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PubMed1982

Colonic volvulus.

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Cecal Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Spontaneous untwisting in sigmoid volvulus--the case for 'prophylactic' surgery. A report of 3 cases.

Sigmoid volvulus may present in different ways, ranging from a dramatic acute onset to recurrent minor episodes, with symptoms varying in degree of severity in between. In elderly patients and those who already have gangrene of the colon at presentation, the operative morbidity and mortality are high. It has been suggested that perhaps half the patients presenting with acute sigmoid volvulus have a history of previous mild recurrent attacks that have reduced spontaneously. It should be possible to recognise these episodes of subclinical volvulus and to institute treatment before the development of obstruction or possible gangrene. In the 3 cases presented here, features suggestive of subclinical volvulus, viz. abdominal pains, distension, constipation and dramatic passage of flatus are highlighted. Redundant sigmoid colon on barium enema, plus the clinical features mentioned, are virtually diagnostic, and prophylactic surgery is justified to avoid the mortality and morbidity associated with established cases of sigmoid volvulus.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1993

Antibody responses to Onchocerca volvulus in Ecuadorian Indians and blacks.

In Ecuador, previous epidemiological studies of onchocerciasis affecting a population consisting of Blacks of African origin and Amerindians of the Chachi tribe, have demonstrated different frequencies of clinical disease manifestations in each racial group. To explore the possibility of differential antibody responses to O. volvulus antigens in this population, a subset of sera from these two groups of Ecuadorians with onchocerciasis was analyzed for antibody to O. volvulus antigens using ELISA and Western blot techniques. Significantly higher levels of immunoglobulin against O. volvulus were demonstrated in Chachi Indians compared to native Blacks of African origin: total Ig (p = 0.049), IgG (P = 0.002) IgG4 (p = 0.019) and IgA (p = 0.035). Western blot analysis of sera from 41 persons demonstrated more intense and more frequent recognition of low molecular weight parasite antigens in the Chachi compared to a similar group of male and female Ecuadorian Blacks. These data suggest that the intensity of antibody responses to O. volvulus antigens may reflect the influence of racial factors in the pathogenesis of onchocerciasis in Ecuador.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Mesourachus and colon obstruction.

The mesourachus is an uncommon anomaly in which the urachal remnant is connected with the anterior abdominal wall by a well-defined mesentery. Likewise, large-bowel obstruction secondary to adhesions and/or congenital bands is very rare in both adults and children. In the following case report of an 8-year-old boy with trisomy 13 syndrome and known intestinal malrotation, a segment of the mesourachus was bound by adhesions to the small-bowel mesentery. This arrangement resulted in severe obstruction of the descending colon, simulating a volvulus.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Miserere colic (Miserere mei). Contribution on etymology and clinical features; hypothesis on its appearance in medical literature during centuries 17th-18th.

The definition of ileus has undergone deep changes over the last three millennia. The term ileus was originally used in Classic Greece to describe a common cause of intestinal obstruction, and subsequently the Romans would often translate it into the Latin word volvulus. During the Renaissance, ileus, volvulus and intussusception became synonymous with a vulgar term--Miserere Mei or Miserere colic--whose origin and evolution are still much of a mystery. This paper provides some historical investigation on the Miserere Mei or Miserere colic, with the aim of discussing its evolution within medical literature during the 17th and 18th centuries.

History, 18th Century↗
PubMed2001

Sigmoid volvulus and unexpected death in the elderly.

An 84-year-old female who was found unexpectedly dead at her home was shown at autopsy to have a massively dilated sigmoid colon with twisting of the lower colon on an unusually long mesentery. The volvulus had caused mechanical obstruction of the bowel with critical reduction of the blood supply resulting in intestinal infarction. Death was due to ischaemic necrosis of the lower large intestine with significant fluid and electrolyte sequestration within the bowel lumen, associated with disseminated sepsis. Gastrointestinal disorders that may result in unexpected death are uncommon in adults and may present atypically in the elderly. The diagnosis of unexpected death due to an infarcted sigmoid volvulus may not be established until an autopsy has been undertaken.

Journal Article↗