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PubMedDate not supplied

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a pathological, clinical and aetiological analysis of 87 cases.

Analysis of 87 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis ( XPN ) from 1958 to 1983 (14 males, 73 females, ages 13-85) revealed an incidence of 1.4 cases/100 000 population per annum which is apparently increasing. Clinical, radiological and pathological investigations demonstrated universal urinary obstruction (77.5 per cent calculi, 17.5 per cent pelviureteric junction obstruction) and pathogenic organisms such as E. coli or Proteus were cultured from the urine in 72 per cent of cases. Rare complications included sinuses or fistulae to bowel. We believe that the combination of urinary obstruction and infection by organisms of low virulence initiate XPN , and that associated lipid is derived from renal pelvic adipose tissue. Problems of differential diagnosis are discussed in relation to the use of immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Chemotherapeutic effectiveness of gentamycin, tobramycin and sisomycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyelonephritis in rats compared with dioxidine].

The chemotherapeutic efficacy of gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin and dioxydin was studied and compared in rats with hematogenic obturation P. aeruginosa pyelonephritis. The drugs were injected intramuscularly in doses of 5, 8, 8 and 50 mg/kg, respectively for 7 days a day after infection. It was shown that on prolongation of the period of the treatment estimation from 24 hours to 7 days after discontinuation of the drug use a significant decrease was observed in the therapeutic efficacy of dioxydin, gentamicin and especially tobramycin. As for sisomicin, the decrease was insignificant. Dioxydin and gentamicin had a similar therapeutic effect at the early and late periods of their estimation after discontinuation of the treatment. They were inferior to tobramycin with respect to the early results and superior to it with respect to the late results. The chemotherapeutic efficacy of sisomycin in both the cases was higher than that of tobramycin, gentamicin and dioxydin.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Localized form of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a child. Case report].

The authors report the case of a 4 1/2-year-old boy with a localized xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Review of the literature shows that this rare condition is often misdiagnosed before surgery, a preoperative diagnosis of Wilms' tumor being proposed instead of the exact one which is of benign prognosis. The pathogenesis is unknown.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

[Kallikrein-kinin system of the kidneys and blood in hypertension and chronic pyelonephritis].

Comparative study of the renal and blood kinin system in patients with hypertensive disease and in those with chronic pyelonephritis revealed its different reaction to a similar character of arterial pressure in these patients, which suggests that the kinin system differs in its significance in the pathogenesis of hypertension in these diseases. It is recommended to use the values of the renal and blood kinin system in practice for the differential-diagnostic purpose in the planned stage-by-stage examination of patients with arterial hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Our theory and discussion on the development of such an entity. Report of 9 cases].

The authors present 9 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis observed in the "Juan XXIII" Hospital in Tarragona. They emphasize the relationship between lithiasis, chronic urinary infection and antigenic stimulation for the development of this entity, the progressive result of a lesion in the kidney tissue with immobilized infectious calcareous deposits. In the granulomatous lesion they find cells called antigen-antibody quartets, with foamy-type histiocytes, the nodular collections of which constitute the key to X.P. The formation of lymphocytic germinal centres is another antigenic stimulus in some parts of the kidney tissue. These structures are due to the storing of antibodies and therefore the immunoglobulins would not be released towards the blood stream, which would explain changes in the immunoglobulins in these patients' serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Identification and characteristics of the conjugative R plasmids of conditionally pathogenic E. coli isolated from chronic pyelonephritis patients].

The study on 63 strains of conditionally pathogenic E. coli isolated from patients with chronic pyelonephritis showed that the bacteria of the 47 strains (74.6%) were resistant to one or several antibiotics. 7 strains of such bacteria carried R-plasmids capable of transferring into the cells of E. coli K-12 during conjugation. Most of the identified 9 R-plasmids belonged to the class of the F-like plasmids and were characterized by similar lots of antibiotic resistance markers. DNA of the detected R-plasmids were treated with endonuclease (restrictase) EcoRI. After that the fragments were analysed by means of electrophoresis in agarose gel. On the basis of the restrictogrames it was concluded that the plasmids studied were not identical. A possibility of detecting complexes consisting of different plasmids carrying similar lots of antibiotic resistance markers in the cells of the same strain was shown.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

Protective effect of immunization with Salmonella minnesota Re 595 against ascending Escherichia coli O6K13H1 pyelonephritis in rats.

Active as well as passive immunization with formalin-killed S. minnesota Re 595 bacteria protected against experimental, ascending pyelonephritis caused by E. coli O6K13H1 in rats. Absorption of the hyperimmune sera with Re antigen before passively given did not eliminate the protective effect. The specificity of protective antibodies is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Experimental pyelonephritis in mice following ascending infection with C. coli. Acute phase.

The initial interaction between uroepithelial cells and Escherichia coli which has adhesive or invasive activity for cultured cells was studied ultrastructurally at the in situ of infection in the model of ascending pyelonephritis in mice. The densely piliated adhesive strain E77156 isolated from the urine of a patient with urinary tract infection adhered to the pelvic and renal tubular epithelial cells and colonized on their cell surfaces and thereafter in the cytoplasm. The non-piliated invasive strain 633-65 isolated from a patient with dysentery-like syndrome did not colonize on the uroepithelial cell surfaces but easily penetrated into the cytoplasm of these cells. Thereafter multiplication was observed in their cytoplasm. Neither strain scarcely penetrated into the interstitium via the basement membrane of the renal tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Studies on the kinetics of nitrofurantoin (Nifurantin) in normal pregnancy, gestoses, pyelonephritis and labor (author's transl)].

After oral administration of 300 mg of nitrofurantoin (Nifurantin) to various groups of pregnants, to women in labour and nonpregnant women the blood level and renal excretion of nitrofurantoin were investigated. We stated that gravidity, pyelonephritis and EPH-gestosis did not alter neither the renal excretion nor the blood level. In contrast to this during labour the renal elimination of nitrofurantoin was diminished and the blood concentration was enhanced. The biotransformation of nitrofurantoin seems not to be changed by pregnancy.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1982

Biliary obstruction due to xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Presented here is an unusual case of extrinsic biliary obstruction due to a mass caused by xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, in itself a rare disease, of the right kidney. This phenomenon has not been described previously in the literature, and it should be brought to the attention of practitioners as another possible cause of biliary disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of chemotherapy on kidney function in pyelonephritis due to calculi with kidney insufficiency].

In patients with stone pyelonephritis the behaviour of the renal function under the influence of chemotherapy was examined at the stage of the compensated retention. 24 cures carried out on clinical conditions on 10 patients with an average age of 52 years (14--71) were evaluated. By means of chemotherapy in connection with the treatment of anaemia and the compensation of acidosis the renal function could favourably be influenced and the terminal stage of the renal insufficiency could be shifted. The author adopts a definite attitude to the long-term prophylaxis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Vascular impression in the renal calices and pyelonephritis (Fraley syndrome)].

In the clinical roentgenological investigation of 46 patients with Fraley syndrome, it was stressed that the syndrome is evolutive, with clinical significance and often combined with pyelonephritis. It was underlined that in case of that syndrome, complex clinical, laboratory, X-ray and radio-isotope investigations are necessary for the precision of the diagnosis and the therapeutic behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of gentamycin on the kidney functional state in experimental pyelonephritis].

The experiments with rats treated with gentamicin showed that nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys did not significantly change in the animals 3 months after induction of pyelonephritis, while in the animals not treated with the antibiotic there was a significant increase in excretion of alkaline phosphatase with urine. The nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys was not affected by gentamicin, except an increase in the urea blood level. Gentamicin promoted a significant rise in excretion of enzymes with urine, especially that of alkaline phosphatase. Treatment of healthy animals with gentamicin resulted in the increased excretion of alkaline phosphatase with urine and increased urea blood levels which was evident of the nephrotoxic effect of the aminoglycoside antibiotic. When such animals were treated with furosemide, the renal excretion of the enzyme and the blood creatinine urea levels decreased. Therefore, furosemide lowered nephropathy induced by gentamicin. The increase in the activity of the urine enzymes may be due to inflammatory changes in the kidney parenchymal on the one hand and the pephrotoxic effect of the drugs on the other hand. The urine enzymes may be used as important diagnostic tests in cases with kidney affections and indicators of safe treatment with nephrotoxic antibiotics.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Microbial flora sensitivity to antibacterial agents in chronic pyelonephritis patients who have had acute kidney failure].

The analysis of antibioticograms of patients with a history of chronic pyelonephritis and acute renal insufficiency is presented. It was found that the synergistic effect observed with the use of gentamicin in combination with carbenicillin or ampicillin with cephaloridin provides a decrease in the therapeutic doses of the drugs with a purpose of elimination of their side action.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

Measurements of nonspecific humoral immune parameters in patients with chronic pyelonephritis.

The levels of autoantibody classes IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD against renal antigens together with CH50, C3, C4, lysozyme, and phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli 014 were determined in serum samples from 3 groups of patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Increased levels of IgG and IgD were found in patients with severely impaired renal function while increased levels of IgM and IgD correlated with disease activity. C3 levels were increased with enhanced activity and C4 and lysozyme levels with reduced renal function and distinct activity. The value of these findings is discussed and the clinical usefulness of the determination of levels of IgM, IgD, C3, C4, and lysozyme is pointed out.

Antibody Formation↗