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PubMed1991

Dental implants.

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Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical study on risk management for dental implant treatment--Part 1. Clinical retrospective study on the medically compromised patients at clinic for oral implant].

A retrospective study on medically compromised patients was made using 1,000 outpatients who visited the Clinic for Oral Implant, University Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University between April 1995 and June 1998. The results were as follows: 1. 35.3% (353 patients: 140 males and 213 females) of the outpatients were medically compromised. 2. The greatest number of medically compromised patients was in the 50-59 age group (118 cases), followed by those in the 40-49 and 60-69 age groups. 3. The highest ratio of medically compromised patients was in the 60-69 age group (48.2%), followed by those in the 70-79 and 50-59 age groups. 4. Among the 353 patients, 96 (27.2%) underwent surgical treatment such as insertion of implant (68 cases), removal of implant, extraction of tooth, and free gingival graft. 5. Among the 68 patients who underwent insertion of implant, in a classification by type of disease, the patients with cardiovascular diseases were the most numerous (33.9%), followed by metabolic and digestive tract diseases. 6. All surgical treatments of implant insertion were performed under local anesthesia, while monitoring cardiac and respiratory function, and SpO2. Among the 68 patients, 9 underwent operation under intravenous sedation and 2 under nitrous oxide inhalation sedation. All 11 patients had hypertension. The results suggested that identification of preoperative risk factors, precise recognition of general condition, and establishment of control system are important to manage medically compromised patients for dental implant treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The influence of a flexible coating on the bone stress around dental implants.

The influence of a three-layered flexible coating of Polyactive on bone stress distribution was investigated by three-dimensional finite element models of mandibular bone, in which a titanium implant (coated or uncoated) was located. Polyactive is a system of poly(ethylene oxide) poly(butylene terephthalate) segmented co-polymers with bone-bonding capacity. In the case of sagittal and transversal loading, the use of a Polyactive coating reduced both the minimum principal stress in the bone and the compressive radial stress at the bone-implant interface. However, it raised the maximum principal and the tensile radial stress. In the case of vertical loading, the application of a flexible coating reduced the compressive radial stress at the bone-implant interface around the neck of the implant by a factor of 6.6 and the tensile radial stress by a factor of 3.6. Variations in composition and thickness of the coating did not affect the results significantly.

Alveolar Process↗