotics against the infective agents are now available. Risk factors for developing invasive bacterial eye infections are mainly prematurity and colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed2002

First evidence of an endogenous Spiroplasma sp. infection in humans manifesting as unilateral cataract associated with anterior uveitis in a premature baby.

PURPOSE: To elucidate a previously unknown aetiology of rapidly progressive unilateral cataract in a premature baby associated with severe anterior uveitis. METHODS: The lens and vitreous material were saved as part of a special protocol in a 4-month-old premature baby at the time of pars plana lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy. We performed (1) microbiological cultures to detect viable bacterial and fungal organisms; (2) PCR reaction to viral, bacterial and fungal agents; (3) transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, serological examinations were performed for HSV-1 and -2, CMV, VZV and Mycoplasmainfection. RESULTS: PCR detected Spiroplasma sp.; TEM confirmed the presence of Spiroplasma within the lens fibres. Serological testing and microbiological cultures of the vitreous and lens were negative. CONCLUSION: Endogenous Spiroplasma infection in a premature baby may manifest as rapidly progressive acquired unilateral cataract with anterior uveitis. Beyond this, Spiroplasma infection has never been reported to occur naturally in vertebrates, although experimentally Spiroplasma mirum produces panophthalmitis associated with cataract in a wide range of rodents and in chicks. In acquired infantile cataract with inflammatory signs, PCR and TEM should be performed in the lensectomy/vitrectomy material to detect infectious agents not evident on routine laboratory and microbiological examinations.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1979

Bilateral endophthalmitis in acute bacterial endocarditis.

A 53-year-old diabetic woman had ketoacidosis, urinary tract infection, and bilateral endophthalmitis. She subsequently developed a ruptured chorda tendineae of the mitral valve, and a diagnosis of acute bacterial endocarditis was made. No organisms were cultured during life or at autopsy. At autopsy, bilateral nongranulomatous panophthalmitis was found with perinephric, myocardial, intracranial, and mitral valve abscesses.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1979

Fusarium solani endophthalmitis without primary corneal involvement.

A 45-year-old woman developed a fungal endophthalmitis caused by Fusarium solani. No primary corneal lesion existed. Therefore, the focus of infection was considered endogenous. Although disseminated systemic infections with Fusarium species have been described in compromised hosts, including a patient with metastatic panophthalmitis, we believe this is the first report of an endogenous endophthalmitis caused by F. solani in a healthy individual.

Endophthalmitis↗

PubMed1987

Microscopic lesions of spontaneous ocular blastomycosis in dogs.

Ocular tissues from 13 dogs with naturally-occurring blastomycosis were examined histologically. Choroiditis and separation of the sensory retina from its epithelium were the most prominent lesions, although all three coats of the eye were always involved. Severe panophthalmitis was associated with a marked exudative reaction within the ocular tissues. Whereas inflammation of the anterior ocular tissues was often intense, it was rarely associated with the presence of B. dermatitidis. Sequelae to the ocular inflammation included cataract, synechiae, rubeosis iridis, and closure of the drainage angle. The last of these resulted in glaucoma and resulting degeneration of the optic nerve.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Orbitocranial wooden foreign body diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Dry wood can be isodense with air and orbital fat by computed tomography.

In computed tomographic (CT) scans, a wooden foreign body can appear as a lucency with nearly the same density as air or fat, and it can be indistinguishable from orbital adipose tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can localize these wooden foreign bodies in the orbit. We studied a case in which a wooden golf tee lodged in the right optic canal of a nine-year-old boy. The head portion lodged in the orbital apex and the tip entered the interpeduncular fossa. Clinical examination revealed a right paranasal laceration; the right eye had no light perception and a peripapillary hemorrhage, but was otherwise normal. Surgical exploration and evaluation by CT failed to locate the foreign body. However, the golf tee was demonstrated by MRI as a low intensity image. Although it was removed by craniotomy with good neurological results, bacterial panophthalmitis led to enucleation of the eye. This case emphasizes the diagnostic value of MRI and the hazards of retained wooden foreign bodies.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1995

Metastatic endophthalmitis in a patient with major burns: a rare complication.

A patient with 75 per cent of the body surface area burned developed metastatic endophthalmitis with orbital cellulitis leading to panophthalmitis in the right eye. In an estimated 1700 patients with burns treated in the same hospital over a period of 9 years (1984 to 1993), this is the first patient developing metastatic endophthalmitis. A possible pathological basis for the sequence of events is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neurotropic response of Spiroplasma mirum following peripheral inoculation in the rat.

Spiroplasma mirum experimentally produces a persistent brain infection in suckling rats when administered intracerebrally. In order to examine spiroplasma infection induced by a more natural route, suckling rats were inoculated both intraperitoneally and subcutaneously with strain GT-48. No mortality was recorded over a 50-day study period. Rats developed localized alopecia and showed a significant reduction in body weight. Minimal pathological alterations were observed in brain tissues, in addition to cataracts, retinal degeneration and panophthalmitis. Spiroplasmas were recovered from brain and spleen on day 2 following peripheral inoculation with highest titres in the spleen. Spleen titres significantly declined (p less than 0.022) during the 50-day study period. On day 50, brain titres exceeded those in the spleen. The attraction of spiroplasma to central nervous system tissues may be related to its nutritional dependence on sterols.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Ophthalmic manifestations of infections caused by the USA300 clone of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

PURPOSE: To report the microbiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CAMRSA) infections of the eye and orbit. DESIGN: Prospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Nine patients with CAMRSA infections of the eye and orbit were identified during a 6-month period at 2 tertiary care hospitals in San Francisco. METHODS: Case identification was by prospective case selection and retrospective laboratory review of 549 MRSA cultures collected in the 2 hospitals. Ophthalmic microbial isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and compared with a control CAMRSA clone (USA300). Clinical characteristics of patients infected with CAMRSA were reviewed, and all surgical specimens underwent pathological examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis banding patterns of MRSA isolates, antibiotic sensitivity profiles, patient demographics, systemic and ocular complications of infection, and posttreatment visual acuities. RESULTS: Nine ophthalmic isolates were CAMRSA clone USA300. The infections included orbital cellulitis, endogenous endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, lid abscesses, and septic venous thrombosis. Patients were treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, clindamycin, or vancomycin based on microbial sensitivity studies and severity of infection. Eight of the 9 patients had no history of hospitalization. Seven patients required hospitalization, 3 required surgery, and an additional 4 required invasive procedures. Eight patients had good visual outcomes, but 1 deteriorated to no light perception. Pathological analyses showed extensive necrosis in eyelid and orbital specimens, and disorganized atrophy bulbi in an enucleated eye. CONCLUSION: The USA300 CAMRSA clone, which carries Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes, can cause aggressive infections of the eye and orbit in hospital-naive patients. Treatment of infections often required debridement of necrotic tissues in addition to non-beta-lactam class antibiotics. In communities where CAMRSA is prevalent, ophthalmologists should obtain microbial cultures and sensitivity studies to help guide antibiotic therapy for severe ophthalmic infections.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular tuberculosis masquerading as ocular tumors.

Tuberculosis has re-emerged as a serious public health problem in recent years. The ocular manifestations of tuberculosis are uncommon and diverse. Occasionally, patients initially present with ocular symptoms that simulate intraocular malignancy or other inflammatory conditions. We present five patients with ocular tuberculosis who were referred with the suspicion of ocular malignancy. Four of the five patients had recently emigrated to the United States. The presenting features of these patients were panophthalmitis (one patient), endophthalmitis leading to scleral perforation (one patient), active choroidal granuloma associated with uveitis (two patients), and amelanotic choroidal lesion without inflammatory signs (one patient). Of these five cases, two had a known history of systemic tuberculosis, while the ocular findings in the other three cases were the presenting manifestation of systemic tuberculosis. Multi-drug antituberculous regimen were employed in all cases for a mean of 9 months (median 6 months, range 6-12 months). Three patients responded well to therapy with salvage of the globe and the two remaining patients underwent primary enucleation for blind painful eye or perforated eye. In conclusion, ocular tuberculosis can have variable clinical manifestations and occasionally appears as an intraocular or epibulbar tumor. A high degree of clinical suspicion is important, especially in immigrants from developing countries.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Visual impact of using traditional medicine on the injured eye in Africa.

A 1-year clinical study was performed on 257 consecutive patients with eye injury admitted in Muhimbili Medical Centre from January 1993 to January 1994. It describes the causes, presenting visual acuity and associated ocular complications, use of traditional eye medicine on the injured eye and lastly the visual outcome. Patients were classified into perforating and non-perforating injury patients. Stones, sticks and metallic objects were the major causes of ocular trauma. The main types of traditional medicines used were plant juices, milk mixed with black powder and pounded roots. The route of application was mainly instillation into the conjunctival sac. Traditional eye medicines were used by 49% of all patients. The main ocular complications presented keratitis, endophthalmitis and panophthalmitis were seen more in patients with a positive history of using traditional eye medicines than those with a negative history. Poor visual outcome was also seen more in patients who used traditional eye medicines than in those who did not use them. The use of traditional medicines on the injured eye is likely to be associated with a very poor visual outcome. It is thus, recommended that intensive health education be provided to create awareness in the community of the dangers of using traditional medicine on injured eyes. It is also recommended to integrate traditional healers into the modern health system in order to use their psychotherapeutically useful abilities and control their practices.

Adolescent↗