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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Neonatal acid-base balance in spontaneous and instrumental vaginal deliveries.

The acid-base balances of 63 neonates delivered either spontaneously or by the vacuum extractor or low forceps were compared. The outcome was similar in neonates delivered by vacuum extractor or forceps. However, significant differences were noted in the pH and base deficit of infants born by instrumental versus spontaneous delivery. These differences were no longer present when groups with similar duration in the second stage of labor were compared. We conclude that the use of instruments for outlet vaginal delivery carries no additional risk for the fetus.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1991

A randomized comparison of assisted vaginal delivery by obstetric forceps and polyethylene vacuum cup.

The assisted vaginal delivery methods of rigid obstetric forceps and polyethylene vacuum cup extraction were compared in a prospective, randomized study. The 99 women studied had all completed 35 full weeks' gestation, required attempted assisted vaginal delivery, and were randomly assigned to either attempted forceps or vacuum-assisted delivery. All presentations were cephalic, with stations ranging from +1 to +4. Neonates were evaluated at 24 hours by neonatal staff. The infants underwent intracranial ultrasound screening during the first 24 hours of life and ophthalmologic examination within 48 hours. Vaginal delivery was successful with the intended method in 83% of vacuum-assisted deliveries and in 78% of forceps deliveries (not statistically significant). Neonatal retinal hemorrhage was found in 17 and 38% (P less than .043) of the randomized forceps and vacuum deliveries, respectively. No intraventricular hemorrhage was found. Apart from associations between vacuum-assisted delivery and mild hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal retinal hemorrhage (of uncertain clinical significance), and between assisted forceps delivery and an increased potential for facial injury, neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly. Maternal outcomes also did not differ significantly. No significant differences in safety or efficacy were found between polyethylene cup vacuum extraction and rigid obstetric forceps-assisted vaginal delivery in this population of predominantly low-pelvic assisted deliveries. Patients delivered by sequential use of forceps after vacuum or by vacuum after failed forceps application did not suffer significantly increased morbidity relative to those delivered by forceps or vacuum alone. Use of alternate or sequential methods allowed an overall cesarean rate of 3% in this population.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

[Indications and technic of operative vaginal delivery in vertex presentation].

In operative vaginal delivery in vertex presentation we pay attention to a separation in the indication for using a forceps or using a vacuumextractor. A delivery with a vacuumextractor is recommendable only in a flexion of the fetal head, in a low obstetrical resistance and with slow tractions. A delivery with a forceps is recommendable even in a deflexion of the fetal head, in a high obstetrical resistance and in fetal distress situations. A comparison in 2 collectives, each of a time period of 5 years, shows an interesting difference. In collective 1 (1963 to 1967) the frequency of forceps deliveries was 2.2% and of vacuumdeliveries was 3.2%. In collective 2 (1978 to 1982) the frequency of forcepsdeliveries was 4.1% and of vacuumdeliveries was 0.4%. Caused by a separation of the indication and by a consequent fetal monitoring there was an improvement in fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Using a handle in forceps delivery the procedure is more easy and less harmful for the baby.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1984

[History and sidelights on the forceps].

The author starts by showing that the first forceps were originally designed to handle hot metal in founderies and that the word derived from "formus" (hot) and "capere" (to take). The author, Professor Dumont, tries to trace the history of the development of modern forceps, discussing whether the Arabs or such well known authors of classical works as Roesslin, Raynald, Rueff and Rousset knew of the instrument or whether they just described instruments of destruction. Crainz in 1941 had written an article to discuss whether the early Romans had forceps and came to no firm conclusion. Speert in 1957 said that a live baby had been born earlier than the 17th Century, possibly as early as the 2nd or 3rd century of the Roman empire, i.e. over 300 years before Jesus-Christ, by forceps. The description is given of a bas-relief depicting forceps delivery but no one knows whether the bas-relief is genuine or not. The discovery of the Chamberlen forceps in 1813 at Woodham Mortimer Hall in Essex, England, and the lengthy description of how the Chamberlens kept the secret of the invention of the forceps over several generations is very well described. Then follows the story of Jean Palfyn's "mains de fer" which led later to Levret and his long curved forceps. Returning to England, the authors describes how William Smellie covered his forceps with leather so that the patients should not feel the cold metal or hear the clink of the handles. The author then quotes Dr Slop, who appears in Laurence Sterne's "Tristram Shandy" and who knew the Smellie's forceps. Sacombe was an arch enemy of instrumental delivery. The role of the Dane Saxtorph, and how Antoine Dubois delivered Napoleon's son, the future King of Rome, by forceps, is reviewed. Madame La Chapelle and her work as well as that of Scanzoni, and finally of Simpson who first used anaesthesia after inventing a forceps, continues the history. Great names such as Pajot, Tarnier with his axis-traction forceps and finally Barton, Piper and Kielland with their inventions are all described in this beautiful history of forceps.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗