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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

An ex vivo study of the effects of retained coronal dentine on the strength of teeth restored with composite core and different post and core systems.

AIM: To investigate the fracture resistance and fracture patterns of teeth restored with composite cores supported by different pre-fabricated post systems and different heights of remaining coronal dentine. METHODOLOGY: Four groups of 30 single rooted teeth were used. Each group was divided into three subgroups of 10 teeth each and restored with carbon fibre, glass fibre, or Radix titanium posts luted with dual cure resin cement. The control group A had no retained coronal dentine. Groups B, C and D had 2, 3 and 4 mm of retained buccal and lingual coronal dentine, respectively. Teeth were tested to failure using an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Subsequently, the fracture mode of specimens was recorded. RESULTS: Teeth with retained dentine were more resistant to fracture (P = 0.001). Tooth fracture resistance was not significantly different between groups B, C and D. Within group A, titanium posts were associated with higher fracture resistance than fibre posts. Within the other groups, tooth fracture resistance was not related to post material. Within groups C and D, fracture resistance of teeth restored with carbon fibre posts was significantly higher than those restored with glass fibre posts. The dominant fracture mode in group A was core and vertical oblique root fracture whilst a combination of core, coronal dentine and root fracture occurred in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Fracture resistance of teeth increased with the presence of retained coronal dentine. The use of glass and carbon fibre posts did not improve the fracture resistance or the fracture pattern of teeth when compared with metal titanium posts regardless of the presence of retained coronal dentine. The dominant fracture pattern of teeth was not related to the amount of retained dentine if it was >2 mm high.

Carbon↗
PubMed2000

Emergency dental service is still needed--also for regular attenders within a comprehensive insurance system.

The aim of this study was to describe types of, and reasons for, emergency visits for regular dental attenders in the Public Dental Health Services (PDHS). The study was based on data from 895 consecutive emergency episodes collected from four PDHS clinics in the county of Ostergötland, Sweden, during a six-month period in 1994/95. Forty per cent of the dental emergency visits included children and adolescents. The most common reasons for attending were material fractures (29%), tooth fractures (19%), pain (19%) and dental traumas (12%). Seventy-three per cent of all patients and 60% of children and adolescents knew the next scheduled revision appointment. In 85% of the cases care-givers and patients were in agreement regarding the urgency of the visit. The care-givers considered 14% of the visits non-urgent, only in 1% they felt that the patient should have come earlier. The results show that emergency visits are common among regular dental care patients, but are dominated nowadays more by answering patients' questions and less by pain relief. Via systematic follow-ups and better learning from the experiences of those who seek emergency dental care, routines could be further developed and considerable benefits achieved concerning both perceived service quality and cost-effectiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Epidemiology of dental trauma treated in an urban pediatric emergency department.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries to children treated in an urban pediatric emergency department (ED). DESIGN: A descriptive study of a consecutive series of patients. SETTING: The ED of a large, academic children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Children presenting to the ED with dental trauma from December 1992 to November 1993. RESULTS: Of 1459 children treated for dental emergencies, 541 had dental trauma (37%) and were enrolled in this study. Patients ranged in age from five months to 18 years. Fifty-nine percent of patients were less than seven years of age, and 59% of patients were male. Falls caused 63% of injuries, followed by being struck (17%), and motor vehicle crashes (2%). Injuries to the soft tissues included lacerations (32%), swelling (8%), abrasions (7%), and contusions (6%). Injuries to hard dental structures included tooth fractures (33%), luxations (18%), concussions (12%), avulsions (8%), and jaw fractures (1%). Tooth luxation and concussion were more common among children less than seven years of age, and fractures to the tooth crown with dentin exposure (Ellis class II) were seen most often among children with permanent dentition (chi 2 = 41.4, P < 0.005). The central incisors were the teeth most frequently traumatized. CONCLUSION: Findings of this large consecutive series provide a useful description of the epidemiology of this common type of pediatric trauma for pediatric emergency care providers.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1995

Fractures of posterior teeth: a review and analysis of associated factors.

PURPOSE OF STUDY: To examine factors which may predispose to tooth fracture, and to assess the compressive strengths of foods and sweets which are associated with tooth fracture in vivo. POPULATION STUDIED: Consecutive dental patients presenting with one or more fractured posterior teeth at the surgeries of three general dental practitioners, over a four-month period. METHOD: A pro forma was designed to elicit information on the factors associated with tooth fracture and the nature and extent of such fractures. Three general dental practitioners were requested to complete a pro forma for each patient presenting with a fractured posterior tooth over a four-month period. Foods and sweets considered to be associated with tooth fracture were identified and their compressive strengths tested. FINDINGS: A total of 129 cases of fractured posterior teeth were recorded, of which 48% occurred in the mandibular arch and 52% in the maxillary arch. In the mandible, 75% of tooth fractures occurred in molars while in the maxillary arch 50% occurred in molars. In 57% of cases assessed, no identifiable causative item was noted. Forty-five per cent of fractures were in teeth which had been restored on three or more surfaces. Compressive forces of 0.16KN to 2.2KN were obtained for food items implicated in tooth fractures. CONCLUSION: As mesio-occlusodistal restorations were identified as a major predisposing factor to tooth fracture in this study, with mandibular first molar teeth particularly affected, placement of cuspal coverage restorations may be considered to be a justifiable preventative measure in teeth identified as being at risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Wound healing and revascularization: a histologic observation of experimental tooth root fracture.

We used dogs as an animal model to generate tooth root fracture and to observe the wound-healing process of the fracture. Histologic examination of the specimens revealed that the early reaction of the wound healing was infiltration of inflammatory cells particularly at the coronal part of the fracture, whereas less inflammation but more abundant collagen fibers were seen at the apical part of the fracture (15 and 30 days). Inflammation lasted for more than 90 days and then subsided. At day 180, bone tissue healing was observed. Revascularization of the pulp tissues reached a high level at the same stage that bone healing took place. Our data suggest that in tooth root fracture, the regeneration of blood vessels is important in the wound-healing process and the revascularization is synchronized with the fracture wound healing. In this animal model the complete hard tissue healing could take as long as 6 months.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Diagnosis and treatment planning: cracked tooth.

This article discusses the cracked tooth, one of the five major classifications of longitudinal tooth fractures: 1) craze line; 2) cuspal fracture; 3) cracked tooth; 4) split tooth; and 5) vertical root fracture. The term "longitudinal tooth fracture" was first introduced by Rivera (Personal Communication, Iowa City, IA, 1996) and has two meanings. The first implies distance (length), particularly in the vertical (occlusal-cervical) plane, as illustrated by longitudinal lines on a map. The second indicates that these fractures occur over a period of time. Therefore, the term longitudinal tooth fracture applies to fractures that have both a distance and a time component. Thus, fractures are described that are not related to impact trauma (which occurs primarily in incisors), in which the distance (length) component may be similar, but is immediate instead of over a period of time.

Cracked Tooth Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

A six year follow-up of three dental alloy restorations with different copper contents.

Class II restorations of three amalgam alloys, with 6%, 12% and 23% copper content, respectively, were evaluated and compared intraindividually during a six year follow-up. In total 10.3% of the restorations were replaced during the test period. The reasons for replacement were bulk fracture (5.6%), tooth fracture (2.4%), marginal ridge fracture (0.8%), and secondary caries (1.6%). The intraindividual ranking of the three alloys, including evaluation of anatomical form, marginal adaptation and secondary caries, showed significantly better results for the two high copper alloys than for the conventional low copper alloy. No difference was seen between the two high copper containing alloys.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Interdisciplinary concepts in treating adult patients.

Pre-prosthetics, as a part of orthodontic treatment in adults has gained increasing importance during recent years. Through coordinated orthodontic, prosthetic and periodontal treatment plans, patients with partial dentition can be offered further treatment possibilities. Such planning would allow for fixed prosthetic treatment possibilities and the survival of critical teeth. They would provide for better aesthetics and avoid functional disturbances. The aim of the present study was to present reports of patients treated by coordinated work at the Dental School of Hamburg University. In patients with partial dentition, premolars were uprighted and distally moved and molars were extruded to be used as abutments for fixed prosthetic reconstructions. Following trauma, the position of the remaining anterior teeth was improved to provide for optimal aesthetics after prosthetic treatment. Extraction of a subalveolarly fractured tooth is avoided through root extrusion and post-core reconstruction. The results demonstrate the advantages of pre-prosthetic treatment as regards stability, aesthetics and function. With the help of pre-prosthetic orthodontic treatment, complicated treatment situations could be handled more successfully than would have been the case without such treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Restoration of teeth with subgingival and subosseous fractures.

Subgingival and subosseous fractured teeth may be repaired and should continue to function if treated by use of sound restorative techniques. Three recommendations are offered. The fractured tooth segment should be used to make a custom matrix. Minor gingival surgery will aid in gaining access to a subgingival margin. Amalgam is well tolerated and may be used subgingivally.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed1993

Vertical root fractures in endodontically treated teeth: a clinical survey of 36 cases.

A clinical study was done on 36 original cases of vertical root fractures along with the data gathered from 32 cases published previously in the literature. Vertical root fractures most frequently occur in posterior teeth in patients between 45 and 60 yr of age. The average elapsed time between the endodontic treatment and the subsequent diagnosis of vertical fracture was found to be approximately 10 yr. The evidence and symptoms most often found are mild pain in the area of the fractured tooth often accompanied by swelling and fistula, along with a deep pocket in just one area of the attachment surrounding the tooth. The sign most often revealed by X-ray is a radiolucent periradicular band.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

The fate of a mid-root fracture: a case report.

The present report describes a case of a mid-root fracture in a maxillary central incisor of a 19-year-old patient. The fractured tooth was splinted with composite that was removed only 3 years later, as the patient did not appear for follow-up examinations. At this time, the radiographs revealed a normal periodontal ligament, rounding of the borders of the fragments and pulp obliteration of both fragments. Eight years later, the tooth was clinically normal and blurred calcification of the root canal was disclosed radiographically. After 13.5 years the patient complained of tooth mobility and radiographic examination revealed an advanced cervical root resorption. As no conservative approach was possible at this stage, the patient was referred to a prosthodontist for esthetic rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Orthodontic extrusion--a new simplified aesthetic technique.

Various techniques have been described to extrude the roots of fractured teeth to facilitate prosthetic restoration. Many of these have the disadvantage of poor aesthetics, they require skill in fabrication and fitting, and there is often inadequate control over the amount of extrusion. With the technique described, root canal therapy is completed initially and a cast gold post is cemented into the root canal. The post has a channel extending from the labial to the palatal aspect. A temporary acrylic crown is fitted to restore aesthetics, and the channel is extended though the palatal and labial surfaces. An orthodontic wire framework with a horizontal strut at the level of the original incisal edge of the fractured tooth is then bonded to the adjacent abutment teeth. The amount of extrusion required is estimated and a corresponding reduction is made in the length of the acrylic temporary crown. An elastic threaded through the channel and looped over the horizontal strut of the framework provides the extrusive force. A 6 week retention period is required following the extrusion. Periodontal surgery is then carried out if necessary, and a new provisional crown is placed. The final porcelain restoration is fitted after 6 months.

Adolescent↗