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PubMed1999

[Survey of the sensitivities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents (annual report)].

Research groups were formed in 21 institutions nationwide to investigate carbapenem resistance. The activities of various antibacterial agents, principally carbapenems, were tested against clinical isolates collected from these institutions. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 17 antibacterial agents for 1,241 strains of 11 bacterial species isolated at all institutions between October and December 1996. The results were as follows: Carbapenems exhibited strong antibacterial activities against MSSA and Streptococcus pneumoniae and showed low activities against MRSA. Their activities against Enterococcus faecalis were comparable to that of ampicillin and piperacillin. The carbapenems showed high activities against Haemophilis influenzae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Enterobacter cloacae. Serratia marcescens and Bacteroides fragilis group. Their activities were greater than that exhibited by other beta-lactam antibacterial agents, but some resistant strains of Serratia marcescens were detected. The antibacterial activity of carbapenems against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was comparable to that of CAZ, and there were some resistant strains.

Carbapenems↗
PubMed2001

[Activity of new fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii].

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen associated with numerous nosocomial infections. In recent years it has shown extraordinary ease in developing resistance to most antimicrobial agents, which is a serious problem as it makes these infections difficult to treat. We determined the in vitro activity of eight quinolones, five betalactam agents and colistin in 160 clinical isolates of A. baumannii. In general, we observed a high rate of resistance to the quinolones (90%), excluding clinafloxacin (25%), and to ampicillin-sulbactam (61.25%) and imipenem (50%). Colistin is the agent with least resistance (13.125%), although its toxicity limits its therapeutic use. Clinafloxacin may be a good option to treat A. baumannii infections, especially in cases of therapeutic failure with other antimicrobial agents.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed2003

[A case of bacteria-associated hemophagocytic syndrome induced by nosocomial pneumonia].

This study reviews the case of a 67-year-old man who initially presented with high fever and dyspnea. He was subsequently admitted for treatment of pneumonia. On admission, severe leucopenia and thrombopenia were observed in the peripheral blood, with significant phagocytosis of hematopoietic cells including erythroblasts and leukocytes by macrophages in the bone marrow. Following the administration of antibiotic therapy, an improvement in pneumonia and cytopenia symptoms was noted. Clinically, we diagnosed this case as bacteria-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (BAHS) with community-acquired pneumonia. In general BAHS is seen following severe hematologic disease or pneumonia, and so the treatment of BAHS is quite difficult. This particular case had no additional hematologic disorder, and all presenting symptoms of BAHS were resolved immediately following the improvement in pneumonia with post-antibiotic therapy.

Aged↗