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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Screening prospective workers for the ability to use respirators.

A physician should determine the ability to use a respirator, taking into account the employee's health, the respirator, and the work conditions. This report reviews the effects of respirator wear and provides referenced, reasonable guidelines for determining a worker's fitness to wear a respirator. The effects discussed include pulmonary, cardiac, body temperature, diminished senses, psychological reactions, and local irritation. Examining physicians should realize that heavy exercise with a respirator usually causes stress primarily on the cardiovascular system and that heavy (eg, self-contained, atmosphere-supplying) respirators can substantially increase this stress. Accordingly, exercise stress tests, with ECG monitoring, should be considered in these circumstances when cardiovascular risk factors are present. Available literature is noted that should help physicians screen prospective workers for the ability to use respirators.

Health Status↗
PubMed1989

The long-term effect of a positive pressure respirator on the specific antibody response in pigeon breeders.

A group of pigeon fanciers with Pigeon Breeder's Lung wore a positive pressure respirator with a full mask and hood when working with pigeons. Serial measurements of specific IgG antibody to pigeon globulin (ELISA) were made in 22 subjects. Thirteen wore a respirator (monitored over 14 months) and nine did not (monitored over 3 months). Following introduction of the respirator, the serum antibody to pigeon globulin significantly decreased when compared with the non-respirator group. This fall in antibody persisted over 14 months reflecting the reduction of antigen inhalation. Although circulating antibody decreased in all those wearing respirators, the remaining levels were still within the range that can be associated with clinical symptoms possibly because of inward leakage of antigen bypassing the filter.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mortality of female gas mask assemblers.

A 30-year follow-up study of the mortality of 500 women employed in manufacturing gas masks during the second world war showed a pronounced excess of deaths from mesothelioma and lung cancer. Although these women were subject only to short periods of exposure, greater excesses were found for those exposed for between one and five years than for those exposed for under one year. Even in the latter group, however, five deaths from lung cancer and four deaths from mesothelioma were recorded compared with 1.5 deaths and 0.1 deaths expected (p approximately equal to 0.02). An excess of deaths from cancer of the ovary was also found, and this appeared to be related to exposure to asbestos.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Concentrations and characteristics of amphibole fibres in the lungs of workers exposed to crocidolite in the British gas-mask factories, and elsewhere, during the second world war.

Concentrations and length distributions of uncoated and coated amphibole fibres in the lungs of 27 workers at the Leyland, Nottingham, and Blackburn gas-mask factories were measured after death with the light microscope using the membrane filter technique. Measurements were also made on a worker exposed to crocidolite at the Chemical Defence Experimental Establishment, Porton, and on three miners from the Wittenoom mine in Western Australia where the crocidolite used in the manufacture of military respirators is reputed to have originated. In selected cases, fibre concentrations and dimensions were also measured with the electron microscope. All but two subjects died with a mesothelial tumour. Fibre concentrations ranged from 7 x 10(4) to almost 10(9) fibres/g dry weight. There appeared to be no relation between latent period and fibre concentration. The significance of the wide range of fibre concentrations which was associated with the development of mesothelial tumours is discussed and also the relation between the relative frequency and dimensions of uncoated and coated fibres.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Protective value of dust respirators in extrinsic allergic alveolitis: clinical assessment using inhalation provocation tests.

Six subjects with budgerigar fancier's lung, pigeon breeder's lung, or mushroom worker's lung underwent identical paired inhalation provocation tests of 20 minutes to five hours duration (mean 2.3 hours) using a natural method of antigen exposure. For one test of each pair, the subjects were protected by the use of industrial dust respirators that incorporate electrostatically charged, resin-impregnated merino wool filters. The unprotected challenges provoked late responses of mild to moderate severity, that were characteristic of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. These were monitored by methods described previously, using four subjective and six objective monitoring tests. A score of 1 was allowed for each monitoring test showing a significant change. A combined monitoring score of 32/57 was associated with the unprotected challenges-that is, 56% of the maximum score possible. The respirators successfully protected four of the subjects from any suspicion of a positive response. The remaining two subjects reported symptoms of minimal severity, but there was no independent confirmatory evidence of positive reactions. The combined monitoring score associated with all six protected challenges was 2/60 (3%), while that associated with corresponding control challenges was 3/73 (4%). We conclude that respirators of this type can offer substantial, and in most cases complete, protection against single exposures to environmental dusts that may provoke extrinsic allergic alveolitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The role of personal beliefs and social influences as determinants of respirator use among construction painters.

The purpose of this study was to identify and rank potential determinants of respirator use among painters in the construction industry. As part of a health survey of union painters, 169 male spray painters were questioned about their own beliefs concerning the consequences of wearing cartridge respirators, as well as about the perceived attitudes of others in the workplace toward respirators. Intended respirator use was more strongly associated with beliefs than was past use. The most important beliefs concerned discomfort or inconvenience. Other determinants that were associated with respirator use were respirator availability, cigarette smoking, and social influences. It was concluded that the most effective intervention strategy to increase respirator use would be multidimensional and that efforts to change only a worker's beliefs may have limited success.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Welding essentials.

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Accidents, Occupational↗