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PubMed1986

Electrophysiological correlates of infant recognition memory.

Event-Related Potentials were recorded from 6-month-old infants in order to examine the electrophysiological correlates of recognition memory. In 1 study, infants were shown 1 face briefly, followed by the same face presented with high probability, and a novel face presented with low probability. 2 components were observed that distinguished between the novel and familiar events. Differences between these components in latency, polarity, and scalp topography led to the suggestion that 2 processes were involved in recognizing the stimuli. In a second study infants were again presented with 1 face briefly, followed by the same face and a novel face presented with equal probability. 1 component at central scalp distinguished between the novel and familiar events. In a third study, infants were simply presented with 2 previously unseen faces equally often. Infants responded as if the faces were identical, suggesting that previous experience with 1 stimulus directs infants' attention to the novel stimulus during the test portion of the task. The extent to which the observed responses reflect the updating of working memory is discussed, as is the extent to which infants' electrophysiological response to stimulus novelty and uncertainty resembles the adult's.

Arousal↗
PubMed1996

Effects of stimulus duration, temporal delay, and complexity on the judgments of dot location.

The present study investigated how information on location was processed at an early stage of information processing by the task of recognizing dots presented briefly and followed by a masking stimulus. 8 subjects were asked on 1528 trials to recognize the positions of dots presented on a circumference. Effects of number of dots (1, 2, and 3), duration of presentation (36, 56, 200, and 500 msec.), and time delay (interval between the offset of display and the onset of recognition stimulus, 100 and 500 msec.) were examined. Analyses showed that the percentage of correct recognition increased with the duration of presentation and that the effect of duration decreased with the number of dots. Meanwhile, no significant effect was found for time delay. Consequently, with increased duration, the information on location is transferred to short-term visual memory. However, the ratio of transfer from iconic storage to short-term visual memory with duration varied with the complexity of visual stimulus.

Adult↗