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PubMed2006

Expression of MT1-MMP during deciduous tooth resorption in odontoclasts.

Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is a membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase capable of mediating pericellular proteolysis of extracellular matrix components. In osteoclasts, the localization of MT1-MMP has been reported at the tips of specialized membrane protrusions (podosomes and lamellipodia) so that osteoclasts might use MT1-MMP to perform focal proteolysis and move through the extracellular matrix to the bone surface. The objectives of this study were to investigate an association of MT1-MMP in physiological root resorption of the deciduous tooth by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot analysis, and to identify MT1-MMP-producing cell during deciduous tooth resorption by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis revealed the exclusively high expression of MT1-MMP mRNA in bovine root-resorbing tissue, which lies between the root of the deciduous tooth and its permanent successor. Expression of MT1-MMP mRNA was seen in odontoclasts aligning in the surface layer of the root-resorbing tissue at sites of root resorption. Furthermore, immmunohistochemistry also confirmed the localization of MT1-MMP protein to the odontoclasts. The present identification of MT1-MMP in odontoclasts during deciduous tooth resorption might be relevant to the migration activity that these cells have to gain access to the root surface.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Localization of cathepsin K in bovine odontoclasts during deciduous tooth resorption.

Cathepsin K is a cysteine proteinase, which is abundantly and selectively expressed in osteoclasts. It is believed to play an important role in the proteolysis of bone resorption by osteoclasts. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association of cathepsin K in the physiological root resorption of deciduous teeth and to identify the cathepsin K-producing cells in deciduous root resorption. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis of the total RNAs extracted from bovine active and resting root-resorbing tissues, which lie between the root of deciduous tooth and its permanent successor, were performed. The active root-resorbing tissue, which has a high population of odontoclasts on its surface that is attached to resorbing root surface, showed an extremely high expression of cathepsin K in comparison with the resting root-resorbing tissue. By in situ hybridization, cathepsin K mRNA was highly and selectively expressed in multinucleated odontoclasts that aligned along the surface of the tissue and apposed to the resorbing root surface of the deciduous tooth. Western blot analysis of the active root-resorbing tissue was used to characterize the anti-cathepsin K antibody. A band of 27 kDa, corresponding with the predicted size for mature cathepsin K, was demonstrated. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the specific localization of cathepsin K protein to the odontoclasts. These results demonstrate that odontoclasts in the deciduous root resorption express cathepsin K mRNA and protein that may participate in the proteolysis of root resorption of the deciduous tooth.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Fine structure of the root resorption of human deciduous tooth].

During growth and development of the gnathic bone in infants, it is not possible to observe the processes of resorption of the bone and deciduous tooth root, bone formation and calcification of the permanent teeth separately. In the gnathic bone of infants where a normal balance exists between formation of new tissue and resorption, the formative bone tissue is closely related to the cells which give rise to the deciduous and the permanent teeth. We used a scanning electron microscope to observe the fine structure of the root resorption of the deciduous teeth, using root deciduous teeth extracted from humans. Large and small plate-shaped absorbed fossula were found together with projecting dentinal fiber tubuli in the dentinal resorption cavity of the deciduous tooth root. Odontoclasts with a round form supported and covered by fibrous connective tissue were also observed. Furthermore, when the fibrous tissue was removed washed out, an arrangement of calcified collagen fibers (similar to stromal tissue) was found in the cavity. On the absorbed cementum surface a plate-like resorption cavity had formed. The surface was covered by fibrous connective tissue with a regular pattern. The round and oval odontoclasts were surrounded by thick vascular-like connective tissue. High levels of P and Ca were found in the dentinal absorption cavity by X-ray analysis and Al, Mg, Na and Zn were also found. S, P, Ca and Zn were found in the odontoclasts Ca, P, Mg, Na and Zn were found in the cementum resorption cavity.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Heritability of deciduous tooth size in Australian aboriginals.

The contributions of genetic and environmental influences to observed variabiliy of deciduous tooth size were quantified in a group of Australian aboriginals. Phenotypic variability was partitioned into four components; between sides, between fathers, between mothers, and between offspring. Results suggested that about 58% of deciduous tooth-size variability was due to additive genetic variance and 15% to common environmental variance. It appears that additive genetic variance is similar in both deciduous and permanent dentitions, but that common maternal effects are more important in determining deciduous tooth-size variability.

Australia↗
PubMed1989

Immunocytochemical localization of amelogenins in the deciduous tooth germs of the human fetus.

The immunocytochemical localization of amelogenins in the developing deciduous tooth germs of 6-month-old human fetuses was investigated by the protein A-gold method using an antiserum against porcine 25K amelogenin. The inner enamel epithelial cells and underlying matrix showed no amelogenin-like immunoreactivity. Distinct immunoreactivity was initially shown by fine fibrils found beneath the intact basal lamina of preameloblasts at the early differentiation stage. At the late differentiation stage, amelogenin-like immunoreactivity was shown by a fine granular material within the extracellular matrix as well as by the Golgi apparatus, secretory granules, lysosomal structures, coated vesicles, and coated pits of preameloblasts with a disrupted basal lamina. At the formative stage, the localization of immunoreactivity in secretory ameloblasts was similar to that in preameloblasts during the late differentiation stage. However, immunopositive coated vesicles and coated pits were only found at the early stage of matrix formation. The calcified enamel matrix and stippled material showed intense immunoreactivity. Immunocytochemical labeling of the enamel matrix appeared as a gradient, decreasing from the enamel surface to the dentinoenamel junction. No maturation stage of ameloblasts existed in the tooth germs examined. In predentin and dentin, amelogenin-like immunoreactivity was occasionally detected on odontoblasts and their processes, but odontoblasts and cells of the stratum intermedium contained no immunoreactive elements. These findings confirmed that the secretory ameloblast in the human deciduous tooth germ is responsible for the synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins.

Amelogenin↗
PubMed1990

[Changes of vibration frequency due to root resorption of deciduous tooth].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of vibration frequency of a deciduous tooth due to physiological root resorption. The author developed an analysis system for tooth vibration by applying an impact-hammer to the tooth. Peak frequency (Hz) of the tooth stimulated by the impact-hammer was observed by the analysis system. The following results were obtained: 1) Peak frequency of the tooth vibration shifted to a lower range according to the root resorption both in vitro (simulation model) and in vivo (15 children) and a high positive correlation was found between the peak frequency and the crown-root length ratio (r = 0.840). 2) A cause of the frequency shift to the lower range was not related to the tooth weight but to the change of tooth gravity due to the root resorption. 3) It was considered that the vibration analysis system could be useful on measuring tooth mobility in vivo and in clinic as well.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Longitudinal analysis of deciduous tooth emergence: III. Sexual dimorphism in Bangladeshi, Guatemalan, Japanese, and Javanese children.

Previous studies, mostly in European populations, found sex differences in the pattern of deciduous tooth emergence. Most studies find that the anterior dentition in males is precocial relative to the female dentition, and the pattern reverses so that females lead males in the emergence of the posterior deciduous dentition. Less is known about sex differences in the dental development and emergence of non-European populations. Here we examine the pattern of sex differences in deciduous tooth emergence in Japanese, Javanese, Guatemalan, and Bangladeshi children. The data come from four longitudinal or mixed longitudinal studies using similar study protocols. Survival analysis was used to estimate parameters of a log-normal distribution of emergence for each of the 10 teeth of the left dentition, and sexual dimorphism was assessed by sex-specific differences in mean emergence times and by Bennett's index. The results support the pattern of developmental cross-over observed in other populations. We conclude that there is little evidence to support the hypothesis of Tanguay et al. ([1984] J. Dent. Res. 63:65-68) that ethnic factors mediate sex differences in the emergence of deciduous teeth.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1986

Deciduous tooth eruption in children who fail to gain weight.

In order to investigate the usefulness of the number of erupted deciduous teeth (NET) as a growth parameter, we studied deciduous tooth eruption (DTE) in 46 infants between the ages of 6 and 30 months, who failed to gain weight. The cause of the failure to thrive was intrauterine growth retardation in 17 children, and undetermined in 29. In these babies, height and head circumference were significantly below the mean as well. However, NET was almost unchanged when compared to NET of Israeli children of the same age. These findings support the view that DTE is an independent process, unrelated to other anthropometric measurements. Thus, NET may not be used as a clinical parameter of physical development.

Body Height↗
PubMed1975

A note on the variation in the timing of deciduous tooth eruption.

A survey was carried out on the timing of deciduous tooth eruption based upon 3600 Caucasian children in three heterogeneous samples from Birmingham, Sheffield and Gloucester and a small more or less homogeneous sample from Biddulph (North Staffordshire). These data were compared with the eruption times derived from a sample of 600 British Negro children. Generally, the deciduous teeth of Negroes erupted before those of Caucasians, although the actual eruption times in each sample exhibited a greater degree of variability than is appreciated by most dental workers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Deciduous tooth crown size and asymmetry in strabismic children.

OBJECTIVES: To explore deciduous tooth crown dimensions in strabismic children and the relationship between the type of strabismus and tooth crown mesio-distal (M-D) and labio-lingual (L-L) size asymmetries. MATERIAL: Dental casts at mixed dentition of 2159 Collaborative Perinatal Study black and white children were measured, 123 of them strabismic at 1 year of age, age ranging from 6 to 12 years. METHODS: Directional and fluctuating asymmetries in antimeric teeth were explored in various types of strabismus having unilateral, bilateral or alternating expression. ANOVA and T-square test were used for size comparisons and calculated asymmetries were explored by comparing the variances and Pearson correlations. RESULTS: Strabismus was associated with significant M-D size increase of deciduous maxillary canines in black boys and white girls, black girls had size reduction in their mandibular canine, but white boys were unaffected. Right side size dominance was found in the strabismic children in the lower second deciduous molar M-D dimensions and in the children with alternating strabismus in their upper deciduous canine M-D dimensions. Children with unilateral strabismus had random fluctuating dental asymmetry in their upper deciduous second molar L-L dimensions when compared with healthy normals. Higher left-right correlations were found in lower second deciduous molar dimensions in strabismic girls when compared with that in controls and in strabismic boys, suggesting better developmental canalization in female. CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetries in the head area, such as promoted here in strabismic children, may have associations with asymmetries in the dentition, focusing the embryonal origins and timing of developmental processes.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

Hyaluronan in human deciduous tooth germs in the bell stage. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.

The primary aim of the present study was a localization of hyaluronan (HA) in human deciduous tooth germs in the bell stage. HA was compared to the content of chondroitin sulfates (CSs). HA was detected with a biotin-labeled HA-binding protein (HABP) and CS with a monoclonal antibody. As controls, enzyme digestions were carried out. Furthermore, the glycosaminoglycans were investigated histochemically with enzyme digestions followed by alcian blue staining. The investigation showed a considerable content of HA in the stellate reticulum, although CS was also found, primarily when treatment with protease was omitted. The dental papilla contained both HA and CS, while the predentin and the dentin contained only CS. The enamel did not contain any CS, but some staining with HABP was observed along the borderline between the ameloblasts and the enamel. The significance of HA in the stellate reticulum is discussed. The importance of carrying out investigations with and without protease digestions is stressed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Dentigerous cyst associated with a deciduous tooth. A case report.

A case of a dentigerous cyst associated with a deciduous tooth in a 2-year-old boy is presented. Radiologic examination revealed a well-defined radiolucency in the right maxilla associated with the crown of a maxillary second deciduous molar. The cyst cavity was lined with nonkeratinized squamous epithelium, and odontogenic epithelial islands were seen in subepithelial connective tissue.

Child, Preschool↗