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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Aeromonas enteropelogenes and Aeromonas ichthiosmia are identical to Aeromonas trota and Aeromonas veronii, respectively, as revealed by small-subunit rRNA sequence analysis.

The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of Aeromonas enteropelogenes and Aeromonas ichthiosmia were determined by polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing in order to clarify their interrelationships with other aeromonad species. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, A. enteropelogenes and A. ichthiosmia were found to be identical to Aeromonas trota and Aeromonas veronii, respectively.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1999

Phylogenetic positions of Aeromonas encheleia, Aeromonas popoffii, Aeromonas DNA hybridization group 11 and Aeromonas group 501.

The 16S rDNA sequences of the recently described Aeromonas encheleia and Aeromonas popoffii, were determined and compared with data from all known Aeromonas sp. Diagnostic 16S rDNA regions were also sequenced for some strains previously considered as an extension of A. encheleia and a strain of Aeromonas Group 501 (formerly Enteric Group 501). Results indicated that A. encheleia and A. popoffii are phylogenetically separated species as originally described. A conclusion about HG11 taxonomic status is not recommended until previous discrepancies are clarified by further DNA-DNA hybridization and sequencing studies.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1990

In vitro susceptibility of Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas sobria to fifteen antibacterial agents.

In vitro testing of the activity of 15 antibacterial agents against 522 clinical isolates of Aeromonas species demonstrated some species-associated trends. Amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid was effective against approximately 45% of Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas hydrophila, but all Aeromonas sobria isolates were resistant. Aztreonam, piperacillin and mezlocillin were highly active against all the strains of Aeromonas tested. Ticarcillin was equally effective against Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas hydrophila, but more than 50% of Aeromonas sobria isolates were resistant. The latter species was more susceptible to cephalosporins than Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas caviae. Chloramphenicol, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were extremely active against all three Aeromonas species, likewise ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Aztreonam, third-generation cephalosporins, chloramphenicol and the quinolones can thus be considered for therapy of infections when Aeromonas is implicated.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1990

Dynamics of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, and Aeromonas caviae in a sewage treatment pond.

The spatiotemporal dynamics of Aeromonas spp. and fecal coliforms in the sewage treatment ponds of an urban wastewater center were studied after 20 months of sampling from five stations in these ponds. Isolation and identification of 247 Aeromonas strains were undertaken over four seasons at the inflow and outflow of this pond system. The hemolytic activity of these strains was determined. The Aeromonas spp. and the fecal coliform distributions showed seasonal cycles, the amplitude of which increased at distances further from the wastewater source, so that in the last pond there was an inversion of the Aeromonas spp. cycle in comparison with that of fecal coliforms. The main patterns in these cycles occurred simultaneously at all stations, indicating control of these bacterial populations by seasonal factors (temperature, solar radiation, phytoplankton), the effects of which were different on each bacterial group. The analysis of the Aeromonas spp. population structure showed that, regardless of the season, Aeromonas caviae was the dominant species at the pond system inflow. However at the outflow the Aeromonas spp. population was dominated by A. caviae in winter, whereas Aeromonas sobria was the dominant species in the treated effluent from spring to fall. Among the Aeromonas hydrophila and A. sobria strains, 100% produced hemolysin; whereas among the A. caviae strains, 96% were nonhemolytic.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1999

Enumeration and confirmation of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, and Aeromonas sobria isolated from raw milk and other milk products in Northern Greece.

A total of 138 raw cow's and 57 raw ewe's milk samples; 80 pasteurized cow's milk samples; 39 Anthotyros cheese, 36 Manouri cheese, and 23 Feta cheese samples; and 15 rice pudding samples were examined for the presence and any countable population of Aeromonas species. Twenty-two (15.9%) of the 138 cow's milk samples analyzed were contaminated with A. hydrophila. In 13 of these samples, populations of 3.0x10(2) to 5.0x10(3) CFU/ml were counted in starch ampicillin agar (SAA). Eighteen cow's milk samples (13.0%) were contaminated with A. caviae, and in eight of these samples, populations of 2.0x10(2) to 3.0x10(3) CFU/ml were counted in SAA. Five cow's milk samples (3.6%) were contaminated with A. sobria, and in two of these samples, populations of 2.5x10(3) and 5.0x10(3) CFU/ml were counted in SAA. Eleven cow's milk samples (7.9%) were contaminated with other Aeromonas spp. not classified. Eight (14.0%) of the 57 ewe's milk samples analyzed were contaminated with A. hydrophila. In these samples, populations of 5.0x10(2) to 5.0x10(3) CFU/ml were counted in SAA. Six ewe's milk samples (10.5%) were contaminated with A. caviae, and populations of 1.5x10(2) to 1.0x10(3) CFU/ ml were counted in SAA. Two ewe's milk samples (3.5%) were contaminated with A. sobria, and populations counted in SAA were 5.0x10(2) and 1.0x10(3) CFU/ml. Four samples (7.0%) were contaminated with other Aeromonas spp. not classified. A. hydrophila was recovered in 4 (10.2%) and 3 (8.3%) of the Anthotyros and Manouri cheese samples analyzed, respectively, but no countable populations were noted in SAA. None of the pasteurized milk, Feta cheese, and rice pudding samples yielded Aeromonas spp. The results of this work indicate that motile Aeromonas are common in raw milk in Greece. Also, the presence of A. hydrophila in the whey cheeses Anthotyros and Manouri indicates that postprocessing contaminations of these products with motile Aeromonas may occur during production.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1988

Aeromonas eucrenophila species nova Aeromonas caviae a later and illegitimate synonym of Aeromonas punctata.

Aeromonas caviae is a later and illegitimate synonym of Aeromonas punctata. In order to secure continuity in literature, it is proposed to use the trivial term "caviae type" in connection with the species name A. punctata temporarily especially for strains isolated in connection to diarrhoea in children. Aeromonas eucrenophila sp. nov. is described, type strain in NCMB 74. The new aerogenic psychrotrophic Aeromonas species is separated genotypically from Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas punctata (caviae type).

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1997

Inclusion of Aeromonas DNA hybridization group 11 in Aeromonas encheleia and extended descriptions of the species Aeromonas eucrenophila and A. encheleia.

The recently reported chemotaxonomic and genotypic description of two well-separated subgroups (I and II) in Aeromonas eucrenophila and their affiliation to Aeromonas encheleia and the unnamed Aeromonas DNA hybridization group (HG) 11 (G. Huys, M. Altwegg, M.-L. Hänninen, M. Vancanneyt, L. Vauterin, R. Coopman, U. Torck, J. Lüthy-Hottenstein, P. Janssen, and K. Kersters, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 19:616-623, 1996) has questioned the original species descriptions of A. eucrenophila and A. encheleia. In order to elucidate the unclear taxonomic status of these taxa in the genus Aeromonas, we have further investigated a collection of 14 reference strains and 14 related isolates encompassing the taxa A. eucrenophila subgroups I and II, A. encheleia, and HG11 by DNA-DNA hybridization (on 17 of the 28 strains) and phenotypic characterization (on all 28 strains). Genotypically, the investigated strains could be grouped into two DNA hybridization groups that exhibited between-group homologies ranging from 42 to 52%. The members of DNA homology group I (DNA binding, 76 to 100%) were strains of A. eucrenophila subgroup I, including the type strain LMG 3774, and two A. eucrenophila-like isolates, leading to the conclusion that these strains should be considered true representatives of the species A. eucrenophila. The strains of A. eucrenophila subgroup II, HG11, and A. encheleia, on the other hand, were closely joined in DNA homology group II (DNA binding, 74 to 105%) together with two presumptive A. encheleia isolates. The fact that strain LMG 16330T of A. encheleia was the only type strain residing in DNA homology group II implies that HG11 and A. eucrenophila subgroup II should be classified in the species A. encheleia. Except for the somewhat aberrant phenotypic positions of HG11 strains LMG 13075 and LMG 13076, the establishment of DNA homology groups I and II was supported by the delineation of phena 1 and 2 (level of correlation, 90%), respectively, as revealed by numerical analysis of 136 phenotypic test results. These data indicate that A. eucrenophila and A. encheleia are phenotypically highly related but can be easily separated by testing the production of acid from D-cellobiose and lactose and the assimilation of D-cellobiose. Extended descriptions of both species are given.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1988

Carbon substrate assimilation patterns of clinical and environmental strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas caviae observed with a micromethod.

The assimilation of carbon substrates by 103 strains of Aeromonas of different origin identified by conventional methods was studied by means of a standardized micromethod containing 147 tests (API system). Six distinct groups could be recognized and the discriminating substrates were determined. 3 species of Aeromonas can be identified by means of conventional method: A. hydrophila, A. sobria and A. caviae. The method has a number of drawbacks: Some media are unreliable, others are difficult to read, strict preservation conditions are essential. The proposed micromethod for carbon substrate assimilation allows, in most cases, a simple separation of the 3 motile Aeromonas species.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1991

Haemolysin occurrence among Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas sobria strains isolated from different aquatic ecosystems.

A total of 909 Aeromonas spp. isolates from different aquatic ecosystems were tested for haemolysin production by both sheep and horse blood agar-plate assays and by rabbit erythrocytes in broth assay. A comparison of these different methods was undertaken in order to appreciate their capacity to evaluate the haemolytic activity of Aeromonas spp. isolated from aquatic ecosystems. The haemolytic activity was associated particularly with A. hydrophila and A. sobria (about 95% of strains), whereas A. caviae did not produce haemolysin (about 95% of strains). A method suitable for use in routine diagnostic microbiology laboratories is proposed for quantifying both groups of A. hydrophila/A. sobria and A. caviae in environmental water.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1985

In vitro susceptibilities of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, and Aeromonas caviae to 22 antimicrobial agents.

MICs of 22 antimicrobial agents for 60 strains of three Aeromonas species were determined by a microdilution method. The newer cephalosporins such as moxalactam, cefotaxime, and cefoperazone, the aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibited most of the strains studied. Within the genus, A. hydrophila was more resistant than either A. caviae or A. sobria to the antibiotics tested.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1988

Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, and Aeromonas caviae.

Clinical isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobria, and A. caviae whose fatty acid content had been analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) displayed the following qualitatively similar GLC profiles: 12:0, 14:0, 15:0, 16:0, 17:0, 18:0, 16:1, 18:1, a-15:0, a-17:0, and 3-OH 14:0. The 16:0/17:0 area-percentage ratio separated the clinical aeromonads in accordance with their species designations. Aeromonads treated with subminimal inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic cerulenin displayed the following altered qualitative fatty acid GLC profiles: 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 16:1, 18:1, and 3-OH 14:0. Cerulenin-treated cells failed to reproducibly display detectable levels of all odd-numbered-carbon-chain-length fatty acids observed in untreated cells. Cerulenin-treated cells also exhibited overall increases in 14:0 and 3-OH 14:0 and a decrease in total unsaturated fatty acid content.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2001

Intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) response to Aeromonas exoproteins in patients with naturally acquired Aeromonas diarrhea.

The secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) response at the intestinal mucosa is one of the primary defense mechanisms protecting against enteric infections and may therefore be used as an indicator of bacterial enteropathogenicity. In order to understand the role played by Aeromonas strains as gastrointestinal infectious agents, the sIgA response in fecal specimens obtained from patients with naturally acquired Aeromonas diarrhea was examined. Our results demonstrated a specific sIgA response which was directed against the exoproteins produced by Aeromonas strains. The specific Aeromonas sIgA reacted with extracellular products showing molecular masses similar to those of the Aeromonas hemolytic toxins such as aerolysin and AHH1. Some reactions were directed against other proteins that are known to be important factors in the pathogenicity of Aeromonas. The specific responses highlighted are in support of the view that one should consider at least certain biotypes of Aeromonas enteropathogenic.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Enumeration and characterization of Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas caviae isolated from grocery store produce.

Starch-ampicillin agar was used to quantitatively isolate Aeromonas sp. from retail grocery store produce. All produce sampled, including parsley, spinach, celery, alfalfa sprouts, broccoli, and lettuce, contained Aeromonas sp. In most instances, the count of Aeromonas sp. increased 10- to 1,000-fold during 2 weeks of storage at 5 degrees C. Eleven (92%) of 12 kinds of produce yielded cytotoxic Aeromonas sp. Identification as Aeromonas hydrophila was the strongest indicator of cytotoxicity, and all 29 (100%) A. hydrophila isolates and 1 (6%) of 16 A. caviae isolates were cytotoxic. Twenty-seven (90%) of 30 cytotoxic Aeromonas sp. strains produced hemolysins. Strong correlations were also noted between ability to produce cytotoxin and positive Voges-Proskauer, lysine decarboxylase, and sorbitol fermentation reactions. It appears that grocery store produce is a potentially significant source of cytotoxic Aeromonas sp. and should be considered in the epidemiology of A. hydrophila gastroenteritis.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed2000

Investigation of the role of type IV Aeromonas pilus (Tap) in the pathogenesis of Aeromonas gastrointestinal infection.

Although there is substantial evidence that type IV pili purified from diarrhea-associated Aeromonas species (designated Bfp for bundle-forming pilus) are intestinal colonization factors (S. M. Kirov, L. A. O'Donovan, and K. Sanderson, Infect. Immun. 67:5447-5454, 1999), nothing is known regarding the function of a second family of Aeromonas type IV pili (designated Tap for type IV Aeromonas pilus), identified following the cloning of a pilus biogenesis gene cluster tapABCD. Related pilus gene clusters are widely conserved among gram-negative bacteria, but their significance for virulence has been controversial. To investigate the role of Tap pili in Aeromonas pathogenesis, mutants of Aeromonas strains (a fish isolate of A. hydrophila and a human dysenteric isolate of A. veronii bv. sobria) were prepared by insertional inactivation of the tapA gene which encodes the type IV pilus subunit protein, TapA. Exotoxic activities were unaffected by the mutation in tapA. Inactivation of tapA had no effect on the bacterial adherence of these two isolates to HEp-2 cells. For the A. veronii bv. sobria isolate, adhesion to Henle 407 intestinal cells and to human intestinal tissue was also unaffected. There was no significant effect on the duration of colonization or incidence of diarrhea when the A. veronii bv. sobria strain was tested in the removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea model or on its ability to colonize infant mice. Evidence was obtained that demonstrated that TapA was expressed by both Aeromonas species and was present on the cell surface, although if assembled into pili this pilus type appears to be an uncommon one under standard bacterial growth conditions. Further studies into factors which may influence Tap expression are required, but the present study suggests that Tap pili may not be as significant as Bfp pili for Aeromonas intestinal colonization.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on motile-Aeromonas infection: 2). Development of a bacteriophage typing system for motile Aeromonas].

We succeeded in isolating Aeromonas-susceptible phages from river water and mud after a few years (1983-1985) of painstaking effort. For the first time in Japan, we investigated phagetypes of the bacterial strains isolated. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Aeromonas-susceptible phages were isolated from 82 (40.1%) of 195 samples of river water and from 23 (25.6%) of 90 samples of river mud. By the cross-matching test of the phages isolated from the 105 samples, these were classified into 13 type groups (Groups I-XIII). 2) When 594 Aeromonas strains isolated from river water, lake water, river mud and fresh-water fish were examined using the phage group patterns developed by us, 129 (21.7%) strains classified into these phagetypes. Phagetyping was possible for 11 (15.5%) of the 71 strains isolated from river and lake water, for 29 (35.4%) of the 82 strains from river mud and for 89 (20.2%) of the 441 strains from fresh-water fish. By bacterial species, phagetyping was possible for 53 (51.5%) of the 103 strains of A. hydrophila. 21 (7.2%) of the 292 strains of A. sobria, 13 (8.8%) of the 148 strains of A. caviae and 42 (82.4%) of the 51 strains of Aeromonas spp.. Especially the phages classified as Groups I, IV and VI amounted to the majority. Thus we succeeded in isolating Aeromonas-susceptible phages which could be classified into Groups I-XIII. The results suggested the possibility of utilizing this phagetyping for analysis of the ecological distribution of genus Aeromonas.

Aeromonas↗