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Results for “ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS/experimental”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1961

Passive transfer of tuberculin sensitivity by tritiated thymidine-labeled lymphoid cells.

Passive transfer of tritiated thymidine-labeled BCG sensitized lymphoid cells into homologous guinea pigs resulted in positive tuberculin skin reactions 24 hours after testing with PPD. Labeled cells were found specifically attracted to these sites. Labeled non-sensitized lymphoid cells did not appear at PPD injection sites, nor did labeled sensitized cells accumulate in non-specific inflammatory lesions. The specifically reacting tritiated cells were small, medium, and large lymphocytes and stem or immature cells of the lymphoid series. In the homologous system employed, positive skin tests were either minimal or absent 3 days after transfusion of activated cells. The injected labeled sensitized cells were rapidly cleared from the circulating blood and lodged in the lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes. Upon application of specific antigen they reappeared at the skin test site at 6 hours and then increased in number for the next 18 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

The induction of a rheumatoid factor-like substance in rabbits.

Hyperimmunization of two groups of rabbits with killed Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis has resulted in the formation of a serum factor (RFLS) which resembled the human rheumatoid factor. It was a heat-stable protein that migrated electrophoretically in the gamma-beta globulin range and sedimented rapidly with ultracentrifugation. The serologic properties of the RFLS were destroyed by mercaptoethanol. It reacted primarily with rabbit gamma globulin in an aggregated state (immune complexes or physically aggregated gamma globulin) and demonstrated cross-reactivity with human gamma globulin.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

Antibody formation in vitro.

Neutralizing activity against T2 bacteriophage appeared in cultures of lymph node cells from normal rats in response to their in vitro stimulation with a cell-free filtrate derived from homogenized rat macrophages which had been incubated with T2 bacteriophage. This activity was specifically directed against T2 bacteriophage. It resided in a fraction of the culture fluid which had the salting-out properties of serum globulin. Phage neutralization was inhibited by antibody specific for rat serum gamma globulin. Antibody production against T2 bacteriophage in cultures of lymph node cells from normal animals failed to occur if (a) T2 bacteriophage alone was added, (b) if the incubation period of macrophages and T2 phage was unduly shortened, (c) if the cell-free filtrate was heated at 80-100 degrees C for 15 minutes, (d) if more than an optimal amount of T2 bacteriophage was added to the macrophages. Additional factors which prevented the formation of antibody were the heat inactivation of the lymph node cells or the addition to the culture medium of either streptomycin or ribonuclease. Finally, it was found that macrophages and lymph node cells had to be obtained from animals of one and the same species. All essential findings on the production of antibody to T2 bacteriophage in vitro could be confirmed by substitution of the chick embryo for the tissue culture medium. The results are discussed in terms of a possible mechanism of antibody production in which an RNAse-sensitive substance resulting from the interaction of macrophages and antigen is capable of stimulating antibody synthesis in lymphocytic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

The use of specific "lymphocyte" antisera to inhibit hypersensitive reactions of the "delayed" type.

Rabbit antisera against normal guinea pig lymph node, when injected into guinea pigs, produced transient depression of the level of blood lymphocytes. It had no effect on other circulating cellular elements. Repeated injection over several days produced lymphopenia, which became progressively less marked with continued treatment, and clear-cut depletion of small lymphocytes in lymph nodes, whether draining an inoculation site or remote. In guinea pigs treated with lymphocyte antiserum, there was marked suppression of the tuberculin and contact allergic reactions and the "delayed" skin reaction to purified diphtheria toxoid, and a relative suppression of allergic encephalomyelitis and the rejection of first set skin homografts. There was a slight effect on second set graft rejection and no effect on PCA or the reversed passive Arthus reaction. Non-specific reactions to intradermal turpentine or to concentrated dinitrochlorobenzene placed on the skin were moderately reduced. The suppression of these reactions (except allergic encephalomyelitis) was closely correlated with the degree of lymphopenia. Lymphocyte antiserum absorbed with normal blood white cells lost both its lymphopenic effect and its ability to suppress the tuberculin reaction. It is tentatively concluded that a circulating mononuclear cell, probably the small lymphocyte, is the primary reactant in the various types of delayed hypersensitive reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1962

Electron microscopic studies of experimental nephritis with ferritin-conjugated antibody. The basement membranes and cisternae of visceral epithelial cells in nephritic rat glomeruli.

Ferritin-conjugated antibody has been used to identify by electron microscopy the sites at which nephrotoxic globulins localize in rat kidney during acute experimental glomerulonephritis. Antibody was concentrated in the glomerular basement membrane and in basement membrane-like material contained in distended cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. These data confirm and amplify, at the ultrastructural level, the results of studies obtained with the fluorescent antibody technique, and are consistent with the hypothesis that the cisternae and capillary basement membrane possess common proteins.

Animals↗