PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “VEINS, FEMORAL”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

A comparative study of postsynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors of the dog mesenteric and rat femoral veins.

The aim of the present study was to compare the subtype of postjunctional alpha2-adrenoceptors of canine mesenteric and rat femoral veins. To check whether the presence of alpha1-adrenoceptors in both tissues might interfere with alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated effects, the experiments were carried out under two experimental conditions: without and with alpha1-adrenoceptor blockade. The selective and irreversible alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine (30 nM) was used to eliminate alpha1-adrenoceptors. The pA2 values for the antagonism exerted by eight alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists (rauwolscine, yohimbine, RX821002, WB4101, idazoxan, phentolamine, spiroxatrine and prazosin) against the highly selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist UK-14,304 were determined under these two experimental conditions and correlated with pKi values of the same antagonists at cloned human alpha2A-, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster lung cells and at the alpha2D-adrenoceptors in the rat submaxillary gland or the bovine pineal gland. In most of the experiments carried out in the canine mesenteric vein, the concentration-response curves for UK-14,304 were biphasic; the first phase was antagonized by low concentrations (2-50 nM) of the antagonists used except prazosin, while the second one was antagonized by 30 nM of either prazosin or phenoxybenzamine. In the rat femoral vein, the concentration-response curves to UK-14,304 were monophasic. In either tissue, the pA2 values obtained in untreated preparations and in preparations pretreated with phenoxybenzamine were not significantly different, showing that effects resulting from the activation of alpha1-adrenoceptors can be avoided simply by using low concentrations of the highly selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist UK-14,304. The correlation between pA2 and pKi values showed that, while in the canine mesenteric vein the postjunctional alpha2-adrenoceptors resemble alpha2A-adrenoceptors more closely, in the rat femoral vein they are more closely related to alpha2D-adrenoceptors. In either species, therefore, they belong to the genetic alpha2A/D type of alpha2-adrenoceptor.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1995

Monitoring complication due to a pulsatile femoral vein from tricuspid regurgitation.

This clinical report illustrates a monitoring complication due to a pulsatile femoral vein from tricuspid regurgitation. In this case, the femoral vein of a patient was inadvertently cannulated and exhibited a pulsatile tracing which was mistaken for an arterial pressure tracing. This led to the initial inappropriate use of vasopressors which actually augmented the pulsatility and delayed detection of the error. Although this may be a rare occurrence, the clinician should be aware of its possibility when using invasive monitoring in a patient with tricuspid regurgitation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Emergency intravenous access through the femoral vein.

A study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of femoral venous catheterization for resuscitation of critically ill patients in the emergency department setting. From May 1982 to April 1983, 100 attempts were made at percutaneous insertion of a large-bore catheter into the femoral veins of patients presenting to our emergency department in cardiac arrest or requiring rapid fluid resuscitation. Eighty-nine attempts were successful. Insertion was generally considered easy, and flow rates were excellent. The only noted complications were four arterial punctures and one minor groin hematoma. This study suggests that short-term percutaneous catheterization of the femoral vein provides rapid, safe, and effective intravenous access.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the femoral vein in dogs as an effect of experimental lymphedema].

Authors studied changes of femoral vein developed by the effect of examinations experimental lymphoedema in dogs. Light and electronmicroscopic were performed from femoral vein of animals killed on 3rd and 14th postoperative day, and biomechanical examinations were done too from dogs killed on 14th postoperative day. In vessel wall edema, fibrosis, and in valves infiltration consisting of macrophages, neutrophilic granulocytes and of mesenchymal cells were observed. Biomechanical examinations did not show significant deviation. Their results suggest the possibility that extremital lymphoedema also in man may contribute to development of varicosity or to its aggravation. Experimental lymphoedema of lower limb of dog can be proposed as model experiment to the complex study of pathogenesis of development of varix.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The main principles of transmission of vertical reflux of blood from the deep to superficial femoral veins in patients with varicose veins].

Under study were ways of spread of retrograde blood flow in different variants of disorders of work of the femoral vein valves in 106 patients with varicose disease. Incompetence of valves of the common femoral vein causes leakage of blood from deep veins through sapheno-femoral anastomosis or superficial veins. Injury of valves of deep and superficial veins is responsible for the involvement of communicatory veins connected with them in the pathological process. Grounds for different kinds of operations on veins for varicose disease are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Real-time ultrasound-guided femoral vein catheterization during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of real-time-ultrasound guidance with the standard landmark-oriented approach for obtaining femoral vein catheterization in patients requiring intravenous access during CPR. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, paired subject-controlled clinical trial in the setting of an urban teaching county hospital emergency department. The study comprised a convenience sample of 20 patients presenting with apnea and pulselessness in the ED. Each patient received bilateral femoral lines, one by ultrasound guidance and one by the landmark approach (control). Randomization determined which technique and which side would be attempted first. The following parameters were recorded: time to initial flash of blood, time to completion of catheterization, number of needle passes, and rate of arterial catheterization. CPR and Advanced Cardiac Life Support protocols were continued during both procedures. RESULTS: Real-time ultrasound-guided catheterization had a higher success rate (90% versus 65%, P = .058), a lower number of needle passes (2.3 +/- 3 versus 5.0 +/- 5, P = .0057), and a lower rate of arterial catheterization (0% versus 20%, P = .025) than the standard landmark-oriented approach. Ultrasound was also slightly faster in time to blood flash and in time to catheterization. An incidental finding of interest was that real-time ultrasound demonstrated the presence of femoral vein pulsations during CPR. CONCLUSION: Real-time ultrasound-guided femoral vein catheterization was faster and produced a lower rate of inadvertent arterial catheterization and a higher rate of success during CPR than the standard landmark-oriented approach. Also, ultrasound demonstrated that palpable femoral pulsation during CPR is venous rather than arterial.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Duplex ultrasound of the common femoral vein in pregnancy and puerperium.

The common femoral veins of 34 apparently normal women were examined by ultrasound during or just after pregnancy. The cross sectional areas of these veins were measured at rest in the supine position and during a Valsalva manoeuvre. The veins were also assessed by pulsed Doppler ultrasound. We believe that Doppler examination is superior to calibre response assessment during the Valsalva manoeuvre in excluding an isolated iliac occlusion in women in late pregnancy and in early puerperium.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Superficial femoral vein valvuloplasty under direct angioscopic vision].

Superficial femoral vein valvuloplasty (SFV) under direct angioscopic vision without venotomy was designed and performed in 18 patients (20 limbs), suffering from primary SFV valve incompetence and the primary popliteal vein valve insufficiency. The indication of the operation is that the valves developed completely inborn, but with the effects of postnatal pathogenic factors, the leaflets prolapsed and became redundant, irregular diastema between leaflets emerged and the valve-ring dilated. The operation has several advantages: (1) Angioscopy confirms primary venous valve incompetence. (2) The technique precludes venotomy and valve exposure, reducing the rate of postoperative venous thrombosis. (3) The operation eliminates the blindness of kistner's external surgical technique, overcoming its empiricism. The initial clinic use of the technique has shown that it is of excellent short-term effect without complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the superficial femoral vein in reconstructive-corrective vascular surgery].

The paper describes the procedure and results of using the femoral vein in reconstructive-corrective operations on arteries. The femoral vein was used in infection of a synthetic vascular prosthesis in the inguinal area in 24 patients, in the reconstruction of arteries below the inguinal ligament in the absence or in applicability of the large subcutaneous vein in 17 patients, in vascular plasty during a radical removal of malignant tumors in 5 patients. A good result was achieved in 83.4 +/- 7.6% in prosthesis infection, in 70.6% in plastic operations of the femoral-popliteal segment, and in all 5 cases in arterial plasty during removal of tumors of various sites. Pronounced phenomena of transient venous insufficiency were observed in 3 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Intraoperative Doppler ultrasound of the femoral vein for maintaining venous patency in hip joint prosthesis implantation].

PROBLEM: Is the femoral vein occluded during insertion of the stem? Can thrombembolic complications be reduced by avoiding occlusion? METHODS: In a prospective randomized study 160 cemented stems were implanted from the anterolateral approach: 76 patients had conventional figure-of-four positioning of the femur, 84 patients had a modified position according to the blood flow registered by intraoperative Doppler sonography. RESULTS: 68.7% of the 84 femoral veins were completely occluded in the figure-of-four positioning. Only by reduction of this position and soft tissue release, venous flow could be demonstrated by sonography. Increased body mass index (BMI) and age correlated with occlusion (p = 0.0001 and p < 0.05). In the 84 patients no thrombembolic complication was found. In the control group 3 deep thromboses were revealed by venography (p = 0.105). CONCLUSION: Doppler sonography helps guaranteeing venous drainage. A modified leg position should be aimed at especially in increased BMI and age.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Percutaneous puncture of the femoral vein for haemodialysis: report of 5000 punctures (author's transl)].

Using the Seldinger technique, a total of 5306 percutaneous femoral vein catheterisations were performed in the course of ten years. Two-catheter venovenous dialysis was performed 2357 times and single-needle technique 592 times. There were five important complications: severe retroperitoneal bleeding after perforation of the external iliac vein three times, fatal bleeding from the femoral artery once, and reversible damage to the femoral nerve once. The results indicate that for every 1000 percutaneous femoral-vein catheterisations one must expect one severe complication. However, by using the correct catheter technique, especially careful manipulation of the wire, complications can be largely avoided.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Catheter dysfunction and thrombosis of double-lumen hemodialysis catheters placed in the femoral vein.

OBJECTIVE: Intraluminal thrombosis of the catheter was thought to be a major cause of catheter dysfunction. We evaluated if thrombi appear in the luminal side or outside of the catheters placed in the femoral vein in 21 hemodialysis patients. METHODS: 23 double-lumen catheter (25 cm long and 4 mm diameter polyurethane) strippings were consecutively performed. Mean catheter dwell time was 17.9 +/- 11.2 days (2-45 days). The femoral vein was observed with ultrasound echography, and thrombo-venous ratio (thrombus diameter/vein diameter) was calculated. X-rays were also taken to clearly visualize the thrombi followed by contrast medium injection through the catheter. RESULTS: Tube-shaped thrombi were echographically detected in 22 of 23 catheters (95.7%) when the catheter was stripped. Ten catheters (43.5%) were stripped due to the reduced blood flow, and tube-shaped thrombi were observed in the femoral vein, whereas no thrombus was found in the intraluminal side of the catheter. In 7 of 23 patients (30.4%) with leg edema on the same side of the catheter, the thrombovenous ratio was 78.9 +/- 7.4%, which was higher than that in the patients without leg edema (52.1 +/- 11.1%). CONCLUSION: The tube-shaped thrombi, formed around the double-lumen catheter, may cause catheter dysfunction and reduced venous return of the lower legs. The catheter should be removed as soon as thrombosis is diagnosed, especially when accompanied by leg edema.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Blood flow velocity of the femoral vein with foot exercise compared to pneumatic foot compression.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of foot exercise with an intermittent pneumatic foot compression (IPC) device on blood flow velocity of the femoral veins. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled study. SETTING: General intensive care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: 20 patients on bed rest in the intensive care unit. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were divided into 2 groups: group A, foot exercise (n = 10); and group B, IPC device (n = 10). The foot exercise was done once by a nurse for 5 minutes with the dorsiflexion of the ankle (15 times per minute) in group A patients. The IPC device (A-V Impulse System, compression setting: 130 mm Hg for 3 seconds followed by a resting period of 60 seconds) was used for 2 hours in group B. MEASUREMENTS: Peak blood flow velocity of the femoral vein was measured using the ultrasound unit with a 7.5-MHz linear array probe (ALOKA SSD-5500) at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. MAIN RESULTS: Peak blood flow velocities in both groups increased significantly vs the control values during the study. At 5 minutes, group A showed a significant increase in the peak blood flow velocity compared with group B. CONCLUSIONS: Foot exercise by a nurse for 5 minutes was equally or more effective compared with the IPC device in increasing peak blood flow velocity of the femoral vein. The effect of the 5-minute foot exercise lasted for 2 hours.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phlebohemodynamics in the femoral vein and postcava during a voluntary quick single contraction of shin muscles in supine and standing humans].

Effects of a voluntary single quick shin contraction on quantitative parameters of the venous outflow in the femoral vein and postcava were investigated in 65 normal males and females with the Doppler ultrasonic and duplex blood pool scanning techniques. Measured were linear spontaneous blood flow, mean linear and peak velocites of the transport of blood after the muscle contraction, baseline linear cross sections of the femoral vein and postcava cross section, and their extension in the course of mobilized blood evacuation. Based on these measurements calculated were weight power space velocities of the spontaneous blood flow and volumes of mobilized venous blood The investigations were made in supine and standing subjects. According to our data, hemodynamic productivity of the muscle contraction in vertical subjects was much higher than in horizontal with the peak and mean linear blood evacuation outrunning the mean spontaneous outflow from the femoral vein in 25.7 and 10.3 times, respectively. Besides, the weight power space velocity of the contraction-induced outflow exceeded that of the spontaneous blood flow 12.5 times. Simultaneous contraction of the muscles on both legs increased four times the weight power space velocity in the subdiaphragmatic part of the postcava.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Fate of the competence of the valvular apparatus of the femoral veins after cryopreservation. Preliminary study].

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of cryopreservation on the competency of human femoral vein valve. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine superficial femoral veins bearing 24 valves were harvested in brain death patients (5 men, mean age 32 years, range 16 to 63 years). Veins were divided in 24 segments bearing only one valve. Each segments was tested for reflux by using a pressure column filled with heparinized saline. After harvest, vein segments were kept in Belzer solution with antibiotics (gentamycin, colistin, lincomycin and amphotericin B). Histological study was undertaken in a fresh valve segment (n = 9). The remaining segments (n = 15) were stored in 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen vapor for 120 days. Afterwards the 15 cryopreserved vein segments were thawed in 37 degrees C water bath and were studied for mechanical and histological changes. RESULTS: All the 24 valve segments initially tested were competent. Off the 15 cryopreserved segments only 4 (26%) were found to be non refluxive after cryopreservation. Histological study performed before cryopreservation showed a normal appearance of the vein wall (n = 9). On the contrary after cryopreservation, microscopic examination showed that in the incompetent veins, the endothelium surface was either absent or poor with a marked decrease in elastic fibres. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study indicates that DMSO cryopreservation must be improved in order to preserve vein valve competency: 26% of the cryopreserved valves remained competent. Histological findings also suggest that elastic fibres play a major role in the failure of the vein competency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Femoral vein occlusion and spontaneous collateral ectasia presenting as recurrent hernia of the groin: a case report.

Femoral vein occlusion is not a common complication even after repeated hernia repair. We describe a case of a 14-year-old boy with a visible and soft, yet irreducible, mass below the inguinal ligament after 3 previous inguinal hernia repairs and heart catheterization in infancy. Further examination showed dilated venous collaterals, bypassing an occluded common femoral vein via the testicular sheaths and across the pelvic floor. We discuss etiology, diagnostic pitfalls, therapeutic options, and possible future complications, with a literature review.

Adolescent↗