PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Pyelonephritis”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Intrapelvic Wilms' tumor simulating xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

A 2-year-old boy presented with an atypical renal mass with extension into the pyelocalyceal system and distal ureter which was diagnosed initially as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). The final diagnosis was intrapelvic Wilms tumor extending into the ureter. In the literature, only three patients have been described with Wilms tumor extending into the ureter, none of whom had a continuous extension into the distal ureter.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The reaction of the kidneys and acid-base and osmotic homeostasis to moderate physical exertion in patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the pre-azotemia period].

Bicycle ergometry (BE) up to submaximal heart rate provoked moderate metabolic acidosis in 52 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) in preuremic stage. Similar changes in acid-base balance following BE were noted in 14 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). BE in CP promoted the reduction in diuresis and fraction water excretion, elevation of creatinine concentration in the urine and its concentration index in the absence of alterations in sodium and osmotic homeostasis. In CGN BE induced similar changes but an insignificant decrease in diuresis and a significant rise in serum sodium concentrations, osmolality of the urine, osmotic concentration index, absolute reabsorption of osmotically free water, fall in excreted sodium fraction. It is suggested that the above differences in the response to exercise test in CP and CGN may relate to tubulointerstitial nature of CP.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1996

Technetium-99m-DMSA renal SPECT in diagnosing and monitoring pediatric acute pyelonephritis.

UNLABELLED: This study compares the sensitivity of 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal SPECT with planar scintigraphy, concluding the importance of 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT for the early diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) in patients under 3 yr of age. METHODS: Twenty-seven children under 3 yr of age, with clinical and/or laboratory suspicion of APN, were investigated. All 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT and planar images and voiding cystoureterogram (VCUG) were obtained within 3 days of hospitalization. RESULTS: In the first examination, renal cortical defects were detected in 23 patients (42 kidneys) with SPECT and in 9 patients (11 kidneys) with planar scintigraphy. One year after treatment, constant renal cortical lesions were observed in 11 patients (14 kidneys) with SPECT and 4 patients (4 kidneys) with planar scintigraphy. The high grades of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) (grade >or= 3) correlate better with APN diagnosed by SPECT (34 kidneys) than by planar scintigraphy (8 kidneys). Multiple renal cortical defects (number of lesions >or= 4) were only seen in patients under 1.5 yr old and none of those with a negative 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT had a positive 99mTc-DMSA renal planar scintigraphy at any time. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the diagnostic ability of these two methods of examination. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that 99mTc-DMSA renal SPECT should be used, where possible, instead of planar DMSA in routine examination of children with clinical suspicion of APN, especially for those under 3 yr of age.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Citrobacter emphysematous pyelonephritis in a tuberculous kidney caused by citrobacter. A case report in a diabetic patient.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by gas-producing bacteria like Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumonia is generally observed in female diabetic patients. We report a case in which Citrobacter was the microbiologically documented pathogen. High-dose antibiotic regimen was administered, but nephrectomy was necessary to overcome the life-threatening situation.

Citrobacter freundii↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The characteristics of lymphocyte membrane function in pyelonephritis patients].

Lipid, phospholipid and fattyacid spectrum of membranes of lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with pyelinephritis were studied. It has been established that in the active phase of the disease the ratio of certain lipidic and phospholipidic fractions gets changed, in the first place, those of free cholesterin, phospholipids, phosphatidilcholin, phosphatidilethanolamine. In the fattyacid spectrum, the content of oleic, linoleic and, in particular, arachidonic acid, has been noted to get reduced. The aforementioned changes may further secondary immunity deficiency the pyelonephritis course is associated with.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Prospective, randomized, controlled study comparing two dosing regimens of gentamicin/oral ciprofloxacin switch therapy for acute pyelonephritis.

Aminoglycosides are drugs of choice for severe gram-negative urinary tract sepsis. Recent evidence suggests that they are just as efficacious, but less nephrotoxic and ototoxic, if given as a single daily dose rather than in divided doses. We considered that a single, large dose of an aminoglycoside followed by oral therapy with a different antibiotic might be equally effective and possibly less toxic. This randomized, controlled study compared a single large i.v. dose (10 mg/kg) of gentamicin (S) with a standard multiple dose regimen (M) of gentamicin (2.5 mg/kg i.v. stat and then computer generated divided doses aiming for peak and trough concentrations of 8 and 1.5 mg/l respectively) for the treatment of patients with suspected acute pyelonephritis requiring hospitalization for parenteral antibiotic treatment. All patients were switched to oral ciprofloxacin either four hours after the S dose or when clinically appropriate in the M regimen. For all patients the total duration of treatment was five days. Fifty-three patients (48 women; mean age 32 yr) were enrolled. Clinical and bacteriological efficacy could be assessed in 41 patients. Thirteen of 16 in the S arm and 24 of 25 in the M arm were clinically cured and the other four clinically improved. Fifteen of 16 in the S arm and 23 of 25 in the M arm were cured bacteriologically (sterile urine 7-10 days after treatment). In 41 patients high tone audiometry was carried out before or very soon after the start of treatment, and again at the end of treatment. Ototoxicity (> or = 10 dB loss in > or = 2 frequencies in both ears) was observed in 3 of 18 in the S group (17%) and 7 of 23 in the M group (30%) (NS). Other side-effects and toxicity were mild and not different between groups. Substantial cost savings occurred in the S group. In summary, a large single dose of gentamicin was comparable in efficacy and toxicity to a standard regimen, but cheaper and more convenient to use.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Subcapsular hematoma complicating acute pyelonephritis].

Spontaneous subcapsular renal hematoma is rare and essentially associated with malignant, or benign tumor vascular diseases, inflammatory processes. In few cases, no cause was detected. We observed one additional case in a diabetic women. She presented fever, and bilateral flank pain. Ultrasonography showed bilateral subcapsular hematoma. Computed tomography confirmed these findings and demonstrated multiple area of acute focal pyelonephritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

99Tcm-DMSA renal scintigraphy for acute pyelonephritis in adults: planar and/or SPET imaging?

A number of authors have indicated a more sensitive detection of renal cortical defects using single photon emission tomography (SPET) compared with planar imaging when performing 99Tcm-dimer-captosuccinic acid (99Tcm-DMSA) renal scintigraphy. The place of SPET in the evaluation of kidneys in adults suspected of acute pyelonephritis (APN) remains controversial, however. The aim of this study was to address the role of SPET in adult patients suspected of having APN. Planar and SPET 99Tcm-DMSA renal imaging was performed in 53 patients. The data sets were separated and presented in random order to three independent observers. The kidneys were divided into three segments, which were classified as normal, definitely abnormal or equivocal. Ir. a second step, the number of lesions (definite or equivocal) on planar and SPET imaging were counted. The overall concordance between the planar and SPET imaging scores was 90.9, 89.9 and 87.7% for the three observers, respectively. Inter-observer discordance was recorded in a small percentage of both planar and SPET images. The number of lesions, based on the average of the three observers, was 22 for planar and 25 for SPET imaging. Obvious differences between observers were noted. The planar images were more often interpreted as equivocal by the least experienced observer. The more experienced observers gained limited additional information using SPET routinely. Most equivocal lesions on the planar scintigrams were observed in the lower segment. For SPET, no such distribution was noted. High-quality 99Tcm-DMSA images allow the detection of the same number of lesions as SPET in adults suspected of APN.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: conservative therapy in the para-nephritic stage. Apropos of a case].

Xantogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare disease, occuring most frequently in middle-aged woman. The patients usually present with recurrent fever, dysuria, renal colic or aspecific findings. We report a case of focal PXG (paranephric stage) treated with conservative surgery. Generally, treatment consists of nephrectomy for diffuse or advanced stage diseases, excision of the diseased renal segment for localized and low/high stage.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinico-immunological effects of T-activin in the combined treatment of patients with acute suppurative pyelonephritis].

Results were studied of use of T-activin in those clinical settings related to acute inflammatory diseases of the kidneys. There was a positive clinical effect from this preparation in all twenty-eight patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis, accompanied by readjustments in the patients' immune system. A rise to the norm was found to occur in T-helper counts, and accordingly, immunoregulatory index, NK-cell activity, blood microbocydic activity. The in vitro investigations done suggested the need for individual testing of immunocompetent cells of the patient to optimize the therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of laser therapy in correcting hemostatic system disorders in patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

The paper analyzes treatment outcomes in 72 patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the phase of active inflammation. The patients have received combined therapy including laser blood radiation to correct hemostatic defects. The latter manifested as DIC syndrome resistant to antibacterial treatment. Attempts to apply transcutaneous laser radiation (TLR) and intravascular laser radiation (ILR) showed that DIC syndrome may be cured only in the combined use of the above modalities.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of interference currents and iodobromine baths in the therapy of patients with chronic nonobstructive pyelonephritis].

30 patients were exposed to interference currents (IC) alone (group 1) versus 34 patients treated with IC plus iodobromine baths (group 2). After IC action on the region of the kidney projection patients of group 1 experienced positive changes in cellular and humoral immunity providing an antiinflammatory effect. In group 2, the improvement was seen in renal and urinary functions, 24-h urinary excretion of oxalates and calcium diminished. Interference current proved beneficial in chronic pyelonephritis patients with latent inflammation. The combined therapy was effective in patients at high risk of lithogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effect of chronic renal hemodialysis on serum total, free and acyl carnitine concentrations in adult chronic pyelonephritis patients.

In the present study, serum total (TC), free (FC), and acyl (AC) carnitine levels were investigated in 20 healthy controls (13 males and 7 females) and 27 patients (10 males and 17 females) with chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) undergoing regular chronic hemodialysis (CHD). The results showed that CHD treatment in CPN patients displays significantly decreased serum L-carnitine levels. The mean predialysis serum TC, FC, and AC (48 +/- 8, 42 +/- 6.3 and 13 +/- 2.7 nmol/ml, respectively) were not significantly different from the mean healthy control serum TC, FC and AC (50 +/- 7.1, 46 +/- 6.1 and 10 +/- 2.1 nmol/ml, respectively) (p < 0.1). However, after CHD, a significant decrease in serum TC, FC and AC levels (21.2 +/- 4.2, 17.1 +/- 3.1 and 6.1 +/- 2.4 nmol/ml, respectively) was observed compared to the values in both predialysis (48 +/- 8, 42 +/- 6.3 and 13 +/- 2.7 nmol/ ml, respectively) and healthy controls (50 +/- 7.1, 46 +/- 6.1 and 10 +/- 2.1 nmol/ml, respectively), (p < 0.001). Serum TC, FC and AC levels of male (49 +/- 5.5, 44 +/- 6.1 and 9.5 +/- 2.1 nmol/ml, respectively) and female (47.8 +/- 6.2, 38.5 +/- 9.3 and 9.7 +/- 2.3 nmol/l, respectively) healthy controls, and male (45.6 +/- 6.7, 44.1 +/- 5.1 and 12.3 +/- 1.5 nmol/ml, respectively) and female (46 +/- 5.1, 39 +/- 5.7 and 11.7 +/- 2.2 nmol/ml, respectively) predialysis patients showed no significant difference (p < 0.1). However, after CHD, serum TC, FC and AC levels of male (22.5 +/- 2.7, 16.8 +/- 3.9 and 5.1 +/- 2.1 nmol/ml, respectively) and female (19.5 +/- 2.4, 15.2 +/- 1.41 and 5.7 +/- 2.7 nmol/ml, respectively) patients were significantly decreased, compared with predialysis values (p < 0.001). After CHD, the ratio of serum AC to FC (0.47 +/- 0.03) was significantly increased compared with both healthy controls (0.3 +/- 0.03) and predialysis patients (0.32 +/- 0.03) (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). Comparatively, the ratio of serum AC to FC was increased significantly after CHD (males, 0.45 +/- 0.02 and females, 0.41 +/- 0.03) when compared with both gender healthy controls (males, 0.29 +/- 0.052 and females, 0.26 +/- 0.033) and both gender predialysis patients (males, 0.33 +/- 0.02 and females 0.28 +/- 0.01), (p < 0.001). A possible physiological consequence of this finding remains unclear.

Acylation↗
PubMed1996

[Emphysematous pyelonephritis. A case medically treated].

Authors report on a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis in a woman affected with diabetes and renal failure. In order to avoid chronic dialysis, no nephrectomy was performed and the patient was treated only with drugs. Full recovery was obtained, without worsening of the renal function.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

MP84 expression in pyelonephritis and hydronephrosis kidney biopsy sections.

MP84 is a novel antigen expressed in the primary glomerulonephritis kidney biopsy section and stimulated mesangial cells and matrix but not in the normal kidney and other tissue sections or any other cell lines tested except Bewo choriocarcinoma cell line. This is the first report of MP84 expression in pyelonephritis and hydronephrosis kidney sections. The distribution of the antigen is different from the primary glomerulonephritis kidney sections studied previously such as membranous, minimal change, focal and segmental, and IgA nephropathy. This may have an important correlation with the pathological concept underlying the disease.

Antigens↗
PubMed1977

[Xantho-granulomatous pyelonephritis. 3 cases (author's transl)].

Amongst infective lesions of the kidney, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis has a place of its own. Whilst some consider it to be a distinct entity, others classify it within the broad group of the pyonephroses. From a clinical standpoint, lithiasis is common and urinary infection quasiconstant. Radiological appearances and the therapeutic approach differ according to whether it is, as is most common, a generalised form or the much rarer localised form. On the basis of 3 cases, the authors review the principal features of this curious condition.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Usefulness of ultrasonography in the assessment of acute pyelonephritis].

OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is based fundamentally on the clinical and bacteriological findings. Radiology is useful in ruling out obstructive causes that often require surgical management. The present study analyzed the role of renal ultrasonography (US) in patients with clinical symptoms, signs and history compatible with APN that have normal plain abdominal x-rays. METHODS: 87 patients who consulted our emergency services with symptoms and signs compatible with APN were reviewed. Patients who referred renal colic and those with a previous history of urological disease other than uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infection were excluded. Patients with a plain abdominal x-ray compatible with lithiasis were excluded. Renal US evaluation was performed by the urologist to rule out hydronephrosis. RESULTS: 37 (42.5%) of the 87 patients had an abnormal US scan. These patients were evaluated again by US or IVP, or both (one case). Obstructive uropathy was demonstrated in only 5 cases (5.8%). These foregoing 5 patients were treated by surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, renal US evaluation indicated surgical treatment in 5.8% of patients with clinical features of APN and a plain abdominal x-ray with no evidence of lithiasis. This incidence is likely to be lower in the outpatient setting. It is difficult to propose a standard approach in the management of these patients. It may therefore be more reasonable to utilize US and IVP in those patients who do not respond to antibiotic therapy.

Acute Disease↗