Light microscopic morphometry and fine structure of the liver: A response to perfluorinated liquid emulsions used as artificial blood.
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Animals↗
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Results for “morphometry”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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[Morphometry of cerebral neuroglial complexes in forensic medical diagnosis of substance abuse].
A method of morphometric evaluation of neuroglial complexes of the brain by relatively simple and available morphometric technique is described. The gist of the method is measuring the glial distance and glial density, which change during narcotic intoxication and abstinence. The method is addressed to forensic medical expert histologists engaged in microscopic diagnosis of such poisonings on section material.
Brain↗
[Morphometry in the diagnosis of colon villous polyps].
Endoscopic biopsies were carried out in 62 patients with colon villous adenomas and 28 patients with colon adenocarcinomas. Differential-diagnostic schemes of evaluation different morphological versions of colon villous adenomas were used for processing results of hystological investigations. These schemes were offered by G.G. Avtandilov et all. Multifactorial analysis of diagnostic features showed a possibility of transition from villous adenoma to adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Cumuli oophori in tissue culture: hormone production, ultrastructure, and morphometry of early luteinization.
The steroidogenic activity of cumulus oophorus granulosa cells obtained from unstimulated rabbits in estrus has been investigated at closely timed intervals in short-term cultures. The presence of viable, structurally well preserved oocytes and the addition of large follicle follicular fluid had no apparent inhibitory effect on progesterone or estrogen synthesis and secretion. Progesterone secretion was especially stimulated by the addition of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to the culture medium. A similar increment was also seen, although inconsistently, for estrogen secretion. Ultrastructural evidence of luteinization was demonstrated by quantitative morphometric techniques in control cultures as early as 6 hours after explantation and was shown to relate well to biochemical luteinization. It is suggested that the main modifications in cytoplasmic organelles concomitant with luteinization may be represented only by volume and surface changes rather than by alterations in morphology. Therefore, such changes need to be assessed quantitatively. Oocytes exhibited isolated maturative changes almost exclusively in FSH-LH cultures, such as cortical granule synthesis, resumption of meiosis, polar body extrusion, and two-cell parthenogenetic cleavage. It is suggested that cumulus granulosa cells may play a significant role in the resumption of "spontaneous" maturation in oocytes after their release in vitro from their follicles. Characteristic, thin-walled vesicles, either isolated or in rosette-like formation with cumulus granulosa cells, were described. A possible common nature was suggested for these vesicles and the so-called "Call-Exner bodies."
Animals↗
[Morphometry of the neural tube walls in human embryos from the 6th to the 8th week].
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Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
New approaches in brain morphometry.
The complexity and variability of the human brain across subjects is so great that reliance on maps and atlases is essential to effectively manipulate, analyze, and interpret brain data. Central to these tasks is the construction of averages, templates, and models to describe how the brain and its component parts are organized. Design of appropriate reference systems for human brain data presents considerable challenges because these systems must capture how brain structure and function vary in large populations, across age and gender, in different disease states, across imaging modalities, and even across species. The authors introduce the topic of brain maps as applied to a variety of questions and problems in health and disease and include a brief survey of the types of maps relevant to mental disorders, including maps that capture dynamic patterns of brain change in dementia.
Brain↗
Comparative morphometry of myelinated nerve fibres in the normal and pathologically altered human sural and tibial nerve.
To assess neuropathological changes in human nerves, biopsies are usually performed on the sural nerve or other nerves supplying only a small area of skin. It is not yet clearly understood to what extent the changes found in this sensory nerve correspond to the changes found in other distal sensomotory nerves. To answer this question, we made a comparative morphometric analysis of the sural and tibial nerve. In 39 autopsy cases (aged 22 - 90 years) the sural and the tibial nerve were subject of image analysis. The histological picture in this study group was clearly influenced by neuropathological changes as well as age-related changes. For each morphometric parameter in the sural and tibial nerve, we evaluated Pearson's correlation. The highest coefficient of correlation (r) was seen in those parameters that represented the condition of the myelin sheath area: the density of nerve fibre area (sum of measured nerve, fibre areas/analyzed endoneural area) (r = 0.86) and the density of myelin sheath area (sum of measured myelin areas/analyzed endoneural area) (r = 0.86). Similar correlations were obtained for the mean of axon diameter (r = 0.82), the numerical density of nerve fibre count (nerve fibre count/analyzed endoneural area) (r = 0.77), the mean of nerve fibre diameter (r = 0.77) and the mean of myelin sheath thickness (r = 0.72). Our results revealed a good or very good statistical correlation of morphometric parameters between the two examined nerves. They support the assumption that the sural nerve sufficiently reflects the histological changes in other distal sensomotoric nerves. This is valid at least in systemic neuropathological diseases and age-dependent processes.
Adult↗
Nuclear/Nucleolar morphometry and DNA image cytometry as a combined diagnostic tool in pathology of prostatic carcinoma.
Paraffin tissue sections from 50 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma were used to study nuclear and nucleolar morphometric features by image analysis. The results were compared to DNA ploidy and Gleason grade. In the examined histological samples nuclear and nucleolar areas were positively interrelated. It was also noticed that the higher the percentage of nucleolated nuclei, the bigger the nuclear and nucleolar areas. The morphometric characteristics did not differ significantly among the four grades of the examined specimens. In well-differentiated carcinomas the DNA index was lower than in the rest at a statistically significant level. Hypodiploid carcinomas were found to possess significantly bigger nuclear areas than any other DNA index group. Morphonuclear evidence of anaplasia and DNA aneuploidy may be used as diagnostic tools in prostate cancer in addition to Gleason grade.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Use of liver morphometry in the differential diagnosis of chronic alcohol and narcotic poisoning].
Data on the quantitative histomorphological involvement of the liver in chronic narcotic and ethanol poisoning and their combination are presented. Alcohol use by narcomaniacs augments hepatocyte damage, which manifests by increased fatty degeneration, increased activity of lobular hepatitis, appearance of the neutrophil admixture in inflammatory infiltration, and stimulation of sclerotic processes leading to an increase in the perimeter of portal tract section at the expense of connective tissue growth. Quantitative analysis of these processes is recommended for forensic medical histological differential diagnosis of chronic narcotic and ethanol poisoning.
Chronic Disease↗
Morphometry of the peripheral nerve in experimental diabetes mellitus.
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Animals↗
Electron microscopic morphometry of the zona glomerulosa cells of the Wistar rat.
Results of morphometric measurements were compared on the cells of the zona glomerulosa (ZG) of the adrenal gland of the rat. The mean area covered by the cells, the nuclei, the mitochondria and the lipid droplets, as well as the surface density of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and of internal mitochondrial membrane indicated an inhomogeneity even in the ZG cells of the same animal, with considerable deviations in the ZG of different animals. The dark and light ZG cells were compared too. The results suggest hormonal-functional differences, both among the normal animals and among the cells of the same animals.
Adrenal Cortex↗
Economy of effort in electron microscope morphometry.
Statistical techniques known as the analysis of variance make it possible for the electron microscopist to plan work in such a way as to get quantitative data with the greatest possible economy of effort. This paper explains how to decide how many measurements to make per micrograph, how many micrographs per tissue block, how many blocks per experimentally treated organ, and how many organs per experimental treatment group.
Analysis of Variance↗
[Morphometry of Sanguinolaria cruenta (Bivalvia: Psammobidae) in Tucacas Beach, Falcón, Venezuela)].
Three hundred and twelve shells of Sanguinolaria cruenta were collected in May 1999 in a sandy beach in Tucacas, Falcón, Venezuela. For each shell, antero-posterior length (Lap), overall height (Al), wide (An), weight (Pe), valves area (Arv), anterior length (La) and dorsal height (Ad) were measured. The descriptive statistic of the studied individuals, allows to appreciate that the variables that are good as parameters for the taxonomic description of S. cruenta are: Lap, Al, An, La y Ad, given their little variability. The maximum class frequencies is 41-70 mm for Lap (91% of the population). Analysis of data determined relationships of Lap to An, Lap to La were isometric (Lap = 0.98078 An + 1.50456 and Lap = 0.98052 La + 5.25840, respectively), whereas the other relationships indicate allometric growth.
Animals↗
Morphometry and diet of Mormyrus rume in the Lekki lagoon, Nigeria.
Aspects of the biology of Mormyrus rume (Cuvier and Valenciennes) in Lekki lagoon were investigated. This included the length-weight relationship, condition factor, food and feeding habits and the fecundity of the fish species. The major fishing methods employed for collecting the 225 specimens were castnetting and setnetting. The total lengths ranged from 15.0 to 24.9 cm while the standard lengths ranged from 13.0 to 23.0 cm. The body weights also ranged from 26.2 to 99.3 g. The fish exhibited isometric growth in the lagoon. The mean condition factor obtained was 1.20. The condition factor generally decreased with increase in individual sizes. The major food items were detritus and plant parts. The population of males was significantly higher than the females. The gonadosomatic index showed that M. rume in the Lekki Lagoon uses an average of 7.89% of its body weight in egg production. Fecundity ranged from 741 to 6000 eggs with an average of 2991 eggs per female.
Animals↗
Relationship between bilateral condylar bone change and mandibular morphology: a study using morphometry.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between bilateral condylar bone change (BCBC) and mandibular morphology. Thirty Japanese women with BCBC as diagnosed from computed tomographic scans were compared to 2 control groups: 26 Class I and 25 Class II Japanese women. All cephalograms were traced and scanned, and 14 homologous landmarks were digitized. Coordinates were used for cephalometric analysis, Procrustes analysis, Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA), and thin-plate spline (TPS) analysis. Comparison of the cephalometric data for the BCBC and Class I groups revealed significant shrinkage in the condylar process and ramus height, in addition to a shorter body length. The centroid size showed that BCBC mean geometric forms were smaller than those of Class I and Class II. The landmark morphology of the BCBC group differed from both Class I and Class II, as shown by the residuals (P < .001). EDMA showed expansion of infradentale-pogonion (9.9%) and along the anterior slope height of the condyle (28.6%), while the posterior slope height decreased (21.6%). The vertical ramus height (gonioncondylion) also decreased by 11.8% in comparison to Class I. Compared to Class II, BCBC ramus height was shorter by 8.9%, condylar width decreased 13.7%, and the posterior condylar slope was 22% shorter. TPS analysis showed increased antegonial notching, a vertically expanded symphysis, and a collapsed and more horizontal condyle in the BCBC group. The combination of the above methods was very helpful in assessing mandibular morphology and showed that BCBC might be related not only to changes in the condyle, but may dictate changes in the rest of the mandible as well.
Adolescent↗
Fractal morphometry of cell complexity.
Irregularity and self-similarity under scale changes are the main attributes of the morphological complexity of both normal and abnormal cells and tissues. In other words, the shape of a self-similar object does not change when the scale of measurement changes, because each part of it looks similar to the original object. However, the size and geometrical parameters of an irregular object do differ when it is examined at increasing resolution, which reveals more details. Significant progress has been made over the past three decades in understanding how irregular shapes and structures in the physical and biological sciences can be analysed. Dominant influences have been the discovery of a new practical geometry of Nature, now known as fractal geometry, and the continuous improvements in computation capabilities. Unlike conventional Euclidean geometry, which was developed to describe regular and ideal geometrical shapes which are practically unknown in nature, fractal geometry can be used to measure the fractal dimension, contour length, surface area and other dimension parameters of almost all irregular and complex biological tissues. We have used selected examples to illustrate the application of the fractal principle to measuring irregular and complex membrane ultrastructures of cells at specific functional and pathological stage.
Cell Physiological Phenomena↗
The morphometry and biomechanical properties of the rat small intestine after systemic treatment with epidermal growth factor.
Morphometric and passive biomechanical properties were studied in isolated segments of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum in 22 EGF-treated rats and 12 control rats. The rats were allocated to groups with EGF treatment for 2, 4, 7, and 14 days (n = 6 for each EGF treatment group except n = 4 for the 14 days group) or saline treatment (n = 3 for each group). The intestinal segments were pressurized with Krebs solution from 0 to 8 cmH2O for duodenum and 0 to 6 cmH2O for jejunum and ileum using a ramp distension protocol. The diameter and length were recorded at different pressure levels. Circumferential and longitudinal stresses (force per area) and strains (deformation) were computed from the length, diameter, pressure and the zero-stress state data. EGF treatment was associated with pronounced morphometric changes, e.g., the wall thickness, wall area, and the circumferential lengths significantly increased during EGF treatment in all intestinal segments (P < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that the thickness and area of the layers increased after EGF treatment. With respect to the biomechanical data, the opening angle increased in all segments during EGF treatment with the highest value in the 14 days EGF treatment group (P < 0.05). The same result was found for residual strain and the residual strain gradient through the intestinal wall. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the opening angle mainly depended on the mucosa thickness and area. Furthermore, the circumferential stiffness increased in the duodenum and decreased in the jejunum and ileum during EGF treatment. A plateau was reached after 7 days where after it started to normalize (P < 0.01). In the longitudinal direction, all intestinal segments became stiffer after EGF treatment for 7 days. After 14 days the curve started to normalize in duodenum and jejunum but not in the ileum.
Animals↗
Fine structural morphometry of diffuse lung diseases with abnormal blood-air gas transfer.
Samples of lung biopsy tissue from nine patients with normal lungs, seven with pulmonary sarcoidosis, nine with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, seven with histiocytosis X, and one with asbestosis were analyzed by morphometric techniques applied to electron micrographs, and the results were subjected to rank-sum analysis. Within the limits of the sampling method and the mathematical predictions of others, the general rejection of the constructed hypothesis in this study supports the conclusion that factors other than increase in the arithmetic of harmonic mean thickness of the blood-air barrier are critical to impaired gas transfer in the diseases studied.
Adult↗