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Results for “construct validity”

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PubMed1999

Development of the Perioperative Nursing Data Set.

Nursing practice is a major component of health care. Yet, it remains undervalued and essentially invisible because little data exist to substantiate the influence of nurses on patient outcomes. The research-based Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS), with an easily automated nomenclature capable of describing the specialty practice of perioperative nursing, was designed to fill this gap. Four domains (i.e., safety, physiologic response to surgery, patient and family behavioral response to surgery, health system) form the foundation of the PNDS. Each domain, with accompanying desired outcomes, nursing interventions, and nursing diagnoses, has reliability, content validity, and evidence of construct validity. The purpose of this article is to introduce the conceptual framework, taxonomy, and potential clinical applications of the PNDS.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2004

The multidimensional driving style inventory--scale construct and validation.

Two studies were conducted in order to develop a multidimensional instrument of driving style. In Study 1, we developed a self-report scale assessing four broad domains of driving style-the multidimensional driving style inventory (MDSI). A factor analysis revealed eight main factors, each one representing a specific driving style--dissociative, anxious, risky, angry, high-velocity, distress reduction, patient, and careful. In addition, significant associations were found between the eight factors, on the one hand, and gender, age, driving history, and personality measures of self-esteem, need for control, impulsive sensation seeking, and extraversion, on the other. In Study 2, further associations were found between the eight driving style factors and measures of trait anxiety and neuroticism. The discussion focused on the validity and utility of a multidimensional conceptualization of driving style.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Investigation methods in clinical cardiology. IV. Clinical measurements in cardiology: validity and errors of measurements].

Measurements represent an essential part of clinical activity. Very often, however, relevant disagreement in clinical measurements becomes apparent. The sources of this variability are the subjects (patients) that are measured, the measurement instrument itself, and the observer. The assessment of the quality of measurement usually relies on the evaluation of its reproducibility and its validity. The reproducibility is basically measured as the inter-observer concordance, the intra-observer concordance, and the test-retest concordance. The specific parameter used to its quantification (intra-class correlation coefficient, kappa index, graphic methods, etc.) depend on the kind of variable to be measured. The validity of the measurement is the degree to which the measurement is really measuring what we think it should. If an acceptable standard is available, then so called criterion validity is usually assessed. Otherwise the validity should be assessed by other ways that use subjective criteria (content validity and face validity) or empirical criteria (construct validity).

Cardiology↗
PubMed1999

[A scale of perioperative satisfaction for anesthesia. I--Construction and validation].

OBJECTIVE: To develop and to validate a scale assessing perioperative patient's satisfaction with anaesthesia (Evan). STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive and evaluative study. PATIENTS: The study included 742 adults undergoing a surgical or a diagnostic procedure under general anaesthesia. Emergency, ambulatory and obstetrical cases were excluded. METHODS: A multidisciplinary working party produced 85 questions focusing on various pertinent areas describing satisfaction. After a validation, 25 out of them were selected for the questionnaire. The latter was completed within the 24 hours following anaesthesia by 742 inpatients. RESULTS: Item analysis showed a homogeneous distribution of the answers to each item. Main component analysis allowed to explain 53% of total variance. Six dimensions were isolated by the exploratory analysis: anxiety, embarrassment, fear, pain-discomfort, information and physical needs. Scoring method followed a simple additive model: for each dimension, the scale scored 0-100. The global score represented the sum of the six dimensions also scored 0-100. Acceptability of Evan questionnaire was satisfactory, with a spontaneous non response rate of less than 1% and a completion duration at 11 +/- 8 min. CONCLUSION: A self-completed questionnaire on patient's satisfaction with anaesthetic period was validated, allowing a global and multidimensional assessment of patient's satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Construction and validation of a fatigue impact scale for daily administration (D-FIS).

The fatigue impact scale (FIS) was developed previously as a symptom-specific profile measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for use in medical conditions in which fatigue is a prominent chronic symptom. Thus, it was not developed to be a responsive measure of daily changes in fatigue. This study describes the development and initial validation of an adaptation of the FIS for daily use. Items for the daily fatigue impact scale (D-FIS) were selected from the pool of original FIS items through Rasch analyses of existing data. The reduced-item FIS was administered to a sample of 93 subjects with flu-like illness, 25 of whom were followed for a 21-day period. Rasch analyses were used to further reduce the scale to a minimum number of items that represented a unidimensional measure of self-reported fatigue impact. This 8-item D-FIS demonstrated good relations to flu symptom ratings and to other general health ratings. It also proved to be a responsive measure of change in reported fatigue impact for subjects who were followed longitudinally. This initial validation study indicates that the D-FIS has considerable promise as a valid measure of the subjective daily experience of fatigue.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Construction and validation of a quality of life instrument for young adults.

Assessment of quality of life (QOL) in young adults has become an increasingly important field of research as information on the QOL of children and adults accumulates. The purpose of this study is to report on the development of the Young Adult Quality Of Life (YAQOL) instrument, a measure of QOL for young adults aged 18-25. The YAQOL, which is comprised of 14 multi-item scales that assess physical health and aspects of psychological well-being, social relationships, role function, and environmental context, was administered to a general population sample of 751 young adults. Scale structure was confirmed by item-internal consistency, item discriminant validity, and inter-scale correlations. Reliability coefficients ranged from 0.88 to 0.63 across scales (mean = 0.73). Eight YAQOL scales discriminated clearly between young adults with and without chronic physical conditions, 12 scales discriminated between young adults with and without personality disorder, and negative associations were demonstrated between YAQOL scale scores and psychiatric disorder symptoms. Demographic differences in the YAQOL scales were consistent with theoretical expectations and previous empirical work. Overall, findings support the reliability and utility of the YAQOL as a measure of QOL in young adults in the general population. Additional psychometric properties will continue to be evaluated as more data become available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Construction and validation of risk assessments in a six-year follow-up of forensic patients: a tridimensional analysis.

Evaluations of risk were conducted for 162 Canadian mentally disordered criminal defendants through the assembly of actuarial data, scores from special-to-purpose psychometric instruments, and scaled global predictions of dangerousness to others by clinicians and nonclinical raters. Violent conduct by participants was tracked across legal and medical institutions and the community for a subsequent 6 years, with aggregate violence base rates reaching 62%. Decisions about risk were strongly associated with participant attributes and presentations during forensic interviews, but neither linear regression equations involving background and scale items nor direct discretionary judgments could account for more than 25% of variance in the frequency of outcome violence. Predictive accuracy maximized after 3 years, and was strongest for hospital-based violence. Professional clinicians were no more accurate than nonclinical raters. Implications of these findings for the sociolegal control of violence, and for the resurgent "second generation" of risk research, are explored.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Coping through emotional approach: scale construction and validation.

Four studies demonstrate the psychometric adequacy and validity of scales designed to assess coping through emotional approach. In separate undergraduate samples, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of dispositional (Study 1) and situational (Study 3) coping item sets yielded 2 distinct emotional approach coping factors: emotional processing (i.e., active attempts to acknowledge and understand emotions) and emotional expression. The 2 scales yielded high internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. A study (Study 2) of young adults and their parents established the scales' interjudge reliabilities. Longitudinal (Study 3) and experimental (Study 4) research supported the predictive validity of the emotional approach coping scales with regard to adjustment to stressful encounters. Findings highlight the utility of functionalist theories of emotion as applied to coping theory.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

The abbreviated multidimensional acculturation scale: empirical validation with two Latino/Latina samples.

Two studies were conducted to develop and examine internal consistencies and validate the Abbreviated Multidimensional Acculturation Scale. Study 1 participants were 156 Latino/Latina college students. Findings indicated good internal reliabilities for all 3 subscales. Adequate concurrent validity was established with length of residence in the United States. The scale also showed adequate convergent and discriminant validity. Study 2 participants were 90 Latino/Latina community members. The subscales were also reliable and showed adequate concurrent validity with length of residence in the United States. Convergent and discriminant validity were also adequate. Construct validity was further demonstrated through factorial analyses of the combined samples (N = 246). Three separate factors emerged: cultural identity, language competence, and cultural competence.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2005

[The farmost unknown disease of postoperative permanent hypoparathyroidism--feasibility and validation of an innovative questionnaire instrument].

Aim of our study has been the systematic evaluation concerning the still farmost unknown disease of postoperative, permanent hypoparathyroidism. For this we designed a specific questionnaire as measuring instrument--it was evaluated by experts and validated by 3 control groups--to examine then a patient group (n = 20) with symptomatic postoperative, permanent hypoparathyroidism. The application of the questionnaire was very feasible, the reliability of measuring scales according to Cronbach's alpha > or = 0.70. The validity of content and construct validity fully existed (Pearson's correlation coefficient r > or = - 0.27; p < 0,05). The farmost frequent clinical complaints were peripheral cold sensations (65 %), pains in joints (55 %), sensation of heaviness and weakness in extremities (55 %) and paresthesias (45 %). Most frequent clinical symptoms were brittle nails (40 %) and diarrhoea (35 %). Sum and distress level scores for classification of illness severity were determined. In conclusion our questionnaire is a valid instrument and from a clinical point of view easy to apply, reasonable and very feasible in practical use. It represents a novel, optimum instrument to determine disease condition and illness severity of hypoparathyroid patients and makes it possible to gain further information of this up to now less systematically analysed disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The measurement of criminal dangerousness as a personality construct: further validation of a research index.

The validity of an index measuring criminal dangerousness was further evaluated by determining whether it could discriminate among prisoners committing violent crimes at three levels of severity. The index score was a multiplicative product of an antisocially score and an IQ score, with high antisocially and low IQ reflecting greater dangerousness. Comparison of index scores for men committing murder (most severe); robbery and rape (intermediate severity); and assault, child molestation, and manslaughter (least severe) revealed a significant monotonic increase in dangerousness scores as increasingly severe crimes were considered. Several recommendations for the measurement of criminal dangerousness were offered.

Adult↗