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PubMed1971

[Volvulus].

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2003

Radiographic techniques and interpretation of the acute abdomen.

Radiography is a familiar and available imaging modality for the evaluation of patients with acute abdominal distress. Potential causes for acute abdominal distress include the hepatobiliary system, spleen, urogenital tract, and gastrointestinal tract. Radiographic signs associated with specific conditions are described, including gastric-dilation volvulus, urinary bladder rupture, ureteral rupture, urethral rupture, pancreatitis, and small intestinal obstruction. Additionally, contrast procedures that can be beneficial in evaluating the patient with acute abdomen, including positive contrast cystography, urethrography, excretory urography, and peritoneography, are described.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2005

Acute mesenteric ischaemia.

Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia (AMI) is an uncommon vascular emergency where the diagnosis is often difficult and overlooked and delay in diagnosis results in a grave outcome. Although extravascular events like intussusception, volvulus, strangulated hernia and adhesive obstruction in neglected cases can result intestinal gangrene, this contribution will be limited to acute mesenteric ischaemia as a primary event. AMI consists of four pathologic processes (arterial thrombosis, arterial embolism, Non Occlusive Mesenteric Ischaemia (NOMI) and mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT)) with similar clinical presentation and one potentially fatal pathological endpoint- intestinal gangrene. The clinical setting and the patient's risk profile often give the clue to the etiological process while the presentation is dominated by severe unrelenting abdominal pain out of proportion to the physical findings. The key to the successful management depends on the surgeon's ability to suspect the diagnosis, pursue appropriate investigations and institute aggressive treatment. The mortality remains high due to difficulty and delay in the diagnosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chilaiditi syndrome associated the volvulus of the transverse colon].

The hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon (Chilaiditi's Syndrome) and associated volvulus of the transverse colon is a rare cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction. The preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. We report a 26-year-old- male case, symptomatic since childhood, whose diagnosis by barium enema was confirmed surgically in Hospital Universitário de Taubaté. He underwent a transversectomy, and presented an intestinal obstruction in the post-operative period. Two reoperations were required. He has remained well, with outpatient supervision.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain-pituitary-adrenal interrelationship in closed loop intestinal obstruction in man. Effects of stepwise removal of brain, midbrain section and frontal leucotomy in dogs after the same type of stress.

Volvulus shows high plasma 17-OHCS level and after operation there is a progressive fall. Brain-pituitary-adrenal interrelationship has been studied in experimental dogs using a different type of stressor i.e. closed loop intestinal obstruction. Midbrain section blocks the adrenocortical response. Frontal leucotomy leads to increased response after acute distension of the closed loop. Acute hypothalamectomy does not lead to blocking of the adrenocortical response to stress.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Experimental and clinical study in the treatment of sigmoid volvulus.

The aim of the study was to introduce an alternative surgical procedure for the treatment of primary volvuius of the sigmoid colon. Sigmoid colon plication was performed in 42 dogs, and afterwards in six patients. The procedure consists of systematic plaiting the sigmoid colon wall with interrupted serosubmucosal 3/0 Vicryl sutures along the whole circumference, except on the mesenteric border. Five parallel circular folds were done in dogs, and 20-30 folds in patients, with appropriate bowel length reduction. In the experimental study, dogs were randomly divided into three experimental and one control group of 14 animals each. The group 1 dogs were sacrificed on day 8, group 2 dogs on day 15, and group 3 and control group dogs on day 30 postoperatively. On exploration, sigmold colon adhesions were found in 6 (14.3%) animals. Intestinal wall and lumen were normal. In the clinical study, six patients with sigmoid volvulus were operated on within 6-8 hours of admission. A viable colon was a prerequisite for the sigmoid plication procedure. The operating time was 60-90 minutes. Recovery was uneventful, with average hospitalization 11 (range 8-15) days. No volvulus recurrence was recorded during the three-year follow-up. Based on our experimental and clinical data, we believe that the plication procedure could be appropriate treatment in some selected patients with volvulus of the sigmold colon.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the newborn].

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease of the premature neonate that requires early therapy, sometimes even surgery and therefore early diagnosis. In general, plain radiography of the abdomen and sonography are valuable imaging techniques for diagnosis of NEC. COURSE OF NEC: The disease starts with distension of small bowel loops. Furthermore the children develop pneumatosis in the bowel wall, which is a nonspecific pattern. If the NEC persists, the air passes into the portal vein system, causing a pneumoportogram. Finally, the disease can lead to perforation. In doubtful cases, the plain radiogram must be repeated within a period of 6 h. With sonography distension of the bowel, thickening of and pneumatosis in the bowel wall, the pneumoportogram and free intraperitoneal fluid can be easily depicted. The most common complications of NEC are intestinal stenosis and strictures that can lead to ileus. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: Focal perforation of ileum, volvulus and Hirschsprung's disease are some of the differential diagnoses.

Diagnosis, Differential↗