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PubMed1984

Multiple benign colonic polypi at the site of ureterosigmoidostomy.

Nine benign retention (juvenile) large bowel polyps with an unusual histologic appearance, developed in a 23-year-old man at the site of anastomosis 7 years after ureterosigmoidostomy. Benign tumor occurring as a complication of this operation are very uncommon, and no previously reported case has had more than two lesions. The literature is reviewed, with emphasis on the characteristic histological appearance of benign postureterosigmoidostomy polyps.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Coloscopic treatment (author's transl)].

Treatment by coloscopy is almost exclusively identical to endoscopic polypectomy. From a technical standpoint, coloscopic polypectomy can be regarded as a sophisticated method: risks are minimal. Of a total of 1236 polyps resected endoscopically over a period of 4 years, two-thirds were resected with a coloscope. Almost 70% of the polyps were adenomas; 10 polyps proved to be carcinomas (without parts of an adenoma); 64 out of 797 polypous adenomas were associated with focal carcinomas. Indications for coloscopic polypectomy are all stalked polyps and those broad-based sessile polyps up to a diameter of about 3 cm.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Diffuse juvenile polyposis of the colon: a premalignant condition?

Juvenile polyps are a common cause of rectal bleeding in the pediatric age group. These polyps are usually solitary, but occasionally polyposis can be identified by barium-enema or colonoscopy examinations. The benign nature of a single polyp or even scattered polyposis in childhood has been supported by several authors. A case of diffuse juvenile polyposis of the colon with associated adenomatous polyps of the colon in a 17-year-old who presented with iron deficiency anemia and rectal prolapse is discussed. This combination of diffuse juvenile polyposis and adenomatous polyps is an uncommon entity which is left to represent a premalignant lesion that warrants appropriate therapy. A review of the literature concerning the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of juvenile polyps is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Significance of the smooth muscle cell component in Peutz-Jeghers and juvenile polyps.

We have previously reported the presence of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the lamina propria of both tubular and villous adenomatous polyps. In the current study, we investigated the presence and distribution of SMCs with immunohistochemical techniques using anti-alpha smooth muscle actin and anti-desmin antibodies on a series of hamartomatous polyps. In five Peutz-Jeghers polyps, large tree-like branches of SMCs were observed, while in 13 juvenile polyps, rare elongated SMCs were found in the lamina propria, partially surrounding cystically dilated glands. Apart from the quantitative differences, the SMC distribution was similar in the two types of hamartomatous polyps and not dissimilar from the pattern described in neoplastic polyps. These findings make the category "juvenile polyp" less clear and its differentiation from other histologic types of polyp less sharp. Thus, the presence or absence of SMCs cannot form the basis of the differential diagnosis between adenomatous and hamartomatous polyps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp mimicking anorectal malignancy.

Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp is a rare condition arising from the transitional zone of the anorectal junction. It is benign but may macroscopically resemble anorectal malignancy. Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp was diagnosed in two patients with rectal bleeding and polypoid growths at the anorectal junction. The lesions were best visualized with an endoscope retroflexed in the rectum. Accurate diagnosis was dependent on histological examination. The histological similarities to solitary rectal ulcer syndrome and other mucosal prolapse conditions are discussed, and the literature on inflammatory cloacogenic polyp and its management reviewed.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed1985

Predictive value of rectal bleeding in screening for rectal and sigmoid polyps.

Overt rectal bleeding is a common symptom of colorectal cancer and polyps but also occurs in apparently healthy people. It is not known how often this represents bleeding from an undiagnosed rectal or sigmoid polyp or cancer. Three hundred and nineteen apparently healthy men aged over 50, selected by random sampling, were interviewed and underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy to at least 30 cm. Polyps of 10 mm or more in diameter were diagnosed in 12, one of whom also had an adenocarcinoma. Rectal bleeding during the previous six months was reported by 48, four of whom were found to have polyps; seven polyps and one cancer were diagnosed among the 271 who reported no rectal bleeding. Rectal bleeding had a specificity of 86%, a sensitivity of 33%, and a positive predictive value of 8% for rectal or sigmoid polyps or cancer. Restricting the analysis to those subjects who regularly inspected their stools did not improve the predictive value. Sigmoidoscopy in apparently healthy subjects with rectal bleeding will not result in the diagnosis of appreciable numbers of rectal and sigmoid polyps or cancers.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1975

Colonoscopy: Its principles and applications.

Fiberoptic colonoscopy has seen its early development in the past five years and in the last two to three years a rapidly expanding experience has developed. The use of this instrument has been documented abundantly both as a diagnostic tool and as a therapeutic tool, and its effectiveness in both areas is well established. The chief therapeutic use of the colonoscope is in the removal of polyps, and in this area the experience has been most gratifying in regard to the ability to remove most polyps and the low incidencs of complications.

Colon↗
PubMed1975

[The diagnostic and prognostic significance of epithelial blood group isoantigens in carcinomas and polyps of the colon (author's transl)].

Blood group isoantigens (BG) were detected in carcinomas and polyps of the colon and were related to the degree of differentiation, the histologic type, the age of the patients and the histologic signs of malignancy. 1. BG were found in 60-70% of colon carcinomas regardless of their differentiation. 2. BG-positive carcinomas were less often surrounded by lymphocytes and plasma cells than BG-negative ones. 3. BG were present in colon polyps as mucusassociated and as membrane-associated antigens depending on the differentiation of the cells. Hence, BG-activity can be regarded as additional criterium to assess objectively the differentiation of the tumor cells in a polyp. 4. The percentage of BG-positive polyps increased with dedifferentiation. 5. Polyps with foci of malignant degeneration were consistently BG-positive. 6. Villous polyps contained BG more often than the adenomatous ones. 7. The results support the concept that both villous and adenomatous polyps of the colon are precancerous lesions.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1986

Intramucosal gastric carcinoma in a patient with familial polyposis coli.

Upper gastrointestinal polyps commonly occur in patients with familial polyposis coli; but the occurrence of gastric carcinoma is very rare in this disorder. We report a case of intramucosal gastric carcinoma in a patient with familial polyposis coli and multiple gastrointestinal adenomatous polyps.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Management of large malignant rectal polyps with transanal endoscopic microsurgery. Is there anything better for the patient?

The authors report their experience with transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), a technique that allows all the standard surgical manoeuvres such as tissue excision, suction, control of bleeding and suturing in the entire length of the rectal cavity. Main indications for TEM are the removal of large sessile polyps and early rectal cancers' (T1, G1-G2). Out of 50 patients submitted to TEM the authors consider in this study 24 cases with a preoperative diagnosis of benign large sessile polyps. The procedures included: 14 (58.3%) total wall excision, four (16.6%) total wall excision with perirectal fat, three (12.5%) mucosectomy, one mucosectomy + total wall excision, one partial wall excision + total wall excision, and the remaining case was converted to laparotomy due to a large intraperitoneal perforation. There was no operative mortality and an 8.3% rate of major complications. With a median follow up of 19 months there was no evidence of local or distant recurrence. The authors compare their results with those of alternative endoscopic and surgical techniques and highlight the advantages of TEM in the management of large and giant rectal polyps.

Adenocarcinoma↗