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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Induced abortion and spontaneous abortion: no connection?

The hypothesis that spontaneous abortion is associated with prior induced abortion is tested in an epidemiologic study. The reproductive histories of a consecutive series of women admitted to hospital with spontaneous abortions were compared with those of a control series of women who delivered after 28 weeks gestation. There is no association between spontaneous abortion and prior induced abortion. The power of the analysis to detect a 30% excess in the frequency of induced abortion in cases as compared to controls is 82% at alpha = .05. The design and analysis effectually controlled for all potentially confounding factors.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

Smoking: a risk factor for spontaneous abortion.

We compared cigarette smoking during pregnancy among 574 women who aborted spontaneously (cases) and 320 women with delivery after at least 28 weeks' gestation (controls). Log-linear analysis was used to test the hypothesis that smoking is associated with spontaneous abortion. Several potentially confounding variables--namely, age at last menstrual period and the number of previous pregnancies ending in spontaneous abortion, in induced abortion and in live birth--were controlled in the analysis. Women who had aborted spontaneously reported smoking during pregnancy more often than those with delivery after 28 weeks' gestation: 41% of cases and 28% of controls smoked. The odds ratio for the highly significant association with smoking was 1.8. The association did not vary with age or previous obstetric events. We conclude that smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

[Incidence of abortive ova among spontaneous abortions].

345 spontaneous abortions of the period 1975/76 are investigated histologically. 174 of them content chorionic villi (100 per cent). Among these we have found 91 abortive ovas (52.3 per cent), 7 hydatiform moles (4.0 per cent) and 35 histological regular abortions (20.1 per cent). Furthermore, 41 cases are suspicious of abortive ova (23.6 per cent) and, 22 cases show signs of early disturbances of placental maturation (12.7 per cent). In all groups there is inflammation of the maternal side and of the endometrium. Regressive changes of the villi are particularly severe in abortive ovas and in the suspicious cases. On the base of our own study of legal abortions as well as this material of spontaneous abortions we estimate the frequency of abortive ovas among all the pregnancies for about 15--25 per cent.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The outcome of pregnancies subsequent to induced and spontaneous abortion.

A study was made of 8982 women who were admitted for delivery over a four-year period to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Of the 5682 women who had had more than one pregnancy, 14.5% admitted a history of one or more abortions (spontaneous or induced). Of the whole series, 8.8% admitted having had one or more induced abortions. Patients with prior abortions were compared with selected controls, and maternal characteristics were standardized between the two groups. Undesirable outcomes of subsequent pregnancy, such as low birth weight, premature delivery, stillbirth, neonatal death, miscarriage or congenital malformation, did not seem to increase in patients with histories of abortions.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

Spontaneous abortion after midtrimester amniocentesis.

Of 371 consecutive patients who underwent midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis, 8 subsequently aborted spontaneously (2.2%), and 1 had a stillbirth at 24 weeks of gestation (0.17%). In 3 of the 9 patients who suffered fetal loss, infection appears to have played a significant role. Whereas midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis is widely considered to be a safe and accurate procedure, the possibility of hazard to the patient and her fetus remains and should be considered during the preliminary counseling session.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and spontaneous abortion.

The relationship between spontaneous abortion and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels was investigated between 9 and 25 weeks of pregnancy. Seven out of 126 (5-6 per cent) women who had spontaneous abortions had raised maternal serum AFP levels at their antenatal booking visit compared to 4 out of 247 (1-6 per cent) control patients who were delivered of single liveborn infants, a statistically significant differences. The raised AFP concentrations were, however, associated with spontaneous abortion only if the serum samples had been taken immediately before, or at sometime after the abortion was first clinically suspected. This suggests that high levels do not predict the development of abortion in women who have not already threatened to abort. It is therefore unlikely that women who have not already threatened to abort. Therefore, when maternal serum AFP levels are used to screen for fetal neural tube defects, women referred for a diagnostic amniocentesis on account of a high level are unlikely to have been selected on the basis of a tendency to abort.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Congenital malformations of the central nervous system in spontaneous abortions.

A study of 2620 pregnancies ending in spontaneous abortion revealed a CNS defect in 3.6% of embryos and fetuses, and 3% of all complete conceptuses. The type of malformation observed varied with the gestational age at expulsion, encephaloceles being predominant in earlier specimens, while more typical anencephalus and spina bifida were more common among later abortions. Chromosome abnormalities were found in 40% of abortuses with CNS defects, but were almost entirely confined to those which were still at the embryonic stage of development. 53% of the latter were chromosomally abnormal, which is the same as the proportion found among embryos without a CNS malformation. Using published life-tables of recognized pregnancies it was estimated that the prevalence of anencephalus, spina bifida, or related malformation (other than hydrocephalus), without a chromosome anomaly, is 5.3 per thousand conceptuses at the beginning of the eighth week of gestation. By comparing this with the prevalence in total births, it was further estimated that only 24% of these are born alive, with 54% aborting spontaneously and 22% being stillborn.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Febrile spontaneous abortion and the IUD.

A case-control study was done to determine the risk and pathogenesis of febrile spontaneous abortion for intrauterine device (IUD) wearers compared to non-wearers. Four groups of women coming to a large city hospital between 1970 and 1975 were compared: 1) women presenting with febrile spontaneous abortion, 2) women presenting with afebrile spontaneous abortion, 3) women presenting with afebrile spontaneous abortion which subsequently became febrile, and 4) women delivering a live infant. Pregnant women with an IUD in situ had a 5-fold higher risk of both febrile and afebrile spontaneous abortion compared to pregnant women without an IUD in situ. Women who had a spontaneous abortion that shifted from afebrile to febrile were somewhat more likely to be IUD wearers than the other 2 spontaneous abortion groups. In our study population, the increased risk of febrile spontaneous abortion for IUD wearers appeared primarily due to the increased risk of the spontaneous abortion event itself, rather than a primary IUD-related infection causing febrile spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

The intrauterine device and deaths from spontaneous abortion.

To evaluate the intrauterine device as a risk factor for mortality associated with spontaneous abortion, we analyzed all deaths from spontaneous abortions reported in the period 1972-1974. Women dying from spontaneous abortions with a device in place were more likely to be young, white and married than those not wearing a device. Risk of death from spontaneous abortion was over 50 times greater for women who continued their pregnancy with a device in place than for those who did not. The Dalkon shield carried an increased risk of death, as compared to other devices, even after rates were adjusted for duration of use. However, pregnant women with either a loop or a coil in place also had a higher risk of dying from spontaneous abortion than those without any device. The results support the clinical recommendation that any device should be removed when pregnancy is first diagnosed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Cytogenetic and histologic analyses of spontaneous abortions.

In a study of spontaneous abortions the correlations between karyotype (166 cases), anamnestic data, and macroscopic and histologic findings in placentas (107 cases) and embryos (73 cases) were analyzed. The main results were: 1. The rate of chromosomal aberrations was 39%. Trisomies predominated (60%), followed by monosomy X (20%), triploidies (14%), and structural aberrations (6%). 2. In trisomies a clear prevalence of female sex constitution (2:1) was observed. In normal karyotypes a slight prevalence of females was seen (1.2:1). 3. With increasing maternal age, more trisomies were found in the abortions. 4. Women whose index abortion had a normal karyotype had a history of fewer births but more abortions. 5. Trisomies of acrocentric chromosomes were mainly chorionic sacs with an embryo, while trisomies of the other autosomes resulted in intact empty sacs. 6. The average developmental stage of the embryos was 5 weeks, with a mean gestational age of 14 weeks. Gross malformations were found in 58% of the embryos.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Q-banding of chromosomes in human spontaneous abortions.

Chromosome studies of 242 spontaneous abortions were carried out by Q-banding technique. The abortuses were selected for study because they were phenotypically abnormal, had not progressed beyond 12 weeks development or were from women with repeated abortions. Chromosome anomalies were found in 126 (52%) of the abortuses. Of these, 71 (56%) were trisomies. Trisomies were found for all the autosomes except Nos. 1, 3, 5, 11, 17 and 18. Triploidy was the second commonest anomaly in this series, making up 26 (21%) of the total anomalies. About 70% of these had an XXY sex chromosome complement. Only 16 (13%) of the abortuses had X monosomy, a lower frequency than would be expected in an unselected study. Tetraploidy was found in 8 abortuses and the 5 remaining specimens had various anomalies. These included 3 translocations, a trisomy 21,X monosomy and a ring chromosome 13. Except for the greater frequency of XXY than XXX sex chromosomes in the triploids, there was no evidence of a distortion of the sex ratio, either among the trisomic or among the chromosomally normal abortuses.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Vitamins C and E in spontaneous abortion.

A group of 50 spontaneously aborting women was compared with the same number of pregnant women whose pregnancies terminated uneventfully. Biochemical parameters were studied and particular attention was paid to the vitamin C and E levels in both groups. A significantly higher percentage of aborting women had individual values of serum alpha-tocopherol above the 0.50 mg/100 ml normal limit. There was no significant difference in overall frequency distribution of vitamin C values in both groups. However, at the end of the first trimester the mean values of vitamin C were significantly higher in the aborting group. This could not be interpreted as an evidence of causal association.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

[Cytogenetic studies in spontaneous abortions].

During the three last years, the authors carried out cytogenetic studies of couples with spontaneous abortions, and of spontaneously aborted foetuses. Among 99 couples studied, 9 abnormal karyotypes were detected. In two cases, maternal balanced translocation appears obviously responsible. Concerning aborted foetuses on 46 karyotyped specimens, 13 are found to bear chromosome anomalies. The authors consider the value of cytogenetic studies when repeated spontaneous abortions occur.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Study of "spontaneous" abortion in Thailand.

This analysis includes data on 3 530 patients with septic or incomplete, inevitable or threatened abortions who were treated at the Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok between January 1972 and December 1973. Data on the patients' socio-demographic characteristics; their reproductive, abortion, and medical histories; their pre- and postabortion contraceptive acceptance; and a clinical profile of their abortion treatment, including procedure time, length of hospitalization, and immediate and delayed postoperative complications are analyzed.

Abortion, Incomplete↗