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Results for “Accelerometry”

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PubMed2026

Associations Between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Accelerometry-Based Energy Expenditure in Physiotherapy Workers.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although it has been assumed that higher physical activity (PA) levels will contribute to better physical fitness (PF) performance, the interplay between these two has yet to be investigated. Moreover, the majority of studies have been presented in children and adolescents, and older adults, while little is known about the correlation in the adult working population of physiotherapists. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to examine associations between objectively measured PA and health-related PF. METHODS: We recruited 50 physiotherapists (72.6% women) from several public and private settings in the city of Zagreb. The SenseWearArmbandPro3 (SWA), a triaxial accelerometer placed on the nondominant hand for 7 consecutive days, was used to capture total energy expenditure (TEE) and active EE (AEE). Cardiorespiratory fitness included the Harvard step test, and muscular fitness was composed of sit-ups in 60 sec and the Handgrip strength. Flexibility was evaluated using the Toe-touch test. RESULTS: TEE and AEE were moderately and positively correlated with the Harvard step test (r = 0.65 and 0.62, p < 0.001), sit-ups (r = 0.70 and 0.59, p < 0.001), and the Handgrip strength test (r = 0.74 and 0.64, p < 0.001). No significant correlation with the Toe-touch test was observed (r = -0.25 and -0.19, p > 0.05). When models were adjusted for age, weaker, but significant positive correlations remained. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness are positively associated with PA, whereas no statistically significant association with flexibility was detected. Thus, it is not surprising that we obtained moderate to almost strong correlations between TEE and AEE with cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness. CONCLUSIONS: In physiotherapists, TEE and AEE yield moderate correlations with health-related PF, especially for cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness.

Humans↗

PubMed1977

Characterisation of human limb movements by accelerometry.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acceleration↗

PubMed1979

A polygraphic analysis of mounting and ejaculation in the New Zealand white rabbit.

The duration and intensity of some components of the male copulatory pattern was studied in ten male (seven experienced, three inexperienced) and two female New Zealand white rabbits by using high speed cinematography, accelerometry and by recording the pressure of the seminal vesicles. Duration of mounts varied greatly within and among subjects. Effective mounts, i.e., those terminating in ejaculation, lasted less (2.61 +/- 1.50 sec, mean +/- SD; n, 59) than ineffective mounts (3.08 +/- 2.16 sec, mean +/- SD; n, 199). Frequency of pelvic thrusting was significantly higher in effective (13.54 +/- 1.11 sec, mean +/- SD; n, 59) than in ineffective mounts (12.08 +/- 0.98 sec, mean +/- SD; n, 176). No pelvic thrusting occurred during intromission which usually lasted less than one second (722 +/- 266 msec SD; n, 43). Shortly after intromission (230 +/- 107 msec, mean +/- SD; n, 32) the pressure of the seminal vesicles raised. This rise in pressure outlasted copulation (1040 +/- 369 msec, mean +/- SD; n, 32). The mounting pattern of inexperienced rabbits was similar to that of experienced rabbits. The mounting pattern of females differed from that of males both in rate of pelvic thrusting and duration of pelvic thrusts.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Rare Coding Variants Reveal Distinct Genetic Architectures Across Multidimensional Sleep Phenotypes.

Sleep and circadian traits have been widely studied using common variants, but the contribution of rare coding variation remains unclear. We analyzed rare coding variants in 397,065 whole-exome sequenced UK Biobank participants across 36 sleep phenotypes from self-report, diagnoses, sleep medication use and accelerometry, and meta-analyzed results with 171,536 whole-genome sequenced All of Us participants of diverse ancestries, with replication in the Mass General Brigham Biobank (N = 31,275). We identified 260 genes associated with sleep phenotypes, including novel associations with sleep medication use in 29 genes and 24 out of 29 have not previously been reported with any sleep phenotypes. We observed modest but significant rare variant heritability and strong genetic correlations between sleep medication use, insomnia and fatigue. Temporal gene expression trajectory analyses indicate that genes associated with self-reported sleep traits show constant high prenatal expression, whereas genes linked to sleep medication phenotypes exhibit peak expression in the late prenatal period. These findings highlight distinct biological mechanisms captured by different measurement sources of sleep phenotypes and reveal rare-variant-informed targets for therapeutic discovery.

exome sequencing↗

PubMed1979

Bimodal relationship of human tremor and shivering on introduction to cold exposure.

Four subjects were exposed to an environmental challenge of -12 degrees C for 15 min in four conditions of exposure: 1) clothed body and clothed arm, 0.5 clo units: 2) clothed body and exposed arm, 0.4 col; 3) exposed body and exposed arm, 0.1 clo: 4) exposed body and clothed arm, 0.2 clo. Core temperature, surface temperature of the right arm, perceived thermal comfort, EMG indicated onset of shivering, and the frequency of tremor using accelerometry were monitored and data collected every 30 s. The results indicate that tremor frequency significantly increases with cold exposure, but that a significant drop in tremor frequency precedes the onset of shivering. It is suggested that pre-shivering tetany occurs prior to the onset of shivering, acts as a load upon the lever of the hand and reduces the oscillation of the limb.

Adult↗

PubMed2026

Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Phenotype-Negative Cardiomyopathy Variant Carriers.

IMPORTANCE: Exercise may lead to disease progression and higher risk of sudden death in individuals with genetic cardiomyopathies, but the effects of exercise among individuals carrying a cardiomyopathy-associated variant without clinical manifestations (G+P-) are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the effects of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, cardiac structure and function, and risk of developing overt cardiomyopathy and malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) vary by G+P- status. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: UK Biobank participants with whole-genome sequencing providing 1 week of accelerometer-based physical activity data and without prevalent heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiomyopathy, VAs, or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators were included in this cohort study. The study was conducted at 22 assessment centers throughout the UK from February 2013 to December 2015 with a median follow-up of 8 years. Data were analyzed from March 2024 to June 2025. EXPOSURE: Accelerometer-measured MVPA (minutes/week). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Associations were analyzed between MVPA volume and future incidence of adverse CV outcomes (AF, HF, myocardial infarction [MI], and stroke), cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based measures of cardiac remodeling, and surrogates for clinical cardiomyopathy onset (cardiomyopathy and VA). Associations were compared between G+P- carriers and noncarriers. RESULTS: Among 84 699 individuals (mean [SD] age, 62 [8] years; 48 353 [57%] women; 3979 G+P- carriers), greater MVPA was associated with a lower risk of adverse CV outcomes over a median (IQR) 8.0 (7.5-8.5) years, irrespective of genotype. In multivariable models, higher MVPA was broadly associated with lower risk of incident CV disease in G+P- carriers (hazard ratio [HR] at optimal MVPA level vs zero [95% CI], AF: 0.68 [0.58-0.79]; HF: 0.58 [0.47-0.71]; MI: 0.49, [0.24-1.00]; stroke: 0.35 [0.12-0.99]). For G+P- carriers, MVPA in the range of 100 to 400 minutes per week was generally associated with lowest risk. Among individuals with CMR imaging, MVPA was associated with a similar pattern and extent of cardiac remodeling (eg, left ventricular dilation and left ventricular hypertrophy) in G+P- carriers vs noncarriers. Among G+P- carriers, higher MVPA was associated with lower risk of incident cardiomyopathy (HR at optimal MVPA vs 0, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.00-0.98) with no increase in risk of VA (eg, HR at 400 minutes of MVPA vs 0, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.83-1.14). Findings were generally consistent across variants associated with dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, although precision of estimates for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy were limited. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, MVPA within the general range of guideline-based recommendations was associated with lower risk of adverse CV outcomes and similar degrees of cardiac remodeling for G+P- carriers compared to noncarriers. Findings support the appropriateness of guideline-based MVPA recommendations for G+P- carriers.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Teacher- Versus Video-Delivered Classroom Activity Breaks and Student Physical Activity: The PAAC-3 Trial.

BACKGROUND: Classroom activity breaks may increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); however, few studies have compared teacher and video-delivered approaches under real-world conditions. METHODS: In this cluster randomized trial, 11 elementary schools were assigned to teacher-delivered (PAAC-T; 5 schools, 192 students) or video-delivered (PAAC-V; 6 schools, 276 students) classroom activity breaks across one academic year. Teachers were trained to deliver two 10-min breaks daily. Intervention delivery was tracked via a web-based platform, and classroom MVPA was assessed using accelerometers at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: Implementation fidelity was low and highly variable, but comparable between PAAC-T (42.3 ± 57.1 activity breaks/teacher/year) and PAAC-V (39.2 ± 33.9; p = 0.96), with teachers delivering ∼50% of the intended daily activity. Classroom MVPA increased significantly in both groups (PAAC-T: 9.8 ± 15.9; PAAC-V: 9.1 ± 15.3 min/day; p < 0.001), with no intervention arm-by-time interaction (p = 0.43). IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Classroom physical activity breaks may increase student MVPA, but effectiveness in elementary schools appears to depend on implementation fidelity, administrative support, and equitable system-level infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS: Modest increases in classroom MVPA were observed across both delivery formats, although low and variable implementation fidelity limited conclusions regarding effectiveness and highlighted the need for stronger implementation supports. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03493139.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Proteomic Signatures Related to Physical Activity Are Associated with Risks of Future Disease.

PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) can lower the risk of developing chronic diseases. However, few studies have examined the proteomic signatures linked to PA, and the role of these signatures in the connection between PA levels and future disease risk remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether proteomic signatures indicative of PA are associated with the risk of developing common chronic diseases and to explore their role as statistical links in the relationship between PA levels and disease development. METHODS: We used data from a subcohort of UK Biobank participants. PA intensity data were collected from accelerometers worn by each participant. Plasma proteomics results were obtained through Olink analysis. The risks of developing each primary chronic disease were evaluated for types of PA and their associated proteomic signatures, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and key measurement time-lag covariates. RESULTS: Based on the UK Biobank, we identified significant differences among the proteomic signatures of accelerometer-measured light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, and total PA. The main enriched pathways of these proteomic signatures included cell adhesion, cell migration, and immune response. Higher levels of accelerometer-measured PA and their associated proteomic signatures correlated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders, cancers, psychological or neurological disorders, and respiratory diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that PA and PA-related proteomic signatures are statistically associated with lower risks of chronic diseases. Further analyses identified proteins that were correlated with both PA and disease risk. These results need to be confirmed through longitudinal studies involving diverse populations.

Humans↗