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Results for “platform design”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Electromyographic response of peroneal muscles in surgical and nonsurgical injured ankles during sudden inversion.

Because the peroneal muscles are thought to act as a safeguard against lateral ankle injury, it is important to study their function. This study was undertaken to electromyographically assess the latency between sudden unexpected ankle inversion and the start of peroneal muscle activity. Three groups participated in the study, including subjects with lateral ankle sprain rehabilitated nonsurgically (N = 7), sprains rehabilitated following surgery (N = 6), and injury-free ankles (N = 11). Peroneal latency was assessed by dropping the subjects into inversion from a special platform. The platform was designed so that either ankle could be inverted to 35 degrees without warning. The ANOVA revealed no significant latency differences (p > .05) between the three groups. The study suggests that bilateral peroneal latency is unaffected by injury. Although it has been thought that healthy muscles provide a defense against ankle sprain, their latency is not permanently affected by ankle injury or by surgery performed to correct defects from injury. It appears that mechanoreceptor impairment may be rehabilitated and that it is not a factor in ankle injury.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Telerehabilitation services using web-based telecommunication.

A World Wide Wide-based telerehabilitation platform has been demonstrated in a laboratory environment. This platform allows a rehabilitation provider to thoroughly evaluate the progress of a patient remotely with the same care and measurement precision that would be possible if the provider and the patient were in the same room. The platform was designed to be Web-based so that the service could be offered at the same price without regard to long distance telecommunication facility charges. The Web-based implementation allows enough bandwidth for a simultaneous video teleconference and a precision data acquisition mode even when the Web connection is a low cost analog modem computer interface at both ends of the connection.

Ambulatory Care↗

PubMed2002

Bioinformatic analyses of the tRNA: (guanine 26, N2,N2)-dimethyltransferase (Trm1) family.

Functional analyses of the tRNA:(guanine 26, N2,N2)-dimethyltransferase (Trm1) have been hampered by a lack of structural information about the enzyme and by low sequence similarity to better studied methyltransferases. Here we used computational methods to detect novel homologs of Trm1, infer the evolutionary relationships of the family, and predict the structure of the Trm1 methyltransferase. The N-terminal region of the protein is predicted to form an S-adenosylmethionine-binding domain, which harbors the active site. The C-terminal region is rich in predicted alpha-helices and, in analogy to other nucleic acid methyltransferases, may constitute the target recognition domain of the enzyme. Interposing these two domains, most Trm1 homologs possess a highly variable inserted sequence that is delimited by a Cys4 cluster, likely forming a Zn-finger structure. The residues of Trm1 predicted to participate in cofactor binding, target recognition, and catalysis, were mapped onto a preliminary structural model, providing a platform for designing new experiments to better understand the molecular functions of this protein family. In addition, identification of novel, atypical Trm1 homologs suggests candidates for cloning and biochemical characterization.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2006

Cementless LCS rotating-platform knee arthroplasty in patients over 60 years without patella replacement: a mid-term clinical-outcome study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective paper is to present the results of a cementless LCS rotating-platform artificial knee design without resurfacing of the patella in patients over 60 years of age. MATERIAL/METHODS: In this prospective series, 234 patients were included with 251 knees. The LCS rotating-platform uncemented design was used in all cases, without replacement of the patella. Thirty-four patients were men and 200 were women. Two hundred three patients were suffering from osteoarthrosis (10 bilateral) and 31 patients (7 bilateral) from rheumatoid arthritis. Seventeen patients had a bilateral procedure. Prophylactic antibiotics and anticoagulants were also instituted to all patients. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients developed deep vein thrombosis and responded well to the applied conservative treatment. Overall results in the first 251 cementless cases at 2 to 9.8 years' follow-up (average: 5.7 years) were good to excellent in 94.4%, fair in 4.7%, and poor in 0.7%. Radiographs of the knees showed good bonding and no signs of radiolucency. The average clinical and functional Knee Society Ratings were 21.07 points and 30.95 points, respectively, preoperatively and 87.95 points and 78.56 points, respectively, at the final follow-up evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: With an average follow-up of 5.7 years, uncemented LCS rotating-platform knee joint arthroplasty without replacing the patella in patients over 60 years old was found to perform well, with encouraging clinical and radiological results and a survival rate of 98.1%.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Modeling and simulation of luminescence detection platforms.

Motivated by the design of an integrated CMOS-based detection platform, a simulation model for CCD and CMOS imager-based luminescence detection systems is developed. The model comprises four parts. The first portion models the process of photon flux generation from luminescence probes using ATP-based and luciferase label-based assay kinetics. An optics simulator is then used to compute the incident photon flux on the imaging plane for a given photon flux and system geometry. Subsequently, the output image is computed using a detailed imaging sensor model that accounts for photodetector spectral response, dark current, conversion gain, and various noise sources. Finally, signal processing algorithms are applied to the image to enhance detection reliability and hence increase the overall system throughput. To validate the model, simulation results are compared to experimental results obtained from a CCD-based system that was built to emulate the integrated CMOS-based platform.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2001

Novel fluorescent contrast agents for optical imaging of in vivo tumors based on a receptor-targeted dye-peptide conjugate platform.

We have designed, synthesized, and evaluated the efficacy of novel dye-peptide conjugates that are receptor specific. Contrary to the traditional approach of conjugating dyes to large proteins and antibodies, we used small peptide-dye conjugates that target over-expressed receptors on tumors. Despite the fact that the peptide and the dye probe have similar molecular mass, our results demonstrate that the affinity of the peptide for its receptor and the dye fluorescence properties are both retained. The use of small peptides has several advantages over large biomolecules, including ease of synthesis of a variety of compounds for potential combinatorial screening of new targets, reproducibility of high purity compounds, diffusiveness to solid tumors, and the ability to incorporate a variety of functional groups that modify the pharmacokinetics of the peptide-dye conjugates. The efficacy of these new fluorescent optical contrast agents was evaluated in vivo in well-characterized rat tumor lines expressing somatostatin (sst(2)) and bombesin receptors. A simple continuous wave optical imaging system was employed. The resulting optical images clearly show that successful specific tumor targeting was achieved. Thus, we have demonstrated that small peptide-dye conjugates are effective as contrast agents for optical imaging of tumors.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Design features of portable wheelchair ramps and their implications for curb and vehicle access.

This study evaluated a range of portable wheelchair ramps to highlight the effect of different product features on ease of use when wheelchair users climb curbs or access vehicles. Twelve portable ramps were evaluated. Although all the ramps were designed to load powered wheelchairs into motor vehicles, they were manufactured in different designs. The ramps were based on a "singlewide" platform or "channel" design. Some ramps had fixed dimensions, whereas others could be reduced in size because they were telescopic or designed to allow folding. Overall, the ramps could be divided into four subgroups on the basis of their key features. These were horizontally and longitudinally folding ramps, telescopic ramps, and ramps with fixed dimensions. The telescopic ramps could be subdivided into "U"-shaped gutter ramps and reverse profile ramps. Product appraisals and trials involving wheelchair users and caregivers of wheelchair users were done to evaluate each of these ramp designs. Although wheelchair ramps are available in a wide range of designs and configurations, we found that no single ramp design successfully met the needs of all wheelchair users or their caregivers. The evaluation highlighted a number of specific problems and potential hazards. Some ramps were found to move during a maneuver, showed poor stability when used with some vehicles, or were too narrow to allow wheelchair castors to pass through the channel without jamming. Some features, such as handles and locking mechanisms, influenced the ease with which the caregivers could use the ramps. Wheelchair users preferred the wide platform ramps because they were able to drive up these with ease and little preparation. The caregivers preferred folding or telescopic channel ramps because these were easier to handle and store.

Architectural Accessibility↗

PubMed2026

The TRIM-cancer paradox: BCG as a programmable vaccine platform and a mechanistic probe for rational immunotherapy design.

BCG, a first-generation live vaccine, is being reconsidered as an immunological platform. Interest in its heterologous protection intensified during the pandemic. However, large-scale clinical trials revealed inconsistencies in the efficacy of native BCG. This review argues that BCG's main value lies in its potential as a modifiable vector platform and in its ability to reveal tractable molecular pathways for therapeutic design. This review summarizes the molecular basis of BCG-induced trained immunity (TRIM), focusing on PRR-driven signaling, metabolic rewiring, and epigenetic remodeling in innate immune cells and hematopoietic progenitors. It also maps their convergence with pathways that sustain pro-tumorigenic inflammation. The original conceptual paradigm of the "TRIM-Cancer Paradox" is presented. This paradigm posits that the same innate immune circuits that mediate protective heterologous responses can drive tumor-promoting inflammation and immune escape under conditions of chronic dysregulation. Recombinant BCG (rBCG) is further analyzed as a strategy to rationally amplify or redirect these circuits, the current clinical landscape of BCG-based interventions across various diseases and oncological malignancies is highlighted, and specific molecular nodes that could be exploited to increase the precision, efficacy, and safety of rBCG-based therapies are identified. Overall, this review proposes BCG a programmable immunological platform and to use the TRIM-Cancer Paradox as a novel design principle for next-generation rBCG platforms that transcend traditional vaccinology and cancer immunotherapy applications.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental evaluation of hip dynamics].

AIM: The main aim of this study was to build a dynamometric platform in order to measure the variation of the reaction force on the ground, a very important parameter for evaluating the stability of a patient. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A dynamometric platform for experimental determination of ground-side reaction was design. Using this platform, a theoretical model of the active forces in the limb joints was elaborated. RESULTS: The experimental results of experiments on healthy persons and patients with locomotion disabilities were combined with the theoretical model to determinate the hip reaction force.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

Delivery platform for hydrophobic drugs: prodrug approach combined with self-assembled multilayers.

We report the design of a platform for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs via a macromolecular prodrug approach combined with LbL-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayers. A hyaluronan ester prodrug of the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel has been synthesized. Conjugation of the drug to hyaluronan through a labile succinate ester did not inhibit its activity. Using quartz crystal microbalance, atomic force microscopy, and UV spectroscopy, we have shown that the presence of the hydrophobic paclitaxel moieties does not prohibit the layer-by-layer construction of the multilayers. Release of the drug from the paclitaxel-loaded multilayers upon hydrolysis of the ester linkage resulted in a drastic cell death. Application of this delivery platform to substrates such as colloids, biomedical implants, or vascular tissues may lead to new therapeutic strategies.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Total-body MR-imaging in oncology.

Although MRI is an effective modality in oncology, state-of-the-art total-body MRI (TB-MRI) in the past was infeasible in the diagnostic work-up, due to the need for repeated examinations with repositioning and separate surface coils to cover all body parts. To overcome this limitation, either a moving table platform in combination with the body-coil or a special designed rolling table platform with one body phased-array coil have been implemented with promising results for both tumor staging and metastases screening. Since 2004, state-of-the-art TB-MR imaging with high spatial resolution has become feasible using a newly developed 1.5 Tesla TB-MRI system with multiple receiver channels. This review gives an overview based on the recent literature as well as our own experience concerning the possibilities, challenges, and limitations of TB-MRI in oncology, emphasizing both oncological staging and early tumor detection in asymptomatic subjects.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

The crystal structures of four peptide deformylases bound to the antibiotic actinonin reveal two distinct types: a platform for the structure-based design of antibacterial agents.

Bacterial peptide deformylase (PDF) belongs to a sub-family of metalloproteases that catalyse the removal of the N-terminal formyl group from newly synthesised proteins. PDF is essential in prokaryotes and conserved throughout the eubacteria. It is therefore considered an attractive target for developing new antibacterial agents. Here, we report the crystal structures of four bacterial deformylases, free or bound to the naturally occurring antibiotic actinonin, including two from the major bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The overall tertiary structure is essentially conserved but shows significant differences, namely at the C terminus, which are directly related to the deformylase type (i.e. I or II) they belong to. The geometry around the catalytic metal ion exhibits a high level of similarity within the different enzymes, as does the binding mode of actinonin to the various deformylases. However, some significant structural differences are found in the vicinity of the active site, highlighting the structural and molecular requirements for the design of a deformylase inhibitor active against a broad spectrum of bacterial strains.

Amidohydrolases↗

PubMed2026

NAViFluX: a visualization‑centric platform for interactive analysis, refinement and design of genome‑scale metabolic networks.

MOTIVATION: Genome-scale metabolic network (GSMN) models enable flux-based metabolite fate discovery, metabolic engineering, drug target identification, and multi-omics integration. However, programming requirements, architectural complexity, and limited visualization support impede its adoption by the broader scientific community. Existing tools exclusively specialize in GSMN analyses or visualization while lacking important features such as pathway-specific views, database-integrated refinement, and comprehensive enrichment and perturbation analyses. RESULTS: Here, we present NAViFluX (metabolic Network Analysis and Visualization of Flux), a visualization-centric, web browser-based tool that unifies native pathway/subsystem map generation, interactive model refinement via KEGG/BiGG, pathway merging and modules for flux computations, topology, and functional enrichment all within network views. Using three independent case studies on Escherichia coli, the utility of NAViFluX for characterization of nutrient-specific metabolic adaptations, enhancing gene essentiality predictions and interpretability, and rational design of an optimized carbon-fixing metabolic state is demonstrated. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: All source code and supplementary files associated with the case studies are publicly available via Zenodo at https://zenodo.org/records/19107831. NAViFluX can be easily installed as a standalone software through https://github.com/bnsb-lab-iith/NAViFluX.

Metabolic Networks and Pathways↗

PubMed1996

Muscle strength after successful total knee replacement: a 6- to 13-year followup.

This study investigated the long term results of muscle strength of the knee joint after total knee replacement. Isokinetic testings of 120 degrees and 180 degrees per second and isometric testings at 30 degrees and 60 degrees knee flexion were studied on 1 healthy group and 3 groups of patients 6 to 13 years after total knee arthroplasty with prosthesis designs of total condylar, low contact stress meniscal bearing, or low contact stress rotating platform. The total condylar and low contact stress rotating platform prostheses were designed for use with a cut posterior cruciate ligament, whereas the low contact stress with meniscal bearing type was designed for use with a retained posterior cruciate ligament The muscle strength ratios of hamstring to quadriceps were compared among the prosthetic designs and there were no statistical differences among patient groups. Whether the posterior cruciate ligament was cut or retained did not affect the relative muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstring. All hamstring to quadriceps ratios from the isokinetic testings of these 3 prostheses design groups were greater than those of the healthy group, but were quite close to those of patients with cut anterior cruciate ligaments or with lower levels of daily activity. The hamstring to quadriceps ratios after successful total knee replacement were not the same as those of the healthy group even after long term (6-13 years) functional adaptation.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

First clinical experience with the Alcon LADAR 6000 excimer laser.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the reliability and ergonomics and to assess the first clinical results provided by the new LADAR 6000 excimer laser used to correct myopia and astigmatism, both by conventional and wavefront-guided ablation. METHODS: Seventy-four consecutive eyes from 37 patients underwent LASIK as the first field evaluation protocol of the Alcon LADAR 6000 excimer laser. Forty-six eyes were treated by wavefront-guided ablation to correct a manifest spheroequivalent refractive error (MSRE) of -0.50 to -9.75 diopters (D) (mean: -4.19 D, cylinder range: 0.0 to -3.50 D). Twenty-eight eyes were treated by conventional ablation to correct MSRE of -1.00 to -7.00 D (mean: -3.11 D, cylinder range: 0.0 to -1.75 D). Uncorrected (UCVA) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), MSRE, and wavefront measurements were assessed. Follow-up was 3 months for all eyes. RESULTS: Three months after surgery, all eyes were within +/- 1.00 D of intended correction. Forty-three (93.5%) eyes treated with wavefront-guided ablation and 25 (89.3%) eyes treated with conventional ablation were within +/- 0.50 D. All eyes reached > or = 20/25 UCVA. UCVA > or = 20/20 was reached in 45 (97.8%) wavefront-guided eyes and 26 (92.9%) conventional eyes; 37 (80.4%) wavefront-guided eyes and 17 (60.7%) conventional eyes had 20/16 UCVA. None of the eyes treated lost > or = 2 lines of BSCVA. CONCLUSIONS: The LADAR 6000 excimer laser results proved to be at least as accurate, predictable, and safe as the results currently achieved with the LADARVision4000 excimer laser. The improved microscope illumination enhances visibility for better consistency and ease of use. The better ergonomics and software design of this platform improved patient flow.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Gene delivery in tissue engineering: a photopolymer platform to coencapsulate cells and plasmid DNA.

PURPOSE: Toward the ultimate goal of developing an engineered tissue capable of mimicking complex natural healing processes, we have designed a photopolymer platform that enables simultaneous encapsulation of cells and plasmid DNA in degradable hydrogels. Photopolymerization enables spatial and temporal control of gel formation under physiological conditions, but the presence of photoinitiator radicals poses challenges for DNA photoencapsulation. METHODS: The effects of photoinitiating conditions (ultraviolet light and photoinitiator radicals) on plasmid DNA were studied. Protection methods were identified. Plasmid DNA was photoencapsulated in photocrosslinked hydrogels, and the quantity and quality of the released DNA were assessed. Plasmid DNA was simultaneously entrapped (coencapsulated) with cells in hydrogels to assess in situ transfection. RESULTS: Experiments showed that in the absence of other species, plasmid DNA was sensitive to photoinitiator radicals, but the addition of transfection agents and/or antioxidants greatly reduced DNA damage by radicals. Encapsulated plasmid DNA was released from degradable, photocrosslinked hydrogels in active forms (supercoiled and relaxed plasmids) with an overall -60% recovery. Released DNA was capable of transfecting both plated and encapsulated cells. Encapsulated cells expressed the encoded gene of the coencapsulated plasmid as the polymer degraded. CONCLUSIONS: This photopolymerization platform allows for the creation of engineered tissues with enhanced control of cell behavior through the spatially and temporally controlled release of plasmid DNA.

DNA↗

PubMed2026

Systematic mapping of insertion-tolerant regions enables capsid engineering of an infectious RNA phage.

RNA phages are attractive platforms for the design of programmable bioparticles, but their development has been constrained by limited knowledge of genomic sites that can tolerate sequence insertion. Here, we combined MuA transposase-mediated in vitro insertion mutagenesis with our established reverse genetics systems to systematically identify insertion-tolerant regions (ITRs) in the RNA phages MS2 and PP7. Screening of 4,555 MS2 and 2,228 PP7 random insertion clones identified 29 and 26 non-redundant ITRs, respectively. We further analyzed and compared these ITRs in the context of RNA genome organization and virion architecture. Both phages contained ITRs within the maturation protein, whereas only PP7 tolerated insertions within the coat protein (CP). On the basis of structural location and plaque-forming capacity, an ITR situated between Gly74 and Glu75 (GGC^GAG) in the PP7 CP was selected for further study. Infectious phage particles generated from complementary DNA clones retained the 15-bp insertion at both the RNA and protein levels. Engineered PP7 phages carrying an Arg-Gly-Asp motif inserted into the CP at this ITR displayed enhanced in vivo clearance in a Drosophila model, despite having in vitro stability comparable to that of the wild type. These findings provide the first example of CP engineering in an infectious RNA phage and establish a framework for engineering RNA phages for biological and biotechnological applications.IMPORTANCEA major obstacle to developing RNA phages as synthetic biology platforms is the lack of design principles for genomic insertion. Here, we address this limitation by establishing a mutagenesis-and-recovery workflow that systematically identifies insertion-tolerant regions (ITRs) in the RNA phages MS2 and PP7. The resulting maps reveal distinct structural constraints in the two phages and enable rational engineering of a peptide-display site in the PP7 capsid. Using this approach, we generated an engineered infectious phage with a modified capsid, thereby providing the first demonstration of capsid engineering in an infectious RNA phage, to our knowledge. This study lays the groundwork for the rational design of live RNA phage virions as tractable and engineerable scaffolds for future biological and biotechnological applications.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

A concept for a biologically derived, parabolic implant design.

It has become widely accepted that modern titanium dental implants are successful and predictable. However, there is bone loss in relation to any interface (microgap) that occurs between the implant parts when the microgap is in proximity or apical to the osseous crest. The principle of biologic width may be responsible for such bone remodeling in an apical manner. A new, biologically derived implant design that conceptually may minimize bone remodeling and promote better bone and overlying gingival contours and stability is suggested. The parabolic occlusal platform of this design is in harmony with the biologic width of the soft tissue around the circumference of the implant when the proximal bone is occlusal to the facial and lingual bone. Preservation of proximal bone for an isolated implant, and between implants, will help support and maintain physiologic and cosmetic gingival contours and papillae. This is of particular importance in esthetic areas, where interproximal bone loss between implants or between an implant and an adjacent tooth may cause a reduction in gingival papilla height.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗